In November 2015, Syrian Turkmen Brigades and al-Nusra Front fighters were engaged in heavy fighting against the Syrian government forces supported by the Shiite militias and the Russian Air Force.[17] Turkmen forces have been the target of heavy Russian bombing in 2015, with reported civilian casualties which have been interpreted as a Russian effort aiming to change the ethnic dynamics of the region.[18][19][20]
On 24 November 2015 a Russian Su-24 fighter was shot down by Turkish forces for allegedly violating Turkish airspace, near the Syrian border. The aircraft crashed on Syrian land. The two pilots ejected and were shot at in the air while using their parachutes by the Syrian Turkmen Brigades.[21][22]
Military structure and groupsedit
Aleppoedit
The Sultan Murad Division was formed in early 2013 and mainly operates in the Aleppo Governorate. Its groups includes: Mehmed the Conqueror Brigade,[23] Sultan Murad Brigade, Martyr Zaki Turkmani Brigade, Ashbal Akida Brigade, Hamza and Abbas Brigade, Ahli Sunnah and Community Brigade, Yarmouk Regiment, 1st Regiment and the Turkmen Martyrs Brigade.[24] Another predominantly Turkmen rebel militia in Aleppo Governorate is the Muntasir Billah Brigade.[25]
Latakiaedit
Formed in July 2015, the 2nd Coastal Division is the main Turkmen rebel group operating in the Latakia Governorate and is notable for killing one Russian Air Force pilot, who ejected from a Su-24 which was shot down by Turkey.[26] The commander of the group, Alparslan Çelik, is a member of the Grey Wolves. The subdivisions are the Brigade of Mountain Turkmen, the Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror Brigade, the Sultan Selim Brigade, and the 1071 Raiders Brigade[3] The 2nd Coastal Division has less than 500 fighters as of the end of 2015, although the group claims to have 2,000.[27]
According to the Syrian Turkmen National Movement Party, as of early 2016, three out of more than 40 villages in the Turkmen Mountain of Latakia were left under Turkmen rebel control, as the result of the rebel defeat in the 2015–16 Latakia offensive. Many Turkmen rebels in the area are Turkish citizens affiliated with the Grey Wolves.[28] The 2nd Coastal Division took part in the 2016 Latakia offensive in an attempt to regain the territory lost to government forces in 2015. Over the course of the offensive, rebels retook Kinsabba, though division commander Riyad Qarrah Bijeq was mortally wounded during the assault.[2]
^ abcde"Turkey, Syrian Turkmen team up to form United Turkmen Army". Yeni Safak. 2015.
^ abcIzat Charkatli (4 August 2016). . al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 10 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
^ abc"Turkey's nationalist 'Gray Wolves' enter Syrian fray". Al-Monitor. 3 February 2016.
^"Turkish Forces and Rebels Storm Into Syria, Taking IS Stronghold of Jarablus". VOA. 24 August 2016.
^"SULTAN MURAT TÜMENİ KOMUTANI FEHİM İSA TATHAMUS TÜRKMEN KÖYÜNÜN DEAŞ TERÖR ÖRGÜTÜNDEN TEMİZLENDİĞİNİ AÇIKLADI". 24 August 2016.
^"Sultan Murat Tugayları: Önce Çobanbey ardından Menbiç'e ilerleyeceğiz". 25 August 2016.
^"Grey Wolves take on black flag in Syria". Intelligence Online. 2 December 2015.
^. TASS. 2 December 2015. Archived from the original on 13 December 2018. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
^ ab"Who are the Turkmen in Syria?". BBC News. 24 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
^"Syrian war's al-Qaida affiliate calls for terror attacks in Russia". The Guardian. 13 October 2015.
^Sami Kohen (26 December 2015). "Suriye Türkmenleri dört cephede savaşıyor (Syrian Turkmen fighting on 4 fronts)". Milliyet. Retrieved 27 December 2015. Statement: "Kurdish people is not our enemy, but PYD and YPG are, because they kicked Turkmen from their homes, burned villages and are currently trying to displace Turkmen and help Assad against them"
^Umar Farooq (16 February 2016). "Turks head to Syria to defend Turkmen 'brothers'". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
^"Turkmen rebels say they killed both pilots in downed Russian plane". Times of Israel. 24 November 2015.
^"The Factions of North Latakia". Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi. 10 December 2015.
^"Turks head to Syria to defend Turkmen 'brothers'". Middle East Eye.
^. Hawar News Agency. Archived from the original on 9 November 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
Bibliographyedit
ORSAM, ed. (March 2013). "Military Structure of Syrian Turkmens". Syrian Turkmens: Political Movements and Military Structure(PDF). ORSAM–Middle Eastern Turkmen Report. Vol. 22 (= ORSAM Report No. 150). Ankara. pp. 14–18. ISBN978-605-4615-47-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
April 26, 2024
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This article needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information January 2018 Syrian Turkmen Brigades Turkish Suriye Turkmen Tugaylari Arabic كتائب تركمان سوريا also called the United Turkmen Army Turkish Birlesik Turkmen Ordusu Arabic الجيش التركماني الموحد are an informal armed opposition structure composed of Syrian Turkmen and Turks that form the military wing of the Syrian Turkmen Assembly primarily fighting against the Syrian Armed Forces Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ISIL and the Syrian Democratic Forces 13 They are aligned with the Syrian opposition and are heavily supported by Turkey which provides funding and military training along with artillery and aerial support 14 15 16 The groups represent a wide spectrum of ideologies from Islamism to secular Turkish nationalism United Turkmen ArmyBirlesik Turkmen Ordusuالجيش التركماني الموحدOfficial flag of Syrian Turkmen as declared by the official governing body of Turkmen in Syria the Syrian Turkmen Assembly on 25 November 2015 LeadersAhmet Arnavut 1 overall commander Lt Tarik Solak 1 2nd Coastal Division 2nd brigade commander Riyad Qarrah Bijeq DOW 2 2nd Coastal Division commander Alparslan Celik 3 Turkmen Mountain Brigade commander 3 Omer Abdullah 1 Field commander Adil Orli 1 Field commander Col Ahmed Othman 4 Sultan Murad Division commander Fehim Isa 5 Sultan Murad Division commander Ali Seyh Salih 6 DOW Sultan Murad Division commander Dates of operation2012 presentAllegianceSyrian Turkmen Assembly Syrian Turkmen National Bloc Syrian Democratic Turkmen MovementGroup s Sultan Murad Division Mehmed the Conqueror Brigade Alparslan Special Forces Syrian Turkmen Front Sultan Selim Brigade Anwar al Haq Battalion Ashab al Yamin Brigade 2nd Coastal Division Turkmen Mountain Brigade Muntasir Billah Brigade Suleyman Shah Brigade Sultan Malik Shah Brigade Samarkand Brigade formerly part of the Hamza Division Active regionsAleppo Governorate Latakia GovernorateIdeologyTurkish nationalism Neo Ottomanism Pan TurkismSize5 000 2015 1 Part ofSyrian National ArmyAllies Turkey Grey Wolves 7 8 al Nusra Front 9 10 only in Latakia Ahrar ash Sham 9 OpponentsIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant Syrian Armed Forces Syrian Democratic Forces 11 Battles and warsSyrian Civil War Siege of Homs 2012 Homs offensive Battle of Aleppo 2012 2016 Battle of al Haffah Campaign for Turkmen Mountain Bayirbucak Salib al Turkman towards Latakia 12 2014 Latakia offensive 2015 16 Latakia offensive 2015 Russian Sukhoi Su 24 shootdown 2016 Latakia offensive 2 Operation Euphrates Shield Battle of al Rai August 2016 Northern al Bab offensive September 2016 ColoursLight blue White Red Maroon Contents 1 History 2 Military structure and groups 2 1 Aleppo 2 2 Latakia 2 3 Aligned with SDF 3 See also 4 References 4 1 BibliographyHistory editIn November 2015 Syrian Turkmen Brigades and al Nusra Front fighters were engaged in heavy fighting against the Syrian government forces supported by the Shiite militias and the Russian Air Force 17 Turkmen forces have been the target of heavy Russian bombing in 2015 with reported civilian casualties which have been interpreted as a Russian effort aiming to change the ethnic dynamics of the region 18 19 20 On 24 November 2015 a Russian Su 24 fighter was shot down by Turkish forces for allegedly violating Turkish airspace near the Syrian border The aircraft crashed on Syrian land The two pilots ejected and were shot at in the air while using their parachutes by the Syrian Turkmen Brigades 21 22 Military structure and groups editAleppo edit The Sultan Murad Division was formed in early 2013 and mainly operates in the Aleppo Governorate Its groups includes Mehmed the Conqueror Brigade 23 Sultan Murad Brigade Martyr Zaki Turkmani Brigade Ashbal Akida Brigade Hamza and Abbas Brigade Ahli Sunnah and Community Brigade Yarmouk Regiment 1st Regiment and the Turkmen Martyrs Brigade 24 Another predominantly Turkmen rebel militia in Aleppo Governorate is the Muntasir Billah Brigade 25 Latakia edit Formed in July 2015 the 2nd Coastal Division is the main Turkmen rebel group operating in the Latakia Governorate and is notable for killing one Russian Air Force pilot who ejected from a Su 24 which was shot down by Turkey 26 The commander of the group Alparslan Celik is a member of the Grey Wolves The subdivisions are the Brigade of Mountain Turkmen the Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror Brigade the Sultan Selim Brigade and the 1071 Raiders Brigade 3 The 2nd Coastal Division has less than 500 fighters as of the end of 2015 although the group claims to have 2 000 27 According to the Syrian Turkmen National Movement Party as of early 2016 three out of more than 40 villages in the Turkmen Mountain of Latakia were left under Turkmen rebel control as the result of the rebel defeat in the 2015 16 Latakia offensive Many Turkmen rebels in the area are Turkish citizens affiliated with the Grey Wolves 28 The 2nd Coastal Division took part in the 2016 Latakia offensive in an attempt to regain the territory lost to government forces in 2015 Over the course of the offensive rebels retook Kinsabba though division commander Riyad Qarrah Bijeq was mortally wounded during the assault 2 Aligned with SDF edit The Seljuq Brigade former Sultan Selim Brigade member now Army of Revolutionaries member and the Manbij Turkmen Battalion Army of Revolutionaries s Northern Sun Battalion 29 are Syrian Turkmen groups operating Rojava Syria respectively unlike other Syrian Turkmen rebel groups they are allied with the Syrian Democratic Forces and are not supported by Turkey nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Other flags used by Syrian Turkmen fighters and brigades on the battlefield and at various placesSee also editList of armed groups in the Syrian Civil War Syrian TurkmenReferences edit a b c d e Turkey Syrian Turkmen team up to form United Turkmen Army Yeni Safak 2015 a b c Izat Charkatli 4 August 2016 Another rebel commander bites the dust al Masdar News Archived from the original on 10 August 2016 Retrieved 4 August 2016 a b c Turkey s nationalist Gray Wolves enter Syrian fray Al Monitor 3 February 2016 Turkish Forces and Rebels Storm Into Syria Taking IS Stronghold of Jarablus VOA 24 August 2016 SULTAN MURAT TUMENI KOMUTANI FEHIM ISA TATHAMUS TURKMEN KOYUNUN DEAS TEROR ORGUTUNDEN TEMIZLENDIGINI ACIKLADI 24 August 2016 Sultan Murat Tugaylari Once Cobanbey ardindan Menbic e ilerleyecegiz 25 August 2016 Grey Wolves take on black flag in Syria Intelligence Online 2 December 2015 Greek Defense Ministry confirms Russian Su 24M bomber was downed in Syrian airspace TASS 2 December 2015 Archived from the original on 13 December 2018 Retrieved 22 May 2016 a b Who are the Turkmen in Syria BBC News 24 November 2015 Retrieved 25 November 2015 Syrian war s al Qaida affiliate calls for terror attacks in Russia The Guardian 13 October 2015 Sami Kohen 26 December 2015 Suriye Turkmenleri dort cephede savasiyor Syrian Turkmen fighting on 4 fronts Milliyet Retrieved 27 December 2015 Statement Kurdish people is not our enemy but PYD and YPG are because they kicked Turkmen from their homes burned villages and are currently trying to displace Turkmen and help Assad against them ORSAM 2013 ORSAM 2013 p 14 Ugur Ergan 13 September 2011 Turkish military starts training missions in Iraq Syria MIDEAST Hurriyetdailynews com Retrieved 2 March 2017 http rudaw net english middleeast turkey 140520162 bare URL Turkey kills 55 IS fighters in Syria SBS News Sbs com au 8 May 2016 Retrieved 2 March 2017 After shooting down Russian jet what s next for Turkey Al Monitor 26 November 2015 Archived from the original on 31 December 2015 Who Are Syria s Ethnic Turkmen And Why Is Russia Bombing Them Russian Plane Shot Down Over Turkmen Mountain Region Turkey condemns attack on Syrian Turkmen village summons Russian envoy Russian raids repeatedly hit Syrian Turkmen areas Moscow s data shows Turkey shoot down warplane on Syria border BBC News Retrieved 24 November 2015 Turkey downing of Russia jet stab in the back Putin BBC News 24 November 2015 Retrieved 24 November 2015 Syria Infographic FSA Sultan Murad Division YALLA SOURIYA Yallasouriya wordpress com 31 March 2016 Retrieved 2 March 2017 Sultan Murat Tumeni 16 August 2016 Umar Farooq 16 February 2016 Turks head to Syria to defend Turkmen brothers Middle East Eye Retrieved 17 September 2018 Turkmen rebels say they killed both pilots in downed Russian plane Times of Israel 24 November 2015 The Factions of North Latakia Aymenn Jawad Al Tamimi 10 December 2015 Turks head to Syria to defend Turkmen brothers Middle East Eye Who is taking part in Ghadab al Firat campaign Hawar News Agency Archived from the original on 9 November 2016 Retrieved 2 March 2017 Bibliography edit ORSAM ed March 2013 Military Structure of Syrian Turkmens Syrian Turkmens Political Movements and Military Structure PDF ORSAM Middle Eastern Turkmen Report Vol 22 ORSAM Report No 150 Ankara pp 14 18 ISBN 978 605 4615 47 6 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link CS1 maint ref duplicates default link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Syrian Turkmen Brigades amp oldid 1219426808, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
