Svislach[1] (Belarusian: Сьвіслач) (Yiddish: סוויסלאָוויטש) is a village in the Mogilev Region of Belarus on the confluence of the river Svislach, which is also its namesake.[2] The village is located near the cities of Osipovichy and Bobruisk. The population of the town is 678 people as of 2010.
Svislach has been inhabited since at least the 12th century, and was formerly part of the Polotsk Principality of the Early East Slav cultures.
Under the Grand Duchy of LithuaniaEdit
Svislach was the former capital of the Svislach principality[be-tarask] of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was the sight of the Svislach Castle[be-tarask], a wooden baroque monument with a moat and rampart, which was originally built in the 12th century, was destroyed and rebuilt, until it was demolished by Soviet authorities.[3] In the 14th century work, List of Russian Cities, Near and Far, Svislach is listed among the castles of Lithuania. In 1506, the town was destroyed by Tatars, and again in 1535 by invaders from Moscow.[4]
In the mid-16th century, Svislach became the property of Lithuanian nobleman Lukas Garaburdov[be]. In the 1565 territorial reform, it became a part of the Minsk Voivodeship. In the Russo-Polish War of 1654, it captured various Cossack territory. In 1705, a Franciscan Monastery was founded in the town.[5] Throughout the 17th century, Svislach was under control of the Radziwill family.
The first evidence showing Jews living in Svisloch was back in 1717, when documents showed that the Jews of the town paid taxes to the government. By 1766, about 100 Jews lived in the town.[7][8]
By 1897, the town reached its maximum Jewish population, with 1,120 Jews accounting for 62% of the population.[9] In 1923, there were 831 Jews, and in 1926, there were 742 Jews, 41% of the town's population.[10]
In 1941, the village fell under Nazi control during Operation Barbarossa, and the Jews were ordered to wear the yellow Jude patch, but the town did not have a ghetto for Jews at the time. In the summer, the Germans took a dozen Jews outside of the town's borders, and murdered them in the Berezina riverbank.
On October 8, a group of Jews from Svislach and neighboring Yalizava[be] were taken to the Virkau forest between the villages of Virkau[be] and Lianiuka[be],[7] and were murdered in a killing pit. On October 14, the remaining Jews in the town were rounded up and were brought to the same forest, and also murdered in the killing pit. The total number of victims among the Jews of Svisloch is unknown, but about 200 are accounted for in various records. In 2018, the diary of a gentile resident of the town was found from WWII, in which it was stated that over 1,000 Jews were murdered, but this figure contradicts evidence about the size of the Jewish community at the time.
A few Jews from the community managed to survive the Holocaust in different ways, and some returned to the village following the end of WWII, but did not maintain a Jewish community. After the war, a monument was erected in the city of Bobruisk in memory of the massacred Jews.[7]
In the 2000s, Swislach received the official status of agrotown. In 2001, there were 277 households, and that number expanded to 314 by 2007.
DemographyEdit
Historical population of Svislach (Mogilev) (Source: [12][13][14])
Year
1886
1890
1999
2001
2007
2010
Population
420
1,000
852
820
760
678
GalleryEdit
See alsoEdit
Aerial footage of Svislach | YouTube
ReferencesEdit
^Names of settlements of Republic of Belarus Mogilev region: regulatory guide / I. Gaponenko, et al.; Publisher: V. Lemtiugova . — Minsk, 2007. — 406 p. ISBN 978-985-458-159-0
^Short toponymic dictionary of Belarus / V.A. Zhuchkevich . — Minsk : Publishing House of BSU, 1974. — 448 p. P. 337
^Bich, M.O.; Pashkoŭ, Henadzʹ (2003). Ėntsyklapedyi︠a︡ Historyi Belarusi (in Belarusian). Minsk: Belaruskai︠a︡ Ėntsyklapedyi︠a︡ Imi︠a︡ Petrusi︠a︡ Broŭki. p. 264. ISBN9785857000748.
^Genadz, Patrovi (1974). Vkl 2 (in Belarusian). Minsk: Belaruskaa e ncyklapedya i ma Petrusa Brou ki. p. 559. ISBN9789851103948.
^Kylagin, Anatoliy, Katalitskiya khramyi Belarusyi — Minsk, 2008 p. 453
^"Іван Саверчанка, Зьміцер Санько. 150 пытанняў і адказаў з гісторыі Беларусі". knihi.com (in Belarusian). Retrieved 2023-04-06.
^ abc. Berkovich-Zametki. 7 November 2019. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 6 Apr 2023.
^"ЕЭБЕ/Свислочь, местечко Минской губернии — Викитека". ru.wikisource.org (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-04-06.
^. Russian Jewish Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 4 Mar 2016. Retrieved 6 Apr 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^""Детский санаторий Свислочь" -" (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-04-06.
^Bich, M.O.; Pashkoŭ, Henadzʹ (2003). Ėntsyklapedyi︠a︡ Historyi Belarusi (in Belarusian). Minsk: Belaruskai︠a︡ Ėntsyklapedyi︠a︡ Imi︠a︡ Petrusi︠a︡ Broŭki. p. 264. ISBN9785857000748.
^Jelski A. Świsłocz (3) // Słownik geograficzny... T. XI. - Warsaw, 1890. p. 720 -721.
^Пашкоў, Генадзь (2002). Belaruskai͡a ėntsyklapedyi͡a Vol 14 (in Belarusian). Minsk: Беларуская энцыклапедыя. p. 266. ISBN9851102385.
October 20, 2023
svislach, mogilev, svislach, belarusian, Сьвіслач, yiddish, סוויסלא, וויטש, village, mogilev, region, belarus, confluence, river, svislach, which, also, namesake, village, located, near, cities, osipovichy, bobruisk, population, town, people, 2010, svislach, С. Svislach 1 Belarusian Svislach Yiddish סוויסלא וויטש is a village in the Mogilev Region of Belarus on the confluence of the river Svislach which is also its namesake 2 The village is located near the cities of Osipovichy and Bobruisk The population of the town is 678 people as of 2010 Svislach Svislach Belarusian VillageSvislach castle 1928SvislachCoordinates 53 26 10 N 28 58 21 E 53 43611 N 28 97250 E 53 43611 28 97250CountryBelarusRegionMogilev RegionDistrictAsipovichy DistrictPopulation 2010 Total678Postal code213714Area code 375 2235Svislach is an ancient town of historical minority groups in Eastern Europe such as Jews Contents 1 History 1 1 Under the Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1 2 Under Russian sovereignty 2 Jewish community 2 1 The Holocaust 3 Modern times 4 Demography 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 ReferencesHistory EditSvislach has been inhabited since at least the 12th century and was formerly part of the Polotsk Principality of the Early East Slav cultures Under the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Edit Svislach was the former capital of the Svislach principality be tarask of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth It was the sight of the Svislach Castle be tarask a wooden baroque monument with a moat and rampart which was originally built in the 12th century was destroyed and rebuilt until it was demolished by Soviet authorities 3 In the 14th century work List of Russian Cities Near and Far Svislach is listed among the castles of Lithuania In 1506 the town was destroyed by Tatars and again in 1535 by invaders from Moscow 4 In the mid 16th century Svislach became the property of Lithuanian nobleman Lukas Garaburdov be In the 1565 territorial reform it became a part of the Minsk Voivodeship In the Russo Polish War of 1654 it captured various Cossack territory In 1705 a Franciscan Monastery was founded in the town 5 Throughout the 17th century Svislach was under control of the Radziwill family Under Russian sovereignty Edit Following the Second Partition of Poland in 1793 Svislach fell under Russian jurisdiction It became part of the Bobruisk Uezd in the Minsk Governorate In 1886 there were 47 households 2 churches and 2 schools in the village During WWI the village was occupied by German troops in February of 1918 Under the Third Constituent Charter Svislach was declared part of the Belarusian People s Republic following the collapse of the Russian Empire In 1919 it became part of the Belarusian SSR 6 Jewish community EditThe first evidence showing Jews living in Svisloch was back in 1717 when documents showed that the Jews of the town paid taxes to the government By 1766 about 100 Jews lived in the town 7 8 By 1897 the town reached its maximum Jewish population with 1 120 Jews accounting for 62 of the population 9 In 1923 there were 831 Jews and in 1926 there were 742 Jews 41 of the town s population 10 nbsp Svislach and Yasen Ghetto Memorial in BabruyskThe Holocaust Edit See Also Ghetto in Svislach Mogilev In 1941 the village fell under Nazi control during Operation Barbarossa and the Jews were ordered to wear the yellow Jude patch but the town did not have a ghetto for Jews at the time In the summer the Germans took a dozen Jews outside of the town s borders and murdered them in the Berezina riverbank On October 8 a group of Jews from Svislach and neighboring Yalizava be were taken to the Virkau forest between the villages of Virkau be and Lianiuka be 7 and were murdered in a killing pit On October 14 the remaining Jews in the town were rounded up and were brought to the same forest and also murdered in the killing pit The total number of victims among the Jews of Svisloch is unknown but about 200 are accounted for in various records In 2018 the diary of a gentile resident of the town was found from WWII in which it was stated that over 1 000 Jews were murdered but this figure contradicts evidence about the size of the Jewish community at the time A few Jews from the community managed to survive the Holocaust in different ways and some returned to the village following the end of WWII but did not maintain a Jewish community After the war a monument was erected in the city of Bobruisk in memory of the massacred Jews 7 Modern times EditSvislach is the site of local pediatric medical tourism with one of the largest children s sanitoriums in the region 11 In the 2000s Swislach received the official status of agrotown In 2001 there were 277 households and that number expanded to 314 by 2007 Demography EditHistorical population of Svislach Mogilev Source 12 13 14 Year188618901999200120072010Population4201 000852820760678Gallery Edit nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp See also EditAerial footage of Svislach YouTubeReferences Edit Names of settlements of Republic of Belarus Mogilev region regulatory guide I Gaponenko et al Publisher V Lemtiugova Minsk 2007 406 p ISBN 978 985 458 159 0 Short toponymic dictionary of Belarus V A Zhuchkevich Minsk Publishing House of BSU 1974 448 p P 337 Bich M O Pashkoŭ Henadzʹ 2003 Ėntsyklapedyi a Historyi Belarusi in Belarusian Minsk Belaruskai a Ėntsyklapedyi a Imi a Petrusi a Broŭki p 264 ISBN 9785857000748 Genadz Patrovi 1974 Vkl 2 in Belarusian Minsk Belaruskaa e ncyklapedya i ma Petrusa Brou ki p 559 ISBN 9789851103948 Kylagin Anatoliy Katalitskiya khramyi Belarusyi Minsk 2008 p 453 Ivan Saverchanka Zmicer Sanko 150 pytannyay i adkazay z gistoryi Belarusi knihi com in Belarusian Retrieved 2023 04 06 a b c Leonid Smilovickij Po sledam evrejskih kladbish Belarusi Svisloch Berkovich Zametki 7 November 2019 Archived from the original on 18 May 2021 Retrieved 6 Apr 2023 EEBE Svisloch mestechko Minskoj gubernii Vikiteka ru wikisource org in Russian Retrieved 2023 04 06 Svisloch Russian Jewish Encyclopedia Archived from the original on 4 Mar 2016 Retrieved 6 Apr 2023 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link Untold Stories Svislach Yad Vashem Detskij sanatorij Svisloch in Russian Retrieved 2023 04 06 Bich M O Pashkoŭ Henadzʹ 2003 Ėntsyklapedyi a Historyi Belarusi in Belarusian Minsk Belaruskai a Ėntsyklapedyi a Imi a Petrusi a Broŭki p 264 ISBN 9785857000748 Jelski A Swislocz 3 Slownik geograficzny T XI Warsaw 1890 p 720 721 Pashkoy Genadz 2002 Belaruskai a entsyklapedyi a Vol 14 in Belarusian Minsk Belaruskaya encyklapedyya p 266 ISBN 9851102385 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Svislach Mogilev amp oldid 1178011725, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
