The Sunbeam Crusader, originally known as the Sunbeam 150 hp, Sunbeam 110 hp or Sunbeam 100 hp (variations on the engine may also have been referred to as Sunbeam 120 hp or Sunbeam 135 hp), was an early British, side-valve, water-cooled, V-8 aero engine first marketed in 1913.[1]
A Sunbeam Gurkha in the remains of a Short Type 184 at the Fleet Air Arm Museum. While Frederick Rutland's aeroplane survived the First World War intact, it was damaged by bombing during the Second World War.
The first aero-engine from Louis Coatalen was the 110 hp, a water-cooled V-8 with side-valve cylinders of 80mm (3.15 in) bore and 150mm (5.9 in) stroke. The later versions of the engine, which had 90mm (3.5 in) bore cylinders, were known as the 150 hp until the Sunbeam naming system labelled it the Crusader in 1917. The 80mm bore versions were produced in limited numbers, mostly for civil use, but later 90mm bore engines had limited success in civil applications, with more than 226 built for military aircraft.[1]
Production examples were rated at 150 hp (112 kW) at 2,000 rpm, had a bore of 90mm (3.5 in), stroke of 150mm (5.9 in), two valves per cylinder, and weighed 480 lb (220 kg) dry. The engine was used in a wide variety of British military aircraft during the first years of World War I, most notably the Short 827 seaplane for which six of the original versions were ordered followed by 107 of the more powerful type.
Further development of the Crusader resulted in the Sunbeam Zulu and V-12 Sunbeam Mohawk and Sunbeam Gurkha.[1] The Gurkha engine preserved at the Fleet Air Arm Museum, Yeovilton, Somerset, England, is the only surviving Sunbeam side-valve engine in the UK. It is installed in the Short 184, aircraft number 8359, that played a minor role in the Battle of Jutland at the end of May 1916. The pilot on that occasion was Flight Lieutenant Frederick Rutland (who was ever after known as "Rutland of Jutland"),
Early versions of the V-8 side-valve engine with 80mm (3.15in) bore, variations were rated at 100 hp (75 kW), 110 hp (82 kW) and 120 hp (89 kW).[1]
150 hp
Introduced late in 1914, the 90mm (3.5in) bore versions were referred to as the 150hp and could be rated at 135 hp (101 kW) or 150 hp (112 kW).[1]
160 hp
Original designation for the 100mm (3.94in) bore Sunbeam Zulu, derivative of the Crusader.[1]
200 hp
Initial version of the V-12 Mohawk built with 80mm (3.15in) bore, developing 200 hp (149 kW). The Admiralty required more powerful engines than the Crusader, so Coatalen designed the Sunbeam 225 hp (168 kW) as a 60 degree V-12 using blocks of three cylinders instead of the twin-cylinder blocks of the Crusader.[1]
225 hp
Production versions built with 90mm (3.5in) bore, rated at 225 hp (168 kW). Short seaplanes using this engine were often called "225s". During 1917 this engine was re-named as the Sunbeam Mohawk.[1]
Crusader
The name Crusader was applied to the engine in 1917 after production had ceased, and officially referred only to the later '150hp' version.[1]
Zulu
Outwardly identical to the Crusader, the Zulu was developed during 1915, the bore was increased from 90 mm to 100 mm and the reduction gear ratio was changed to 1.86:1, allowing the engine to develop 160 hp (119 kW) at 2000 rpm. 75 Zulus were built.[1]
The Gurkha was developed as a replacement for the Mohawk with a bore of 100 mm (3.94in) and the gear ratio was reduced to 1.86:1, giving 240 hp (179 kW) at 2000 rpm. Production ended in October 1916, after 74 units had been supplied to power the Short 184 seaplanes of the Royal Naval Air Service.[1]
Gunston, Bill (1986). World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens. p. 160.
External linksedit
. Wolverhampton Museum of Industry. Archived from the original on 1 June 2008.
. Wolverhampton Museum of Industry. Archived from the original on 15 February 2008.
January 01, 1970
sunbeam, crusader, originally, known, sunbeam, sunbeam, sunbeam, variations, engine, also, have, been, referred, sunbeam, sunbeam, early, british, side, valve, water, cooled, aero, engine, first, marketed, 1913, crusader, type, degree, water, cooled, piston, e. The Sunbeam Crusader originally known as the Sunbeam 150 hp Sunbeam 110 hp or Sunbeam 100 hp variations on the engine may also have been referred to as Sunbeam 120 hp or Sunbeam 135 hp was an early British side valve water cooled V 8 aero engine first marketed in 1913 1 Crusader Type V 8 90 degree water cooled piston engine National origin United Kingdom Manufacturer Sunbeam 1 Designer Louis Coatalen 1 First run December 1912 1 Produced 1912 July 1916 1 Number built 228 1 Contents 1 Design and development 2 Variants 3 Applications 4 Specifications 150hp Crusader 4 1 General characteristics 4 2 Components 4 3 Performance 5 See also 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 Further reading 9 External linksDesign and development edit nbsp A Sunbeam Gurkha in the remains of a Short Type 184 at the Fleet Air Arm Museum While Frederick Rutland s aeroplane survived the First World War intact it was damaged by bombing during the Second World War The first aero engine from Louis Coatalen was the 110 hp a water cooled V 8 with side valve cylinders of 80mm 3 15 in bore and 150mm 5 9 in stroke The later versions of the engine which had 90mm 3 5 in bore cylinders were known as the 150 hp until the Sunbeam naming system labelled it the Crusader in 1917 The 80mm bore versions were produced in limited numbers mostly for civil use but later 90mm bore engines had limited success in civil applications with more than 226 built for military aircraft 1 Production examples were rated at 150 hp 112 kW at 2 000 rpm had a bore of 90mm 3 5 in stroke of 150mm 5 9 in two valves per cylinder and weighed 480 lb 220 kg dry The engine was used in a wide variety of British military aircraft during the first years of World War I most notably the Short 827 seaplane for which six of the original versions were ordered followed by 107 of the more powerful type Further development of the Crusader resulted in the Sunbeam Zulu and V 12 Sunbeam Mohawk and Sunbeam Gurkha 1 The Gurkha engine preserved at the Fleet Air Arm Museum Yeovilton Somerset England is the only surviving Sunbeam side valve engine in the UK It is installed in the Short 184 aircraft number 8359 that played a minor role in the Battle of Jutland at the end of May 1916 The pilot on that occasion was Flight Lieutenant Frederick Rutland who was ever after known as Rutland of Jutland Variants edit nbsp A Sunbeam Mohawk on display at the Polish Aviation Museum 110 hp Early versions of the V 8 side valve engine with 80mm 3 15in bore variations were rated at 100 hp 75 kW 110 hp 82 kW and 120 hp 89 kW 1 150 hp Introduced late in 1914 the 90mm 3 5in bore versions were referred to as the 150hp and could be rated at 135 hp 101 kW or 150 hp 112 kW 1 160 hp Original designation for the 100mm 3 94in bore Sunbeam Zulu derivative of the Crusader 1 200 hp Initial version of the V 12 Mohawk built with 80mm 3 15in bore developing 200 hp 149 kW The Admiralty required more powerful engines than the Crusader so Coatalen designed the Sunbeam 225 hp 168 kW as a 60 degree V 12 using blocks of three cylinders instead of the twin cylinder blocks of the Crusader 1 225 hp Production versions built with 90mm 3 5in bore rated at 225 hp 168 kW Short seaplanes using this engine were often called 225s During 1917 this engine was re named as the Sunbeam Mohawk 1 Crusader The name Crusader was applied to the engine in 1917 after production had ceased and officially referred only to the later 150hp version 1 Zulu Outwardly identical to the Crusader the Zulu was developed during 1915 the bore was increased from 90 mm to 100 mm and the reduction gear ratio was changed to 1 86 1 allowing the engine to develop 160 hp 119 kW at 2000 rpm 75 Zulus were built 1 Mohawk The Mohawk was the Sunbeam 225hp re named 1 Gurkha The Gurkha was developed as a replacement for the Mohawk with a bore of 100 mm 3 94in and the gear ratio was reduced to 1 86 1 giving 240 hp 179 kW at 2000 rpm Production ended in October 1916 after 74 units had been supplied to power the Short 184 seaplanes of the Royal Naval Air Service 1 Applications editData from Sunbeam Aero Engines 1 Avro 510 Avro 519 Avro 523 Pike Zulu Avro 527 Blackburn GP Coastal class airship Crusader and Zulu Curtiss H 4 Curtiss R 2 Maurice Farman Longhorn Sunbeam 110hp Handley Page Type O two ordered 28 December 1914 1372 and 1373 but later cancelled Radley England waterplane No 2 Sunbeam 110hp Royal Aircraft Factory RE 5 Short Type 184 Gurkha Short Type 827 Crusader and Zulu Sikorsky Ilya Mourometz Sopwith Type 806 Gunbus 110hp amp 150hp Grigorovich MK 1 third engine replaced by a 140 hp 100 kW Hispano Suiza engine Specifications 150hp Crusader editData from Sunbeam Aero Engines 1 General characteristics Type V 8 side valve water cooled piston engine Bore 90mm 3 5in Stroke 150mm 5 9in Displacement 7 6l 464cu in Length 1 219mm 48in Width 838mm 33in Height 759 5mm 29 9in Dry weight 218kg 480lb dry 286kg 630lb running Designer Louis Coatalen Components Valvetrain Push rod operated side valve two valves per cyl Fuel system 2x Claudel Hobson CZ 42mm carburettors Cooling system water cooled by radiator Performance Power output 150 hp 112 kW at 2 000 rpmSee also editComparable engines Hispano Suiza 8 Wolseley Viper Related lists List of aircraft enginesReferences edit a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Brew Alec 1998 Sunbeam Aero engines Shrewsbury Airlife Publishing ISBN 1 84037 023 8 Bibliography editBrew Alec Sunbeam Aero Engines Airlife Publishing Shrewsbury ISBN 1 84037 023 8Further reading editGunston Bill 1986 World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines Wellingborough Patrick Stephens p 160 External links edit Sunbeam Side Valve Engines Wolverhampton Museum of Industry Archived from the original on 1 June 2008 Sunbeam Aircraft and Aero Engines Wolverhampton Museum of Industry Archived from the original on 15 February 2008 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sunbeam Crusader amp oldid 1209342633, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
