TGF beta receptor

Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) receptors are single pass serine/threonine kinase receptors that belong to TGFβ receptor family. They exist in several different isoforms that can be homo- or heterodimeric.^[1] The number of characterized ligands in the TGFβ superfamily far exceeds the number of known receptors, suggesting the promiscuity that exists between the ligand and receptor interactions.

transforming growth factor beta, receptor type I (activin A receptor type II-like kinase, 53kDa)
Identifiers
Symbol	TGFBR1
Alt. symbols	ALK5
NCBI gene	7046
HGNC	11772
OMIM	190181
RefSeq	NM_004612
UniProt	P36897
Other data
Locus	Chr. 9 q22
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transforming growth factor beta, receptor type II (70/80kDa)
Identifiers
Symbol	TGFBR2
Alt. symbols	MFS2
NCBI gene	7048
HGNC	11773
OMIM	190182
RefSeq	NM_001024847
UniProt	P37173
Other data
Locus	Chr. 3 p24.1
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transforming growth factor beta, receptor type III
Identifiers
Symbol	TGFBR3
Alt. symbols	β-Glycan
NCBI gene	7049
HGNC	11774
OMIM	600742
RefSeq	NM_003243
UniProt	Q03167
Other data
Locus	Chr. 1 p33-p32
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TGFβ is a growth factor and cytokine involved in paracrine signalling and can be found in many different tissue types, including brain, heart, kidney, liver, bone, and testes. Over-expression of TGFβ can induce renal fibrosis, causing kidney disease, as well as diabetes, and ultimately end-stage renal disease. Recent developments have found that, using certain types of protein antagonists against TGFβ receptors, can halt and in some cases reverse the effects of renal fibrosis.^{[citation needed]}

Three TGFβ superfamily receptors specific for TGFβ, the TGFβ receptors, can be distinguished by their structural and functional properties. TGFβR1 (ALK5) and TGFβR2 have similar ligand-binding affinities and can be distinguished from each other only by peptide mapping. Both TGFβR1 and TGFβR2 have a high affinity for TGFβ1 and low affinity for TGFβ2. TGFβR3 (β-glycan) has a high affinity for both homodimeric TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 and in addition the heterodimer TGF-β1.2.^[2] The TGFβ receptors also bind TGFβ3.

See also

• TGFβ superfamily receptor
• TGFβ signaling pathway
• TGFβ superfamily

References

1. Doré JJ, Edens M, Garamszegi N, Leof EB (November 1998). "Heteromeric and homomeric transforming growth factor-beta receptors show distinct signaling and endocytic responses in epithelial cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (48): 31770–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.48.31770. PMID 9822641. (free full text)
2. Cheifetz S, Andres JL, Massagué J (November 1988). "The transforming growth factor-beta receptor type III is a membrane proteoglycan. Domain structure of the receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (32): 16984–91. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)37487-8. PMID 2903157.

External links

• TGF-beta+Receptors at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)