This article is about the historical region. For the depiction in Indian epic literature, see Shurasena.
Kingdom of Surasena (or Sourasena) (Sanskrit: Śūrasena) was an ancient Indian region corresponding to the present-day Braj region in Uttar Pradesh, with Mathura as its capital city. According to the Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya, Surasena was one of the solasa (sixteen) Mahajanapadas (powerful realms) in the 6th century BCE.[1] Also, it is mentioned in the Hindu epic poem, the Ramayana. The ancient Greek writers (e.g., Megasthenes) refer to the Sourasenoi and its cities, Methora[2] and Cleisobra.[3] Sourasenoi is one of the Indian tribes and it's a Greek word by megasthenes named as Shoorsaini in modern Era.[4][unreliable source?]
Kingdom of Surasena
c. 700 BCE–c. 300 BCE
Surasena and other Mahajanapadas in the Post Vedic period.
The Śūrasena state was located on the Yamunā river, and its capital was the city of Mathurā.[5]
History
The Puranas refer to the rulers of the Mathura region as the king shoorsen ( son of king shatrudhan ), divided into a number of septs, which include the Vrishnis.[6][7] The Buddhist texts refer to Avantiputta, the king of the Surasenas in the time of Maha Kachchana, one of the chief disciples of Gautama Buddha, who spread Buddhism in the Mathura region.[6]
Its capital, Mathura, was situated on the bank of the river Yamuna, presently a sacred place for the Hindus. The ancient Greek writers mention another city, named Cleisobora, in this region.[2]
Archaeological excavations at Mathura show the gradual growth of a village into an important city. The earliest period belonged to the Painted Grey Ware culture (1100-500 BCE), followed by the Northern Black Polished Ware culture (700-200 BCE). Mathura derived its importance as a center of trade due to its location where the northern trade route of the Gangetic Plain met with the routes to Malwa (central India) and the west coast.[8]
^Upinder Singh (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century. Pearson Education India. pp. 281, 336. ISBN978-81-317-1120-0.
Sources
Raychaudhuri, H.C. (1972), Political History of Ancient India: From the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of the Gupta Dynasty, Calcutta: University of Calcutta.
Singh, Upinder (2008), A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century, Delhi: Pearson Education, ISBN978-81-317-1677-9.
External links
May 05, 2023
surasena, this, article, about, historical, region, depiction, indian, epic, literature, shurasena, kingdom, sourasena, sanskrit, Śūrasena, ancient, indian, region, corresponding, present, braj, region, uttar, pradesh, with, mathura, capital, city, according, . This article is about the historical region For the depiction in Indian epic literature see Shurasena Kingdom of Surasena or Sourasena Sanskrit Surasena was an ancient Indian region corresponding to the present day Braj region in Uttar Pradesh with Mathura as its capital city According to the Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya Surasena was one of the solasa sixteen Mahajanapadas powerful realms in the 6th century BCE 1 Also it is mentioned in the Hindu epic poem the Ramayana The ancient Greek writers e g Megasthenes refer to the Sourasenoi and its cities Methora 2 and Cleisobra 3 Sourasenoi is one of the Indian tribes and it s a Greek word by megasthenes named as Shoorsaini in modern Era 4 unreliable source Kingdom of Surasenac 700 BCE c 300 BCESurasena and other Mahajanapadas in the Post Vedic period CapitalMathuraCommon languagesSanskrit PrakritReligionHinduismBuddhismJainismGovernmentMonarchyMaharaja Historical eraBronze Age Iron Age Establishedc 700 BCE Disestablishedc 300 BCEToday part ofIndia Contents 1 Etymology 2 Location 3 History 4 Gallery 5 See also 6 References 7 Sources 8 External linksEtymology EditThe Etymology of the name Surasena is uncertain Location EditThe Surasena state was located on the Yamuna river and its capital was the city of Mathura 5 History EditThe Puranas refer to the rulers of the Mathura region as the king shoorsen son of king shatrudhan divided into a number of septs which include the Vrishnis 6 7 The Buddhist texts refer to Avantiputta the king of the Surasenas in the time of Maha Kachchana one of the chief disciples of Gautama Buddha who spread Buddhism in the Mathura region 6 Its capital Mathura was situated on the bank of the river Yamuna presently a sacred place for the Hindus The ancient Greek writers mention another city named Cleisobora in this region 2 Archaeological excavations at Mathura show the gradual growth of a village into an important city The earliest period belonged to the Painted Grey Ware culture 1100 500 BCE followed by the Northern Black Polished Ware culture 700 200 BCE Mathura derived its importance as a center of trade due to its location where the northern trade route of the Gangetic Plain met with the routes to Malwa central India and the west coast 8 Gallery Edit Map depicting 16 mahajanapadas kingdoms and other kingdoms of vedic era India in 540 BCE citation needed Saurasena coin 400 300 BCE See also EditSainiReferences Edit Raychaudhuri 1972 p 85 a b Raychaudhuri 1972 p 71 Majumdar Ramesh Chandra 1995 Ancient India Delhi Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited p 173 ISBN 978 81 208 0436 4 ANNALS AND ANTIQUITIES OF RAJASTHAN James Tod Vol 1 pp 36 Oxford University Press 1920 Raychaudhuri Hemchandra 1953 Political History of Ancient India From the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of Gupta Dynasty University of Calcutta pp 138 143 a b Raychaudhuri 1972 p 128 Singh 2008 p 264 Upinder Singh 2008 A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India From the Stone Age to the 12th Century Pearson Education India pp 281 336 ISBN 978 81 317 1120 0 Sources EditRaychaudhuri H C 1972 Political History of Ancient India From the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of the Gupta Dynasty Calcutta University of Calcutta Singh Upinder 2008 A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India From the Stone Age to the 12th Century Delhi Pearson Education ISBN 978 81 317 1677 9 External links Edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Surasena amp oldid 1153012818, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
