Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee (SMAC), (Bulgarian: Върховен македоно - одрински комитет, (ВМОК)), also known as Supreme Macedonian Committee was a Bulgarian paramilitary and political organization, active in Bulgaria as well as in Macedonia and Thrace regions of the Ottoman Empire. It was based in Bulgaria from 1895 to 1905. Macedonian Bulgarian and Thracian Bulgarian emigrants in Bulgaria were a great number. Led by Trayko Kitanchev, they formed in 1895 the “Macedonian-Adrianople Organization”, at the head of which was “Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committee”.[1] Its official declaration was also a struggle for autonomy of Macedonia and Thrace. At the same time, being impatient for the liberty to come sooner, and strongly convinced that it would come only with the help of the Bulgarian Army. Later they directed their efforts in activities for involving the country into war with the Ottoman Empire as for example during the Supreme Macedonian Committee chetas' action in 1895, and the Gorna Dzhumaya Uprising in 1902. As a rule most of the leaders were with stronger connections with the governments. At the end their main idea was, waging struggle for a direct unification with Bulgaria.
Statute of the Macedonian-Adrianople Organization, a general meeting of SMAC, 1900. Chapter I. - Goal Art. 1. The goal of MAO is to secure political autonomy for the Macedonia and Adrianople regions...
They became known as the "supremists" or "varhovists" since they were based outside of Macedonia. The supremists resorted to terrorism against the Ottomans in the hope of provoking a war and thus Bulgarian annexation of Macedonia. Several months after the formation of the Supreme Committee, the latter formed several detachments out of Bulgarian emigrants, revolutionaries, soldiers and officers from the army, almost all of them born in Macedonia or Thrace. Four detachments succeeded in entering Macedonia and only one - Thrace. For a time in the late 1890s the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO) leaders managed to gain control of the Supreme Committee but it soon split into two factions: one loyal to the IMARO and one led by some officers close to the Bulgarian prince. The second one staged an ill-fated uprising in Eastern Macedonia in 1902, where they were opposed militarily by local IMARO bands led by Yane Sandanski and Hristo Chernopeev, who were later to become the leaders of the IMARO left wing. During the Ilinden Uprising insurgent detachments of the Supreme Committee, held down a large Turkish force. These actions began on the day of the Feast of the Cross and did not involve the local population as much as in other regions, and were well to the east of Monastir and to the west of Thrace. After the failure of the uprising the Bulgarian government dissolved the committee under Ottoman pressure.[2]
References
^The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics, Ivo Banac, Cornell University Press, 1988, ISBN0801494931, p. 314.
^Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009, ISBN0810862956, p. 217.
Sources
Върховният Македоно - Одрински комитет / 1895 - 1903 / Автор: Светлозар Елдъров, издател: Иврай ООД, Година на издаване: 2003 ISBN954-91210-6-2
Билярски, Цочо. Княжество България и македонският въпрос, т.1. Върховен македоно-одрински комитет 1895 - 1905 (Протоколи от конгресите), Българска историческа библиотека, 5, Иврай, София, 2002.
Билярски, Цочо. Отношенията на Вътрешната македоно-одринска революционна организация и Върховния македоно-одрински комитет до 1902 г., ИДА, кн 59, 1990, стр. 233-291.
Билярски, Цочо. Протоколите на Върховния македоно-одрински комитет между VII и VIII конгрес (1900-1901), ИДА, 1986.
Билярски, Цочо, И. Бурилкова, Писма от дейци на Върховния македонски комитет и на Българските македоно-одрински революционни комитети в архива на д-р Константин Стоилов (1895-1898 г.), Македонски преглед, кн. 4, 1996, стр. 101-128.
Георгиев, Георги. Македоно-одринското движение в Кюстендилски окръг (1895-1903), Македонски научен институт, София, 2008.
Елдъров, Светлозар. Върховният македоно-одрински комитет и Македоно-одринската организация в България (1895 - 1903), Иврай, София, 2003.
Елдъров, Светлозар. Кореспонденцията между генерал Иван Цончев и капитан Александър Протогеров за македоно-одринското революционно движение (октомври 1901 - юли 1903 г.), ИВИНД, 1991, кн. 52, стр. 118-143.
Елдъров, Светлозар, Т. Петров. Офицерите от Българската армия на Княжество България в Илинденско-Преображенското въстание 1903 година, ВИС, 1988, кн. 4, стр. 137-146.
Николов, Б. Протоколи от районните конгреси на Върховния македоно-одрински комитет през 1905 г., ВИС, 1984, кн. 3, стр. 164-179.
Пандев, К. Вътрешната организация и Върховният комитет 1899-1901, Етюд историк, 1973.
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This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations April 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Supreme Macedonian Adrianople Committee SMAC Bulgarian Vrhoven makedono odrinski komitet VMOK also known as Supreme Macedonian Committee was a Bulgarian paramilitary and political organization active in Bulgaria as well as in Macedonia and Thrace regions of the Ottoman Empire It was based in Bulgaria from 1895 to 1905 Macedonian Bulgarian and Thracian Bulgarian emigrants in Bulgaria were a great number Led by Trayko Kitanchev they formed in 1895 the Macedonian Adrianople Organization at the head of which was Supreme Macedonian Adrianople Revolutionary Committee 1 Its official declaration was also a struggle for autonomy of Macedonia and Thrace At the same time being impatient for the liberty to come sooner and strongly convinced that it would come only with the help of the Bulgarian Army Later they directed their efforts in activities for involving the country into war with the Ottoman Empire as for example during the Supreme Macedonian Committee chetas action in 1895 and the Gorna Dzhumaya Uprising in 1902 As a rule most of the leaders were with stronger connections with the governments At the end their main idea was waging struggle for a direct unification with Bulgaria Statute of the Macedonian Adrianople Organization a general meeting of SMAC 1900 Chapter I Goal Art 1 The goal of MAO is to secure political autonomy for the Macedonia and Adrianople regions General Ivan Tsonchev s Supreme Committee sband They became known as the supremists or varhovists since they were based outside of Macedonia The supremists resorted to terrorism against the Ottomans in the hope of provoking a war and thus Bulgarian annexation of Macedonia Several months after the formation of the Supreme Committee the latter formed several detachments out of Bulgarian emigrants revolutionaries soldiers and officers from the army almost all of them born in Macedonia or Thrace Four detachments succeeded in entering Macedonia and only one Thrace For a time in the late 1890s the Internal Macedonian Adrianople Revolutionary Organization IMARO leaders managed to gain control of the Supreme Committee but it soon split into two factions one loyal to the IMARO and one led by some officers close to the Bulgarian prince The second one staged an ill fated uprising in Eastern Macedonia in 1902 where they were opposed militarily by local IMARO bands led by Yane Sandanski and Hristo Chernopeev who were later to become the leaders of the IMARO left wing During the Ilinden Uprising insurgent detachments of the Supreme Committee held down a large Turkish force These actions began on the day of the Feast of the Cross and did not involve the local population as much as in other regions and were well to the east of Monastir and to the west of Thrace After the failure of the uprising the Bulgarian government dissolved the committee under Ottoman pressure 2 References Edit The National Question in Yugoslavia Origins History Politics Ivo Banac Cornell University Press 1988 ISBN 0801494931 p 314 Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia Dimitar Bechev Scarecrow Press 2009 ISBN 0810862956 p 217 Sources EditVrhovniyat Makedono Odrinski komitet 1895 1903 Avtor Svetlozar Eldrov izdatel Ivraj OOD Godina na izdavane 2003 ISBN 954 91210 6 2 Bilyarski Cocho Knyazhestvo Blgariya i makedonskiyat vpros t 1 Vrhoven makedono odrinski komitet 1895 1905 Protokoli ot kongresite Blgarska istoricheska biblioteka 5 Ivraj Sofiya 2002 Bilyarski Cocho Otnosheniyata na Vtreshnata makedono odrinska revolyucionna organizaciya i Vrhovniya makedono odrinski komitet do 1902 g IDA kn 59 1990 str 233 291 Bilyarski Cocho Protokolite na Vrhovniya makedono odrinski komitet mezhdu VII i VIII kongres 1900 1901 IDA 1986 Bilyarski Cocho Statuti na Vrhovniya makedono odrinski komitet v Voennoistoricheski sbornik 1984 2 Bilyarski Cocho I Burilkova Pisma ot dejci na Vrhovniya makedonski komitet i na Blgarskite makedono odrinski revolyucionni komiteti v arhiva na d r Konstantin Stoilov 1895 1898 g Makedonski pregled kn 4 1996 str 101 128 Georgiev Georgi Makedono odrinskoto dvizhenie v Kyustendilski okrg 1895 1903 Makedonski nauchen institut Sofiya 2008 Eldrov Svetlozar Vrhovniyat makedono odrinski komitet i Makedono odrinskata organizaciya v Blgariya 1895 1903 Ivraj Sofiya 2003 Eldrov Svetlozar Korespondenciyata mezhdu general Ivan Conchev i kapitan Aleksandr Protogerov za makedono odrinskoto revolyucionno dvizhenie oktomvri 1901 yuli 1903 g IVIND 1991 kn 52 str 118 143 Eldrov Svetlozar T Petrov Oficerite ot Blgarskata armiya na Knyazhestvo Blgariya v Ilindensko Preobrazhenskoto vstanie 1903 godina VIS 1988 kn 4 str 137 146 Nikolov B Protokoli ot rajonnite kongresi na Vrhovniya makedono odrinski komitet prez 1905 g VIS 1984 kn 3 str 164 179 Pandev K Vtreshnata organizaciya i Vrhovniyat komitet 1899 1901 Etyud istorik 1973 See also EditTrayko Kitanchev Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization History of Bulgaria Ilinden Uprising Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Supreme Macedonian Adrianople Committee amp oldid 1108411823, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
