In the early 1930s Suiyuan was occupied by the Shanxi warlord Yan Xishan, who mined Suiyuan's iron, reorganized the province's finances, and brought over 4,000 acres (16 km2) of land under cultivation for the first time. Most of the work and settlement of Suiyuan at this time was done by Shanxi farmer-soldiers under the direction of retired officers from Yan's army. Yan's control of Suiyuan was sufficient to cause one visiting reporter to refer to Suiyuan as a "colony" of Shanxi.[1]
During the Chinese Civil War in 1935, Communist leader Mao Zedong promised Mongol leaders a "unified autonomous" administration which would include all "historic" Mongol lands within China, in exchange for Mongol support against the Kuomintang. This promise included the declaration that, "Under no circumstances should other [non-Mongol ethnic groups] be allowed to occupy the land of the Inner Mongolian nation". However, following the communist victory in 1949, the administrators of the soon-to-be "Mongolian" territories with Han Chinese majorities, the biggest of which was Suiyuan with a population of over 2 million, resisted annexation by the new Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In 1954, Mao reached a compromise with Suiyuan, which involved the Mongols' taking over the administration of Suiyuan, but stipulated that the Han natives not be expelled from the territory. Uradyn Bulag thus notes that "ironically", the Mongols' territorial ambitions against Suiyuan resulted in their becoming a "small minority within their own [enlarged] autonomous region".[2]
In popular cultureEdit
W. Douglas Burden references Suiyuan in his book Look to the Wilderness, in the chapter "On the Sino-Mongolian Frontier".[3]
^Gillin, Donald G. Warlord: Yen Hsi-shan in Shansi Province 1911-1949. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 1967. Page 128
^Bulag, Uradyn (2010). "Alter/native Mongolian identity". In Perry, Elizabeth; Selden, Mark (eds.). Chinese Society: Change, Conflict, and Resistance. Taylor & Francis. pp. 266–268.
^Burden, W. Douglas (1956). Look to the Wilderness. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. pp. 87–109.
suiyuan, chinese, 綏遠, pinyin, suíyuǎn, historical, province, china, capital, guisui, hohhot, abbreviation, pinyin, suí, area, covered, approximated, today, prefecture, level, cities, hohhot, baotou, wuhai, ordos, bayan, parts, ulanqab, today, part, inner, mong. Suiyuan Chinese 綏遠 pinyin Suiyuǎn was a historical province of China Suiyuan s capital was Guisui now Hohhot The abbreviation was 綏 pinyin sui The area Suiyuan covered is approximated today by the prefecture level cities of Hohhot Baotou Wuhai Ordos Bayan Nur and parts of Ulanqab all today part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Suiyuan was named after a district in the capital established in the Qing Dynasty Suiyuan Province綏遠省Province of ChinaSuiyuan as claimed by the Republic of ChinaCapitalGuisui Hohhot Population 19492 000 000 HistoryHistory Established as a province of the ROC1928 Reorganised as a province of the PRC1949 Incorporated into the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region1954Preceded by Succeeded bySuiyuan Special Administrative Region Inner MongoliaIn the early 1930s Suiyuan was occupied by the Shanxi warlord Yan Xishan who mined Suiyuan s iron reorganized the province s finances and brought over 4 000 acres 16 km2 of land under cultivation for the first time Most of the work and settlement of Suiyuan at this time was done by Shanxi farmer soldiers under the direction of retired officers from Yan s army Yan s control of Suiyuan was sufficient to cause one visiting reporter to refer to Suiyuan as a colony of Shanxi 1 The Suiyuan campaign took place in Suiyuan during the Second Sino Japanese War It became a part of the puppet state of Mengjiang from 1937 to 1945 under Japanese rule During the Chinese Civil War in 1935 Communist leader Mao Zedong promised Mongol leaders a unified autonomous administration which would include all historic Mongol lands within China in exchange for Mongol support against the Kuomintang This promise included the declaration that Under no circumstances should other non Mongol ethnic groups be allowed to occupy the land of the Inner Mongolian nation However following the communist victory in 1949 the administrators of the soon to be Mongolian territories with Han Chinese majorities the biggest of which was Suiyuan with a population of over 2 million resisted annexation by the new Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region In 1954 Mao reached a compromise with Suiyuan which involved the Mongols taking over the administration of Suiyuan but stipulated that the Han natives not be expelled from the territory Uradyn Bulag thus notes that ironically the Mongols territorial ambitions against Suiyuan resulted in their becoming a small minority within their own enlarged autonomous region 2 In popular culture EditW Douglas Burden references Suiyuan in his book Look to the Wilderness in the chapter On the Sino Mongolian Frontier 3 See also EditChinese irredentism TaiwanReferences Edit Gillin Donald G Warlord Yen Hsi shan in Shansi Province 1911 1949 Princeton New Jersey Princeton University Press 1967 Page 128 Bulag Uradyn 2010 Alter native Mongolian identity In Perry Elizabeth Selden Mark eds Chinese Society Change Conflict and Resistance Taylor amp Francis pp 266 268 Burden W Douglas 1956 Look to the Wilderness Boston Little Brown and Company pp 87 109 40 48 38 N 111 39 07 E 40 8106 N 111 652 E 40 8106 111 652 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Suiyuan amp oldid 1141398547, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
