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2021–22 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season

April 11, 2024

The 2021–22 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season featured the record latest start for the first system to develop. Despite the late start, it was an above-average season that produced 12 named storms, with 5 becoming tropical cyclones. The season began on 15 November 2021, and ended on 30 April 2022, with the exception for Mauritius and the Seychelles, for which it ended on 15 May 2022. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical and subtropical cyclones form in the basin, which is west of 90°E and south of the Equator. However, tropical cyclones that form at any time between 1 July 2021 and 30 June 2022 will count towards the season total. Tropical and subtropical cyclones in this basin are monitored by the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in Réunion and unofficially by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.

2021–22 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed20 January 2022
(record latest)
Last system dissipated7 May 2022
Strongest storm
NameBatsirai
 • Maximum winds205 km/h (125 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure923 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total disturbances13
Total depressions13
Total storms12
Tropical cyclones5
Intense tropical cyclones4
Very intense tropical cyclones0
Total fatalities376 total
Total damage$312 million (2022 USD)
Related articles
South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23, 2023–24

Seasonal summary edit

Cyclone GombeCyclone EmnatiTropical Storm DumakoCyclone BatsiraiTropical Storm Ana (2022)Tropical cyclone scales#Comparisons across basins
 
Intense Tropical Cyclone Vernon and Tropical Depression 08 interacting with each other by means of the Fujiwhara effect

The season's first storm, Moderate Tropical Storm Ana, formed as a zone of disturbed weather on 20 January 2022, marking the latest first system in a Southwest Indian Ocean cyclone season ever.[1][2] The second, and strongest storm of the season, Cyclone Batsirai, formed on 24 January, and became a long-lived and powerful storm. It cruised west, and eventually made landfall in Madagascar as a Category 3-equivalent storm. While Batsirai impacted Madagascar, Moderate Tropical Storm Cliff quickly formed but stayed out to sea. Continuing the active period of development, Tropical Storm Dumako formed, struggling to intensify and making landfall in Madagascar later.

Yet another storm, Cyclone Emnati, would strike extreme southern Madagascar as a Category 1-equivalent after peaking as a Category 4-equivalent beforehand. The third Intense Tropical Cyclone, Cyclone Vernon, passed into the basin as a Category 4-equivalent after very rapidly intensifying in the neighboring Australian region. The fourth Intense Tropical Cyclone, Gombe, formed off the coast of Madagascar on 5 March. Initially, the storm struggled to intensify beyond tropical storm status. After hitting Madagascar, Gombe emerged into the Mozambique Channel and rapidly intensified to a Category 3-equivalent cyclone. It then struck Mozambique, bringing heavy rainfall to the same area which Ana had hit a few weeks ago. After Gombe, Halima formed in the northeast of the basin on 21 March. It gradually intensified to an Intense Tropical Cyclone on 25 March, before dissipating later on 1 April. After, Subtropical Depression Issa formed just off the eastern coast of South Africa, an extremely rare phenomenon. It proved itself to be damaging and very deadly, killing hundreds due to catastrophic flooding. Finally, Jasmine formed near Comoros on 21 April before the landfall in Nampula and Zambezia province off the coast of Mozambique and rapidly intensified as Severe Tropical Storm. The storm made landfall in Toliara before it rapidly weakening to an overland depression, and dissipated on 27 April. In early May, Karim formed. Karim did not affect land and entered the Australian region on 7 May.

Systems edit

Severe Tropical Storm Ana edit

Severe tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration20 January – 25 January
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
987 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Tropical Storm Ana (2022)
See also: 2022 Antananarivo floods

On 20 January, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center began monitoring an area of convection approximately 378 nmi (700 km; 435 mi) from Mauritius, and gave a low chance for potential tropical cyclogenesis within the next 24 hours.[3] Early the next day, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) for the system, as it consolidated a well-defined low-level circulation center (LLCC).[4] Later at 12:00 UTC, the MFR declared the tropical low pressure system as a zone of disturbed weather, becoming the first system of the season.[5] Twelve hours later, the MFR upgraded it to a tropical disturbance,[6] before further upgrading it to a tropical depression by 06:00 UTC on 22 January.[7] Between 08:00 UTC and 09:00 UTC, the system's center crossed between Toamasina and Île Sainte-Marie as a tropical depression, with the MFR re-classifying the system as an overland depression.[8][9] Following landfall, the system weakened slightly, though its structure remained intact.[9] By the next day, the MFR re-classified it again as a tropical disturbance after entering the Mozambique Channel.[10] Six hours later, it re-intensified into a tropical depression, as it gradually regained its structure.[11] At 15:00 UTC that same day, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical cyclone and designated it 07S.[12] The system later intensified to a moderate tropical storm, with the MFR naming it Ana.[13] It then made landfall in Mozambique, and rapidly weakened, primarily due to friction in land mass.[14]

Despite being a weak system, Ana caused devastating floods in Madagascar, Malawi, and Mozambique, killing 115 people in total.[15][16][17] Before becoming a moderate tropical storm, Ana made landfall as a tropical depression in Madagascar, causing heavy rainfall which led to deadly landslides and floods; it caused 58 fatalities in the country.[15] An estimated 55,000 people had become homeless and 130,000 were forced to flee to temporary habitation centres.[18][19] In Mozambique, at least 20 people had died and 10,000 homes had been destroyed. An additional 20,000 were affected by the cyclone.[17][19] In Malawi, 200,000 people had been displaced and 37 fatalities had been reported, with additional 22 being missing.[16] Catastrophic flooding caused severe damages to infrastructure and powerlines, which led to severe power outages in the affected areas.[19] The Kapichira hydroelectric dam was badly damaged due to the flash floods. Because of this, the government of Malawi declared a state of natural disaster.[20]

Intense Tropical Cyclone Batsirai edit

Intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration24 January – 8 February
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min);
923 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Batsirai

On 23 January, the JTWC noted an area of convection over the eastern part of the basin, located approximately 493 nmi (913 km; 567 mi) from the Cocos Islands, and gave a low chance for potential tropical cyclogenesis.[21] However, by the next day, the agency issued a TCFA.[22] At 06:00 UTC on 26 January, the MFR upgraded the system to a tropical disturbance,[23] before the system intensified into a tropical depression on the next day.[24] The JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical cyclone at 03:00 UTC on 27 January.[25] Three hours later, the MFR upgraded it to a moderate tropical storm, naming it Batsirai.[26] Between 06:00 UTC and 12:00 UTC, Batsirai underwent rapid deepening and intensified from a moderate tropical storm to an intense tropical cyclone within three hours.[27] Two hours later, the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 2 tropical cyclone.[28] The system started to rapidly weaken after its eye quickly collapsed and the cloud tops had warmed, so the MFR downgraded it to a tropical cyclone.[29] At midnight on 28 January, it was further downgraded to a moderate tropical storm.[30] The JTWC subsequently followed suit and downgraded it to a tropical storm.[31]

Batsirai resumed its intensification after re-intensifying to a severe tropical storm status on the next day.[32] By January 30, the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 2 tropical cyclone once again.[33] The MFR further upgraded it to a tropical cyclone status at 12:00 UTC that same day.[34] Three hours later, the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 3 tropical cyclone.[35] However, it was short-lived, and it weakened to a Category 1 system on 1 February.[36][37] The system then restrengthened back to Category 2 status.[38] The MFR susbsequently upgraded Batsirai to an intense tropical cyclone.[39] By the next day, it went through another round of rapid intensification, strengthening from a Category 2 to a Category 4 tropical cyclone, according to the JTWC.[40] After reaching its peak at 12:00 UTC, satellite imagery depicted the formation of another eyewall, indicating the beginning of an eyewall replacement cycle.[41][42] It weakened to a Category 3 system during this time. After completing the eyewall replacement cycle, the storm again briefly intensified into a Category 4 system,[43] before it started to weaken again to a Category 3 system, due to land interaction with Madagascar.[44] At 17:30 UTC on 5 February, it made landfall close to the city of Nosy Varika. The MFR declared that Batsirai had degenerated into an overland depression, with the JTWC downgrading it to a tropical storm.[45][46] The system entered into the Mozambique Channel, where it re-intensified to a moderate tropical storm.[47] By 7 February, it weakened into a remnant low before transitioning into a post-tropical cyclone.[48][49] Despite fluctuating convective activity, high wind shear, and low sea surface temperatures, due to baroclinic forces, the MFR upgraded the system to a moderate tropical storm once more,[50] before issuing their last advisory on the storm by the next day as it again transitioned into a post-tropical cyclone.[51] The system was last noted on 11 February.[52]

Batsirai caused major impacts to Mauritius, Réunion, and Madagascar, caused $190 million in damages, and caused 123 people to die.[53][54][55] In Mauritius and Reunion, an estimated 43,500 homes lost power due to the storm. [56] A total of 138 people sought refuge in evacuation centers.[57] Power girds in Madagascar were also knocked out. Agricultural losses in Reunion amounted an estimated €47 million ($53.3 million).[58]

Moderate Tropical Storm Cliff edit

Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration3 February – 5 February
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
991 hPa (mbar)

On 31 January, the MFR reported the formation of a weak area of low pressure east of Cyclone Batsirai,[59] which the JTWC recognized as Invest 90S at 08:00 UTC of 2 February.[60] Two days later at 03:00 UTC, the JTWC issued a TCFA for the invest,[61] upgrading it to a tropical cyclone shortly after, noting the defined but obscured LLC.[62] At midday, the MFR followed, and declared the same low as a tropical depression.[63] Later in the evening, the MFR upgraded it to a moderate tropical storm and was given the name Cliff.[64] By midnight of 5 February, Cliff weakened as it lost organization, with its convection being displaced south of its LLC.[65] By 06:00 UTC, Cliff further weakened due to an intrusion of dry air and further strengthening of northwesterly wind shear.[66] Six hours later, the MFR issued its last bulletin and declared it as a "filling up" low.[67] On the next day at 21:00 UTC, the JTWC also issued its final warning on Cliff.[68] The remnants of Cliff meandered in the open-sea and briefly passed west of the Reunion island on 11 February,[69] dissipating completely on 12 February.[70]

Moderate Tropical Storm Dumako edit

Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration10 February – 18 February
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
993 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Tropical Storm Dumako

On 10 February, MFR began monitoring an area of disturbed weather,[71] with the JTWC designating the system as an invest a day later.[72] By 12 February, it had been upgraded to a tropical disturbance by MFR, before being upgraded to a tropical depression later that day.[71] The JTWC assessed that the system had developed into a tropical cyclone on 13 February, giving it the designation 12S.[73] MFR upgraded the system to a moderate tropical storm later that day, being given the name Dumako by the Mauritius Meteorological Service.[74] By 14 February at 00:00 UTC, MFR estimated Dumako to have peaked in intensity, with maximum 10-minute sustained winds of 85 kilometres per hour (50 mph) and a minimum central pressure of 993 hPa (29.32 inHg).[71] Dumako continued westward, and by the next day, it had made landfall near Sainte-Marie Island.[75] MFR downgraded Dumako to a tropical depression later that day,[71] with the JTWC doing the same at 00:00 UTC on 16 February.[76] Dumako re-emerged over water on the same day,[77] before being assessed to have lost tropical depression status by MFR on 17 February. Dumako dissipated on 18 February as it made landfall over Mozambique close to the city of Quelimane.[71]

14 people died as a result of Dumako, with four thousand people having been displaced.[78]

Intense Tropical Cyclone Emnati edit

Intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration15 February – 24 February
Peak intensity175 km/h (110 mph) (10-min);
935 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Emnati

Emnati initially developed as a zone of disturbed weather, where it moved westwards over the open waters in Indian Ocean. Environmental conditions were assessed as being marginally conducive for tropical cyclogenesis, with the disturbance being located about 420 nautical miles (780 km; 480 mi) south of Diego Garcia.[79][80] On the same day, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert for the system, and by 21:00 UTC, the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Cyclone 13S.[81] The next day, the system organized into a tropical disturbance.[82] The system continued organizing, and at 12:00 UTC, MFR upgraded the system to a tropical depression.[83] By 17 February, the MFR reported that the system had become a moderate tropical storm, and the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center in Mauritius named it Emnati.[84][85] It underwent a period of rapid intensification, gaining hurricane-force winds according to the JTWC, before ceasing intensification due to cool waters upwelled by Cyclone Batsirai. Its intensity fluctuated for two days, before undergoing another period of rapid intensification on 20 February to become a Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone. Continuing to intensify, at 12:00 UTC of the same day, the cyclone peaked as an intense tropical cyclone, with the MFR estimating 10-minute sustained winds of 175 kilometres per hour (110 mph) with a minimum central pressure of 940 hPa. The JTWC estimated it to have peaked as a Category 4-equivalent tropical cyclone with 1-minute sustained winds of 215 kilometres per hour (130 mph). Shortly after reaching its peak intensity, due to the upwelled sea and an eyewall replacement cycle, the storm began to weaken below intense tropical cyclone intensity by 06:00 UTC on the next day. Similarly, the land interaction with Madagascar affected the storm's overall structure. At 23:00 UTC on 22 February, the storm made landfall near Manakara with winds of 120 kilometres per hour (75 mph) according to both MFR and the JTWC. Weakening slowly, it entered into the Mozambique channel at 21:00 UTC of the next day. Due to cooler waters and very high wind shear, it began to transition into a subtropical cyclone, with the JTWC issued its final warning at 21:00 UTC on 24 February and MFR doing the same six hours earlier.[citation needed]

Emnati caused impacts to Mauritius, Réunion, and Madagascar, about $15 million in damages, and caused 15 deaths.[86]

Severe Tropical Storm Fezile edit

Severe tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration16 February (Entered basin) – 18 February
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
978 hPa (mbar)

During 16 February, the MFR reported that a low-pressure system which was labelled as Tropical Low 19U by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology entered the basin. The agency re-assessed it as Zone of Disturbed Weather 06, with the system having an ill-defined center and fluctuating convection.[87] On the same day, the JTWC issued a TCFA following deepening of the system's convective bands and the organization of its LLC.[88] After maintaining the same intensity for two days, the system intensified into a moderate tropical storm at midnight of 18 February. The Mauritius Meteorological Service named the storm as Fezile. The system's cloud pattern rapidly organized, with numerous satellite imagery depicting the formation of curved bands.[89] However, three hours later, the JTWC cancelled its TCFA as the system started its subtropical transition,[90] with the MFR noting its convective structure weakening and being continuously sheared by 06:00 UTC.[91] Fezile's structure was affected by wind shear,[92] until later that evening, when Fezile became a post-tropical cyclone and began extratropical transition.[93] Fezile completely dissipated shortly after.[94]

Intense Tropical Cyclone Vernon edit

Intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration26 February (Entered basin) – 3 March
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min);
940 hPa (mbar)

On 26 February, when Vernon entered the MFR's area of responsibility (AoR), it was assessed as an intense tropical cyclone on the SWIO scale, with maximum 10-minute sustained winds of 195 km/h (120 mph) and a central atmospheric pressure of 950 hPa (28.47 inHg).[95][96]At this time, the JTWC subsequently reported that the cyclone reached Category 4-equivalent status on the Saffir–Simpson scale. This was short-lived, however, as it began a Fujiwhara interaction with Tropical Depression 08 to its northwest, causing it to weaken rapidly to a tropical storm. Maintaining its intensity, it soon entered into favourable conditions in which the storm peaked again as a severe tropical storm according to MFR, with winds estimated at 95 kilometres per hour (60 mph). However, by 2 March, it began to undergo subtropical transition as it entered lower latitudes, and the JTWC issued its final warning on 21:00 UTC of the same day. The MFR tracked the system until 18:00 UTC of 3 March.[citation needed]

Moderate Tropical Storm 08 edit

Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration23 February – 26 February
(Out of basin from 26-27 February)
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 08 initially formed on 23 February as a low-pressure area, which was located very close to Cyclone Vernon.[97] Two days later, the JTWC started to monitor the same disturbance as Invest 93S.[98] At 06:00 UTC of 27 February, the MFR upgraded it to a tropical depression as it orbited near Vernon.[97] After maintaining its convection for a day, the MFR issued its last advisory for Tropical Depression 08, as it underwent a Fujiwhara interaction with Vernon. Its convection had decayed and its low-level center had become ill-defined as a result of the interaction,[99] and due to this, the JTWC had also stopped monitoring the invest on the next day.[100] In post-analysis, MFR upgraded the system to Moderate Tropical Storm 08.[101]

Tropical Cyclone Gombe edit

Tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration5 March – 17 March
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min);
955 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclone Gombe

On 6 March, the MFR began to monitor a zone of disturbed weather located approximately 280 nmi (520 km; 320 mi) from Mauritius, moving northward.[102] The JTWC later tagged the system as Invest 97S, and issued a TCFA for the storm at 11:40 UTC on 6 March.[103] The next day, the MFR upgraded it to a tropical depression on 12:00 UTC, with it being named Moderate Tropical Storm Gombe six hours later. The JTWC followed, upgrading Gombe to a tropical storm with winds of 35 kn (65 km/h; 40 mph) at 18:00 UTC on 7 March.[104][105] The MFR re-classified Gombe as an overland depression at 06:00 UTC as it made landfall in northern Madagascar on 8 March,[106] and the JTWC downgraded the storm to a tropical depression.[107] 24 hours later, Gombe emerged over the Mozambique Channel, and strengthened back to a tropical storm.[108] Gombe gradually re-developed its structure, and then intensified to a high-end tropical storm late on 9 March, and gained Category 1-equivalent winds by 06:00 UTC on 10 March.[109] As it neared landfall on Nampula Province, it underwent rapid intensification and strengthened from 65 to 100 kn (120 to 185 km/h; 75 to 115 mph) in 18 hours.[110] The MFR upgraded Gombe to the fourth Intense Tropical Cyclone of the year at the same time.[111] Following Gombe's landfall in Mozambique, it proceeded to lose most of its convection the next day. The MFR downgraded the storm to an Overland Depression for the second time on 06:00 UTC on 11 March.[112] In the technical bulletin released on 17 March by the MFR, the agency noted that what was left of Gombe reorganized itself into a tropical depression in the Mozambique channel.[113] Later that day, however, the MFR issued their final bulletin on the storm.

Mozambique was particularly hard-hit by Gombe, with approximately 736,000 people directly affected. A total of 63 people died and 108 others were injured in the country.[114]

Intense Tropical Cyclone Halima edit

Intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
   
Duration20 March – 1 April
Peak intensity195 km/h (120 mph) (10-min);
939 hPa (mbar)

In a bulletin released by the MFR on 21 March, a climate disturbance zone was detected in the northeast of the agency's area of responsibility. The area organized and became a tropical depression, being designated 10.[115] The system underwent tropical cyclogenesis on the morning of 23 March, and was subsequently upgraded to a moderate tropical storm, being given the name Halima by the MFR.[116] The storm again intensified on the afternoon of 24 March, and the MFR upgraded it to a severe tropical storm.[117] At 18:00 UTC of the same day, the MFR released another technical bulletin, informing that the low pressure intensified into a Category 1 equivalent tropical cyclone.[118] On the morning of 25 March, Halima strengthened to an intense tropical cyclone according to the MFR.[119] Halima would then slowly weaken and dissipating on 1 April without affecting land.[citation needed]

Subtropical Depression Issa edit

Subtropical depression (MFR)
Subtropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration12 April – 13 April
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
993 hPa (mbar)
See also: 2022 KwaZulu-Natal floods

On 11 April, a low pressure area evolved near the southeast coast of South Africa from the interaction of an upper-level trough and warmer air near the surface. With warm ocean temperatures and low wind shear, the low developed intense thunderstorms which wrapped around a tight circulation, and dropped heavy rainfall in eastern South Africa. On 12 April, the MFR designated the low as Subtropical Depression Issa, based on the system's structure and the presence of gale-force winds. Issa moved slowly to the south at first,[120] strengthening to reach 10-minute sustained winds of 95 km/h (60 mph) late on 12 April. At its peak, the storm had an eye-like feature in the middle of a symmetrical area of thunderstorms.[121] On 13 April, the JTWC classified this system as a subtropical storm in an unofficial bulletin.[122] Issa turned to the north back toward the South African coast due to the trough in the region.[123] Increased wind shear and dry air stripped away the thunderstorms near the center, weakening the storm, and causing the MFR to discontinue advisories on 13 April.[124]

Issa exacerbated catastrophic floodings in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, that killed 435 people.[125][126]

Severe Tropical Storm Jasmine edit

Severe tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration21 April – 27 April
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

At 06:00 UTC on 22 April, the MFR released a bulletin detecting a weather disturbance zone near Comoros and it was designated 12.[127] The system shifted and gained strength in the afternoon of the same day reaching "tropical disturbance" status.[128] The JTWC also released an unofficial bulletin on the low-pressure system, designating it as Invest 97S.[129] The cyclone made landfall in Nampula, off the coast of Mozambique.[130] The storm reentered into the Mozambique channel two days later, it intensified and reached the status of "moderate tropical storm", thus earning the name Jasmine. It peaked as a Severe Tropical Storm with windspeed of 110 km/h according to MFR whereas the JTWC estimated a slightly lower windspeed of 100 km/h.[131] Soon reaching its peak intensity, it began to encounter low sea surface temperatures as well as high wind shear and baroclinic forces which commenced its weakening. With the same intensity on 26 April, the storm made landfall at Toliara and the MFR downgraded it into an overland depression.[132] On 27 April 2022, the MFR released a final bulletin, informing that Jasmine had lost its tropical characteristics and was downgraded to a low pressure common on the high seas.[133]

As a result of Jasmine, three people have died, and seven more have been reported missing.[134]

Moderate Tropical Storm Karim edit

Moderate tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
   
Duration5 May – 7 May (Exited basin)
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (10-min);
993 hPa (mbar)

During the first week of May, a strong pulse of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), Kelvin wave and Equatorial Rossby wave (ERW) prevailed in the Indian Ocean. Along with a westerly wind burst occurring, this resulted in a formation of twin tropical cyclones on either side of the equator, with the first system being Severe Cyclonic Storm Asani within the North Indian Ocean that impacted India.[135][136] The second tropical cyclone was first noted as a broad and weak circulation near the area of responsibility of TCWC Jakarta on 2 May.[135] Over the next few days, the system struggled to organize due to lack of convergence in the equator side and northeasterly constraint aloft.[137] On 5 May, the JTWC started to monitor the system, as it began organizing, with flaring deep convection wrapping to its broad low-level circulation center.[138] With an environment of fair poleward outflow and warm sea surface temperatures offset by moderate wind shear, the system continued to organize, which led to the JTWC issuing a TCFA on the next day.[139] The MFR subsequently initiated advisories on Zone of Disturbed Weather 13.[140] It organized into a tropical disturbance by 7 May, before it intensified into a moderate tropical storm by 06:00 UTC that same day, with the MFR naming it Karim.[141][142] The JTWC subsequently followed suit.[143] Karim then exited the basin, and entered the Australian region that same day.[144][145]

Storm names edit

Within the South-West Indian Ocean, tropical depressions and subtropical depressions that are judged to have 10-minute sustained wind speeds of 65 km/h (40 mph) by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center on Réunion island, France (RSMC La Réunion) are usually assigned a name. However, it is the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centers in Mauritius and Madagascar who name the systems. The Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center (Mauritius Meteorological Services) in Mauritius names a storm should it intensify into a moderate tropical storm between 55°E and 90°E. If instead a cyclone intensifies into a moderate tropical storm between 30°E and 55°E then the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center (Madagascar Meteorological Services) in Madagascar assigns the appropriate name to the storm. Storm names are taken from three pre-determined lists of names, which rotate on a triennial basis, with any names that have been used automatically removed. Therefore, all storm names used this year will be removed from the rotation and replaced with a new name for the 2024–25 season, while the unused names will remain on the list.[146] New names this season are: Ana, Batsirai, Cliff, Dumako, Emnati, Fezile, Gombe, Halima, Issa, Jasmine, Karim, and Letlama. They replaced Alcide, Bouchra, Cilida, Desmond, Eketsang, Funani, Gelena, Haleh, Idai, Joaninha, Kenneth, and Lorna after the 2018–19 season.

  • Jasmine
  • Karim
  • Letlama (unused)
  • Maipelo (unused)
  • Njazi (unused)
  • Oscar (unused)
  • Pamela (unused)
  • Quentin (unused)
  • Rajab (unused)
  • Savana (unused)
  • Themba (unused)
  • Uyapo (unused)
  • Viviane (unused)
  • Walter (unused)
  • Xangy (unused)
  • Yemurai (unused)
  • Zanele (unused)

If a tropical cyclone enters the South-West Indian basin from the Australian region basin (west of 90°E), it will retain the name assigned to it by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM). The following storms were named in this manner:

After the season, the eleven names used were automatically retired and replaced with Ancha, Bheki, Chido, Dikeledi, Elvis, Faida, Garance, Honde, Ivone, Jude and Kanto, respectively for the 2024–25 season.[147]

Season effects edit

This table lists all of the tropical cyclones and subtropical cyclones that were monitored during the 2021–2022 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. Information on their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, primarily comes from RSMC La Réunion. Death and damage reports come from either press reports or the relevant national disaster management agency while the damage totals are given in 2021 or 2022 USD.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
Ana 20–25 January Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) Mascarene Islands, Madagascar, Southern Africa $25 million 142 [15][16][17][148]
Batsirai 24 January – 8 February Intense tropical cyclone 205 km/h (125 mph) 923 hPa (27.26 inHg) Mauritius, Réunion, Madagascar $190 million 123 [53][54][55]
Cliff 3–5 February Moderate tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) None None None
Dumako 10–18 February Moderate tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Madagascar, Mozambique $1 million 14 [149]
Emnati 15–24 February Intense tropical cyclone 175 km/h (110 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Mauritius, Réunion, Madagascar $1 million 15 [86]
Fezile 16–18 February Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 978 hPa (28.88 inHg) None None None
Vernon 26 February – 3 March Intense tropical cyclone 205 km/h (125 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) None None None
08 23–26 February Moderate tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None
Gombe 5–17 March Tropical cyclone 155 km/h (100 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Madagascar, Mozambique, Malawi $95 million 72 [150][151][114]
Halima 20 March – 1 April Intense tropical cyclone 195 km/h (120 mph) 939 hPa (27.73 inHg) None None None
Issa 12–13 April Subtropical depression 95 km/h (60 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) South Africa Unknown Unknown
Jasmine 21–27 April Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Comoros, Mozambique, Madagascar Unknown 10 [152]
Karim 5–7 May Moderate tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) None None None
Season aggregates
13 systems 20 January – 7 May 205 km/h (125 mph) 923 hPa (27.26 inHg) $312 million 376

See also edit

References edit

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April 11, 2024
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This article may be confusing or unclear to readers In particular Some sections are hard to understand Please help clarify the article There might be a discussion about this on the talk page April 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message The 2021 22 South West Indian Ocean cyclone season featured the record latest start for the first system to develop Despite the late start it was an above average season that produced 12 named storms with 5 becoming tropical cyclones The season began on 15 November 2021 and ended on 30 April 2022 with the exception for Mauritius and the Seychelles for which it ended on 15 May 2022 These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical and subtropical cyclones form in the basin which is west of 90 E and south of the Equator However tropical cyclones that form at any time between 1 July 2021 and 30 June 2022 will count towards the season total Tropical and subtropical cyclones in this basin are monitored by the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in Reunion and unofficially by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center 2021 22 South West Indian Ocean cyclone seasonSeason summary mapSeasonal boundariesFirst system formed20 January 2022 record latest Last system dissipated7 May 2022Strongest stormNameBatsirai Maximum winds205 km h 125 mph 10 minute sustained Lowest pressure923 hPa mbar Seasonal statisticsTotal disturbances13Total depressions13Total storms12Tropical cyclones5Intense tropical cyclones4Very intense tropical cyclones0Total fatalities376 totalTotal damage 312 million 2022 USD Related articles2021 22 Australian region cyclone season 2021 22 South Pacific cyclone seasonSouth West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons2019 20 2020 21 2021 22 2022 23 2023 24 Contents 1 Seasonal summary 2 Systems 2 1 Severe Tropical Storm Ana 2 2 Intense Tropical Cyclone Batsirai 2 3 Moderate Tropical Storm Cliff 2 4 Moderate Tropical Storm Dumako 2 5 Intense Tropical Cyclone Emnati 2 6 Severe Tropical Storm Fezile 2 7 Intense Tropical Cyclone Vernon 2 8 Moderate Tropical Storm 08 2 9 Tropical Cyclone Gombe 2 10 Intense Tropical Cyclone Halima 2 11 Subtropical Depression Issa 2 12 Severe Tropical Storm Jasmine 2 13 Moderate Tropical Storm Karim 3 Storm names 4 Season effects 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksSeasonal summary edit nbsp Intense Tropical Cyclone Vernon and Tropical Depression 08 interacting with each other by means of the Fujiwhara effectThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed May 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message This section may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia s quality standards You can help The talk page may contain suggestions May 2022 The season s first storm Moderate Tropical Storm Ana formed as a zone of disturbed weather on 20 January 2022 marking the latest first system in a Southwest Indian Ocean cyclone season ever 1 2 The second and strongest storm of the season Cyclone Batsirai formed on 24 January and became a long lived and powerful storm It cruised west and eventually made landfall in Madagascar as a Category 3 equivalent storm While Batsirai impacted Madagascar Moderate Tropical Storm Cliff quickly formed but stayed out to sea Continuing the active period of development Tropical Storm Dumako formed struggling to intensify and making landfall in Madagascar later Yet another storm Cyclone Emnati would strike extreme southern Madagascar as a Category 1 equivalent after peaking as a Category 4 equivalent beforehand The third Intense Tropical Cyclone Cyclone Vernon passed into the basin as a Category 4 equivalent after very rapidly intensifying in the neighboring Australian region The fourth Intense Tropical Cyclone Gombe formed off the coast of Madagascar on 5 March Initially the storm struggled to intensify beyond tropical storm status After hitting Madagascar Gombe emerged into the Mozambique Channel and rapidly intensified to a Category 3 equivalent cyclone It then struck Mozambique bringing heavy rainfall to the same area which Ana had hit a few weeks ago After Gombe Halima formed in the northeast of the basin on 21 March It gradually intensified to an Intense Tropical Cyclone on 25 March before dissipating later on 1 April After Subtropical Depression Issa formed just off the eastern coast of South Africa an extremely rare phenomenon It proved itself to be damaging and very deadly killing hundreds due to catastrophic flooding Finally Jasmine formed near Comoros on 21 April before the landfall in Nampula and Zambezia province off the coast of Mozambique and rapidly intensified as Severe Tropical Storm The storm made landfall in Toliara before it rapidly weakening to an overland depression and dissipated on 27 April In early May Karim formed Karim did not affect land and entered the Australian region on 7 May Systems editSevere Tropical Storm Ana edit Severe tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration20 January 25 JanuaryPeak intensity95 km h 60 mph 10 min 987 hPa mbar Main article Tropical Storm Ana 2022 See also 2022 Antananarivo floods On 20 January the Joint Typhoon Warning Center began monitoring an area of convection approximately 378 nmi 700 km 435 mi from Mauritius and gave a low chance for potential tropical cyclogenesis within the next 24 hours 3 Early the next day the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert TCFA for the system as it consolidated a well defined low level circulation center LLCC 4 Later at 12 00 UTC the MFR declared the tropical low pressure system as a zone of disturbed weather becoming the first system of the season 5 Twelve hours later the MFR upgraded it to a tropical disturbance 6 before further upgrading it to a tropical depression by 06 00 UTC on 22 January 7 Between 08 00 UTC and 09 00 UTC the system s center crossed between Toamasina and Ile Sainte Marie as a tropical depression with the MFR re classifying the system as an overland depression 8 9 Following landfall the system weakened slightly though its structure remained intact 9 By the next day the MFR re classified it again as a tropical disturbance after entering the Mozambique Channel 10 Six hours later it re intensified into a tropical depression as it gradually regained its structure 11 At 15 00 UTC that same day the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical cyclone and designated it 07S 12 The system later intensified to a moderate tropical storm with the MFR naming it Ana 13 It then made landfall in Mozambique and rapidly weakened primarily due to friction in land mass 14 Despite being a weak system Ana caused devastating floods in Madagascar Malawi and Mozambique killing 115 people in total 15 16 17 Before becoming a moderate tropical storm Ana made landfall as a tropical depression in Madagascar causing heavy rainfall which led to deadly landslides and floods it caused 58 fatalities in the country 15 An estimated 55 000 people had become homeless and 130 000 were forced to flee to temporary habitation centres 18 19 In Mozambique at least 20 people had died and 10 000 homes had been destroyed An additional 20 000 were affected by the cyclone 17 19 In Malawi 200 000 people had been displaced and 37 fatalities had been reported with additional 22 being missing 16 Catastrophic flooding caused severe damages to infrastructure and powerlines which led to severe power outages in the affected areas 19 The Kapichira hydroelectric dam was badly damaged due to the flash floods Because of this the government of Malawi declared a state of natural disaster 20 Intense Tropical Cyclone Batsirai edit Intense tropical cyclone MFR Category 4 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration24 January 8 FebruaryPeak intensity205 km h 125 mph 10 min 923 hPa mbar Main article Cyclone Batsirai On 23 January the JTWC noted an area of convection over the eastern part of the basin located approximately 493 nmi 913 km 567 mi from the Cocos Islands and gave a low chance for potential tropical cyclogenesis 21 However by the next day the agency issued a TCFA 22 At 06 00 UTC on 26 January the MFR upgraded the system to a tropical disturbance 23 before the system intensified into a tropical depression on the next day 24 The JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical cyclone at 03 00 UTC on 27 January 25 Three hours later the MFR upgraded it to a moderate tropical storm naming it Batsirai 26 Between 06 00 UTC and 12 00 UTC Batsirai underwent rapid deepening and intensified from a moderate tropical storm to an intense tropical cyclone within three hours 27 Two hours later the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 2 tropical cyclone 28 The system started to rapidly weaken after its eye quickly collapsed and the cloud tops had warmed so the MFR downgraded it to a tropical cyclone 29 At midnight on 28 January it was further downgraded to a moderate tropical storm 30 The JTWC subsequently followed suit and downgraded it to a tropical storm 31 Batsirai resumed its intensification after re intensifying to a severe tropical storm status on the next day 32 By January 30 the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 2 tropical cyclone once again 33 The MFR further upgraded it to a tropical cyclone status at 12 00 UTC that same day 34 Three hours later the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 3 tropical cyclone 35 However it was short lived and it weakened to a Category 1 system on 1 February 36 37 The system then restrengthened back to Category 2 status 38 The MFR susbsequently upgraded Batsirai to an intense tropical cyclone 39 By the next day it went through another round of rapid intensification strengthening from a Category 2 to a Category 4 tropical cyclone according to the JTWC 40 After reaching its peak at 12 00 UTC satellite imagery depicted the formation of another eyewall indicating the beginning of an eyewall replacement cycle 41 42 It weakened to a Category 3 system during this time After completing the eyewall replacement cycle the storm again briefly intensified into a Category 4 system 43 before it started to weaken again to a Category 3 system due to land interaction with Madagascar 44 At 17 30 UTC on 5 February it made landfall close to the city of Nosy Varika The MFR declared that Batsirai had degenerated into an overland depression with the JTWC downgrading it to a tropical storm 45 46 The system entered into the Mozambique Channel where it re intensified to a moderate tropical storm 47 By 7 February it weakened into a remnant low before transitioning into a post tropical cyclone 48 49 Despite fluctuating convective activity high wind shear and low sea surface temperatures due to baroclinic forces the MFR upgraded the system to a moderate tropical storm once more 50 before issuing their last advisory on the storm by the next day as it again transitioned into a post tropical cyclone 51 The system was last noted on 11 February 52 Batsirai caused major impacts to Mauritius Reunion and Madagascar caused 190 million in damages and caused 123 people to die 53 54 55 In Mauritius and Reunion an estimated 43 500 homes lost power due to the storm 56 A total of 138 people sought refuge in evacuation centers 57 Power girds in Madagascar were also knocked out Agricultural losses in Reunion amounted an estimated 47 million 53 3 million 58 Moderate Tropical Storm Cliff edit Moderate tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration3 February 5 FebruaryPeak intensity85 km h 50 mph 10 min 991 hPa mbar On 31 January the MFR reported the formation of a weak area of low pressure east of Cyclone Batsirai 59 which the JTWC recognized as Invest 90S at 08 00 UTC of 2 February 60 Two days later at 03 00 UTC the JTWC issued a TCFA for the invest 61 upgrading it to a tropical cyclone shortly after noting the defined but obscured LLC 62 At midday the MFR followed and declared the same low as a tropical depression 63 Later in the evening the MFR upgraded it to a moderate tropical storm and was given the name Cliff 64 By midnight of 5 February Cliff weakened as it lost organization with its convection being displaced south of its LLC 65 By 06 00 UTC Cliff further weakened due to an intrusion of dry air and further strengthening of northwesterly wind shear 66 Six hours later the MFR issued its last bulletin and declared it as a filling up low 67 On the next day at 21 00 UTC the JTWC also issued its final warning on Cliff 68 The remnants of Cliff meandered in the open sea and briefly passed west of the Reunion island on 11 February 69 dissipating completely on 12 February 70 Moderate Tropical Storm Dumako edit Moderate tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration10 February 18 FebruaryPeak intensity85 km h 50 mph 10 min 993 hPa mbar Main article Tropical Storm Dumako On 10 February MFR began monitoring an area of disturbed weather 71 with the JTWC designating the system as an invest a day later 72 By 12 February it had been upgraded to a tropical disturbance by MFR before being upgraded to a tropical depression later that day 71 The JTWC assessed that the system had developed into a tropical cyclone on 13 February giving it the designation 12S 73 MFR upgraded the system to a moderate tropical storm later that day being given the name Dumako by the Mauritius Meteorological Service 74 By 14 February at 00 00 UTC MFR estimated Dumako to have peaked in intensity with maximum 10 minute sustained winds of 85 kilometres per hour 50 mph and a minimum central pressure of 993 hPa 29 32 inHg 71 Dumako continued westward and by the next day it had made landfall near Sainte Marie Island 75 MFR downgraded Dumako to a tropical depression later that day 71 with the JTWC doing the same at 00 00 UTC on 16 February 76 Dumako re emerged over water on the same day 77 before being assessed to have lost tropical depression status by MFR on 17 February Dumako dissipated on 18 February as it made landfall over Mozambique close to the city of Quelimane 71 14 people died as a result of Dumako with four thousand people having been displaced 78 Intense Tropical Cyclone Emnati edit Intense tropical cyclone MFR Category 4 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration15 February 24 FebruaryPeak intensity175 km h 110 mph 10 min 935 hPa mbar Main article Cyclone Emnati This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed April 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Emnati initially developed as a zone of disturbed weather where it moved westwards over the open waters in Indian Ocean Environmental conditions were assessed as being marginally conducive for tropical cyclogenesis with the disturbance being located about 420 nautical miles 780 km 480 mi south of Diego Garcia 79 80 On the same day the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert for the system and by 21 00 UTC the JTWC initiated advisories on the system and classified it as Tropical Cyclone 13S 81 The next day the system organized into a tropical disturbance 82 The system continued organizing and at 12 00 UTC MFR upgraded the system to a tropical depression 83 By 17 February the MFR reported that the system had become a moderate tropical storm and the Sub Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center in Mauritius named it Emnati 84 85 It underwent a period of rapid intensification gaining hurricane force winds according to the JTWC before ceasing intensification due to cool waters upwelled by Cyclone Batsirai Its intensity fluctuated for two days before undergoing another period of rapid intensification on 20 February to become a Category 3 equivalent tropical cyclone Continuing to intensify at 12 00 UTC of the same day the cyclone peaked as an intense tropical cyclone with the MFR estimating 10 minute sustained winds of 175 kilometres per hour 110 mph with a minimum central pressure of 940 hPa The JTWC estimated it to have peaked as a Category 4 equivalent tropical cyclone with 1 minute sustained winds of 215 kilometres per hour 130 mph Shortly after reaching its peak intensity due to the upwelled sea and an eyewall replacement cycle the storm began to weaken below intense tropical cyclone intensity by 06 00 UTC on the next day Similarly the land interaction with Madagascar affected the storm s overall structure At 23 00 UTC on 22 February the storm made landfall near Manakara with winds of 120 kilometres per hour 75 mph according to both MFR and the JTWC Weakening slowly it entered into the Mozambique channel at 21 00 UTC of the next day Due to cooler waters and very high wind shear it began to transition into a subtropical cyclone with the JTWC issued its final warning at 21 00 UTC on 24 February and MFR doing the same six hours earlier citation needed Emnati caused impacts to Mauritius Reunion and Madagascar about 15 million in damages and caused 15 deaths 86 Severe Tropical Storm Fezile edit Severe tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration16 February Entered basin 18 FebruaryPeak intensity95 km h 60 mph 10 min 978 hPa mbar During 16 February the MFR reported that a low pressure system which was labelled as Tropical Low 19U by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology entered the basin The agency re assessed it as Zone of Disturbed Weather 06 with the system having an ill defined center and fluctuating convection 87 On the same day the JTWC issued a TCFA following deepening of the system s convective bands and the organization of its LLC 88 After maintaining the same intensity for two days the system intensified into a moderate tropical storm at midnight of 18 February The Mauritius Meteorological Service named the storm as Fezile The system s cloud pattern rapidly organized with numerous satellite imagery depicting the formation of curved bands 89 However three hours later the JTWC cancelled its TCFA as the system started its subtropical transition 90 with the MFR noting its convective structure weakening and being continuously sheared by 06 00 UTC 91 Fezile s structure was affected by wind shear 92 until later that evening when Fezile became a post tropical cyclone and began extratropical transition 93 Fezile completely dissipated shortly after 94 Intense Tropical Cyclone Vernon edit Intense tropical cyclone MFR Category 3 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration26 February Entered basin 3 MarchPeak intensity205 km h 125 mph 10 min 940 hPa mbar This section needs to be updated Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information April 2022 This section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed April 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message On 26 February when Vernon entered the MFR s area of responsibility AoR it was assessed as an intense tropical cyclone on the SWIO scale with maximum 10 minute sustained winds of 195 km h 120 mph and a central atmospheric pressure of 950 hPa 28 47 inHg 95 96 At this time the JTWC subsequently reported that the cyclone reached Category 4 equivalent status on the Saffir Simpson scale This was short lived however as it began a Fujiwhara interaction with Tropical Depression 08 to its northwest causing it to weaken rapidly to a tropical storm Maintaining its intensity it soon entered into favourable conditions in which the storm peaked again as a severe tropical storm according to MFR with winds estimated at 95 kilometres per hour 60 mph However by 2 March it began to undergo subtropical transition as it entered lower latitudes and the JTWC issued its final warning on 21 00 UTC of the same day The MFR tracked the system until 18 00 UTC of 3 March citation needed Moderate Tropical Storm 08 edit Moderate tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration23 February 26 February Out of basin from 26 27 February Peak intensity75 km h 45 mph 10 min 995 hPa mbar Tropical Depression 08 initially formed on 23 February as a low pressure area which was located very close to Cyclone Vernon 97 Two days later the JTWC started to monitor the same disturbance as Invest 93S 98 At 06 00 UTC of 27 February the MFR upgraded it to a tropical depression as it orbited near Vernon 97 After maintaining its convection for a day the MFR issued its last advisory for Tropical Depression 08 as it underwent a Fujiwhara interaction with Vernon Its convection had decayed and its low level center had become ill defined as a result of the interaction 99 and due to this the JTWC had also stopped monitoring the invest on the next day 100 In post analysis MFR upgraded the system to Moderate Tropical Storm 08 101 Tropical Cyclone Gombe edit Tropical cyclone MFR Category 3 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration5 March 17 MarchPeak intensity155 km h 100 mph 10 min 955 hPa mbar Main article Cyclone Gombe On 6 March the MFR began to monitor a zone of disturbed weather located approximately 280 nmi 520 km 320 mi from Mauritius moving northward 102 The JTWC later tagged the system as Invest 97S and issued a TCFA for the storm at 11 40 UTC on 6 March 103 The next day the MFR upgraded it to a tropical depression on 12 00 UTC with it being named Moderate Tropical Storm Gombe six hours later The JTWC followed upgrading Gombe to a tropical storm with winds of 35 kn 65 km h 40 mph at 18 00 UTC on 7 March 104 105 The MFR re classified Gombe as an overland depression at 06 00 UTC as it made landfall in northern Madagascar on 8 March 106 and the JTWC downgraded the storm to a tropical depression 107 24 hours later Gombe emerged over the Mozambique Channel and strengthened back to a tropical storm 108 Gombe gradually re developed its structure and then intensified to a high end tropical storm late on 9 March and gained Category 1 equivalent winds by 06 00 UTC on 10 March 109 As it neared landfall on Nampula Province it underwent rapid intensification and strengthened from 65 to 100 kn 120 to 185 km h 75 to 115 mph in 18 hours 110 The MFR upgraded Gombe to the fourth Intense Tropical Cyclone of the year at the same time 111 Following Gombe s landfall in Mozambique it proceeded to lose most of its convection the next day The MFR downgraded the storm to an Overland Depression for the second time on 06 00 UTC on 11 March 112 In the technical bulletin released on 17 March by the MFR the agency noted that what was left of Gombe reorganized itself into a tropical depression in the Mozambique channel 113 Later that day however the MFR issued their final bulletin on the storm Mozambique was particularly hard hit by Gombe with approximately 736 000 people directly affected A total of 63 people died and 108 others were injured in the country 114 Intense Tropical Cyclone Halima edit Intense tropical cyclone MFR Category 4 tropical cyclone SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration20 March 1 AprilPeak intensity195 km h 120 mph 10 min 939 hPa mbar In a bulletin released by the MFR on 21 March a climate disturbance zone was detected in the northeast of the agency s area of responsibility The area organized and became a tropical depression being designated 10 115 The system underwent tropical cyclogenesis on the morning of 23 March and was subsequently upgraded to a moderate tropical storm being given the name Halima by the MFR 116 The storm again intensified on the afternoon of 24 March and the MFR upgraded it to a severe tropical storm 117 At 18 00 UTC of the same day the MFR released another technical bulletin informing that the low pressure intensified into a Category 1 equivalent tropical cyclone 118 On the morning of 25 March Halima strengthened to an intense tropical cyclone according to the MFR 119 Halima would then slowly weaken and dissipating on 1 April without affecting land citation needed Subtropical Depression Issa edit Subtropical depression MFR Subtropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration12 April 13 AprilPeak intensity95 km h 60 mph 10 min 993 hPa mbar See also 2022 KwaZulu Natal floods On 11 April a low pressure area evolved near the southeast coast of South Africa from the interaction of an upper level trough and warmer air near the surface With warm ocean temperatures and low wind shear the low developed intense thunderstorms which wrapped around a tight circulation and dropped heavy rainfall in eastern South Africa On 12 April the MFR designated the low as Subtropical Depression Issa based on the system s structure and the presence of gale force winds Issa moved slowly to the south at first 120 strengthening to reach 10 minute sustained winds of 95 km h 60 mph late on 12 April At its peak the storm had an eye like feature in the middle of a symmetrical area of thunderstorms 121 On 13 April the JTWC classified this system as a subtropical storm in an unofficial bulletin 122 Issa turned to the north back toward the South African coast due to the trough in the region 123 Increased wind shear and dry air stripped away the thunderstorms near the center weakening the storm and causing the MFR to discontinue advisories on 13 April 124 Issa exacerbated catastrophic floodings in KwaZulu Natal South Africa that killed 435 people 125 126 Severe Tropical Storm Jasmine edit Severe tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration21 April 27 AprilPeak intensity110 km h 70 mph 10 min 985 hPa mbar At 06 00 UTC on 22 April the MFR released a bulletin detecting a weather disturbance zone near Comoros and it was designated 12 127 The system shifted and gained strength in the afternoon of the same day reaching tropical disturbance status 128 The JTWC also released an unofficial bulletin on the low pressure system designating it as Invest 97S 129 The cyclone made landfall in Nampula off the coast of Mozambique 130 The storm reentered into the Mozambique channel two days later it intensified and reached the status of moderate tropical storm thus earning the name Jasmine It peaked as a Severe Tropical Storm with windspeed of 110 km h according to MFR whereas the JTWC estimated a slightly lower windspeed of 100 km h 131 Soon reaching its peak intensity it began to encounter low sea surface temperatures as well as high wind shear and baroclinic forces which commenced its weakening With the same intensity on 26 April the storm made landfall at Toliara and the MFR downgraded it into an overland depression 132 On 27 April 2022 the MFR released a final bulletin informing that Jasmine had lost its tropical characteristics and was downgraded to a low pressure common on the high seas 133 As a result of Jasmine three people have died and seven more have been reported missing 134 Moderate Tropical Storm Karim edit Moderate tropical storm MFR Tropical storm SSHWS nbsp nbsp Duration5 May 7 May Exited basin Peak intensity75 km h 45 mph 10 min 993 hPa mbar During the first week of May a strong pulse of the Madden Julian Oscillation MJO Kelvin wave and Equatorial Rossby wave ERW prevailed in the Indian Ocean Along with a westerly wind burst occurring this resulted in a formation of twin tropical cyclones on either side of the equator with the first system being Severe Cyclonic Storm Asani within the North Indian Ocean that impacted India 135 136 The second tropical cyclone was first noted as a broad and weak circulation near the area of responsibility of TCWC Jakarta on 2 May 135 Over the next few days the system struggled to organize due to lack of convergence in the equator side and northeasterly constraint aloft 137 On 5 May the JTWC started to monitor the system as it began organizing with flaring deep convection wrapping to its broad low level circulation center 138 With an environment of fair poleward outflow and warm sea surface temperatures offset by moderate wind shear the system continued to organize which led to the JTWC issuing a TCFA on the next day 139 The MFR subsequently initiated advisories on Zone of Disturbed Weather 13 140 It organized into a tropical disturbance by 7 May before it intensified into a moderate tropical storm by 06 00 UTC that same day with the MFR naming it Karim 141 142 The JTWC subsequently followed suit 143 Karim then exited the basin and entered the Australian region that same day 144 145 Storm names editWithin the South West Indian Ocean tropical depressions and subtropical depressions that are judged to have 10 minute sustained wind speeds of 65 km h 40 mph by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center on Reunion island France RSMC La Reunion are usually assigned a name However it is the Sub Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centers in Mauritius and Madagascar who name the systems The Sub Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center Mauritius Meteorological Services in Mauritius names a storm should it intensify into a moderate tropical storm between 55 E and 90 E If instead a cyclone intensifies into a moderate tropical storm between 30 E and 55 E then the Sub Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center Madagascar Meteorological Services in Madagascar assigns the appropriate name to the storm Storm names are taken from three pre determined lists of names which rotate on a triennial basis with any names that have been used automatically removed Therefore all storm names used this year will be removed from the rotation and replaced with a new name for the 2024 25 season while the unused names will remain on the list 146 New names this season are Ana Batsirai Cliff Dumako Emnati Fezile Gombe Halima Issa Jasmine Karim and Letlama They replaced Alcide Bouchra Cilida Desmond Eketsang Funani Gelena Haleh Idai Joaninha Kenneth and Lorna after the 2018 19 season Ana Batsirai Cliff Dumako Emnati Fezile Gombe Halima Issa Jasmine Karim Letlama unused Maipelo unused Njazi unused Oscar unused Pamela unused Quentin unused Rajab unused Savana unused Themba unused Uyapo unused Viviane unused Walter unused Xangy unused Yemurai unused Zanele unused If a tropical cyclone enters the South West Indian basin from the Australian region basin west of 90 E it will retain the name assigned to it by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology BoM The following storms were named in this manner VernonAfter the season the eleven names used were automatically retired and replaced with Ancha Bheki Chido Dikeledi Elvis Faida Garance Honde Ivone Jude and Kanto respectively for the 2024 25 season 147 Season effects editThis table lists all of the tropical cyclones and subtropical cyclones that were monitored during the 2021 2022 South West Indian Ocean cyclone season Information on their intensity duration name areas affected primarily comes from RSMC La Reunion Death and damage reports come from either press reports or the relevant national disaster management agency while the damage totals are given in 2021 or 2022 USD Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage USD Deaths RefsCategory Wind speed PressureAna 20 25 January Severe tropical storm 95 km h 60 mph 987 hPa 29 15 inHg Mascarene Islands Madagascar Southern Africa 25 million 142 15 16 17 148 Batsirai 24 January 8 February Intense tropical cyclone 205 km h 125 mph 923 hPa 27 26 inHg Mauritius Reunion Madagascar 190 million 123 53 54 55 Cliff 3 5 February Moderate tropical storm 85 km h 50 mph 991 hPa 29 26 inHg None None NoneDumako 10 18 February Moderate tropical storm 85 km h 50 mph 993 hPa 29 32 inHg Madagascar Mozambique 1 million 14 149 Emnati 15 24 February Intense tropical cyclone 175 km h 110 mph 935 hPa 27 61 inHg Mauritius Reunion Madagascar 1 million 15 86 Fezile 16 18 February Severe tropical storm 95 km h 60 mph 978 hPa 28 88 inHg None None NoneVernon 26 February 3 March Intense tropical cyclone 205 km h 125 mph 940 hPa 27 76 inHg None None None08 23 26 February Moderate tropical storm 75 km h 45 mph 995 hPa 29 38 inHg None None NoneGombe 5 17 March Tropical cyclone 155 km h 100 mph 955 hPa 28 20 inHg Madagascar Mozambique Malawi 95 million 72 150 151 114 Halima 20 March 1 April Intense tropical cyclone 195 km h 120 mph 939 hPa 27 73 inHg None None NoneIssa 12 13 April Subtropical depression 95 km h 60 mph 993 hPa 29 32 inHg South Africa Unknown UnknownJasmine 21 27 April Severe tropical storm 110 km h 70 mph 985 hPa 29 09 inHg Comoros Mozambique Madagascar Unknown 10 152 Karim 5 7 May Moderate tropical storm 75 km h 45 mph 993 hPa 29 32 inHg None None NoneSeason aggregates13 systems 20 January 7 May 205 km h 125 mph 923 hPa 27 26 inHg 312 million 376See also edit nbsp Tropical cyclones portalWeather of 2021 and 2022 List of Southern Hemisphere cyclone seasons Tropical cyclones in 2021 and 2022 Atlantic hurricane seasons 2021 2022 Pacific hurricane seasons 2021 2022 Pacific typhoon seasons 2021 2022 North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons 2021 2022 2021 22 Australian region cyclone season 2021 22 South Pacific cyclone seasonReferences edit Cronaca meteo Africa la tempesta tropicale Ana fa landfall in Mozambico 3BMeteo Previsioni Meteo in Italian 24 January 2022 Archived from the original on 26 January 2022 Retrieved 26 January 2022 The Meteorological Office metofficestorms 24 January 2022 Tropical Storm Ana has formed and will soon be making landfall over Mozambique The 2021 22 season in the Southwest Indian Ocean is making an unusually late start Ana is the latest that the first named storm of the season has formed since 1998 Tweet Exeter Devon UK via Twitter Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean Reissued Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 20 January 2022 Archived from the original on 20 January 2022 Retrieved 23 January 2022 Alt URL Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Invest 93S Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 21 January 2022 Archived from the original on 20 January 2022 Retrieved 23 January 2022 Alt URL Zone of Disturbed Weather 1 Warning Number 1 1 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 21 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 24 January 2022 Retrieved 23 January 2022 Tropical Disturbance 1 Warning Number 2 1 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 22 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 22 January 2022 Retrieved 23 January 2022 Tropical Depression 1 Warning Number 3 1 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 22 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 22 January 2022 Retrieved 24 January 2022 Overland Depression 1 Warning Number 4 1 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 22 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 24 January 2022 Retrieved 24 January 2022 a b Overland Depression 1 Warning Number 5 1 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 22 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 23 January 2022 Retrieved 24 January 2022 Tropical Disturbance 1 Warning Number 7 1 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 23 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 23 January 2022 Retrieved 24 January 2022 Tropical Disturbance 1 Warning Number 8 1 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 23 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 23 January 2022 Retrieved 24 January 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 07S Seven Warning No 1 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 23 January 2022 Archived from the original on 23 January 2022 Retrieved 24 January 2022 Alt URL Moderate Tropical Storm 1 Ana Warning Number 10 1 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 24 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 24 January 2022 Retrieved 24 January 2022 Tropical storm Ana has weakened significantly Sunday Times 2 February 2022 Retrieved 2 February 2022 a b c Southern Africa Cyclone Season Flash Update No 2 4 February 2022 ReliefWeb United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 4 February 2022 Archived from the original on 4 February 2022 Retrieved 6 February 2022 a b c Malawi Africa Tropical Storm Ana 2022 Emergency Appeal n MDRMW015 Malawi ReliefWeb 3 February 2022 Archived from the original on 6 February 2022 Retrieved 5 February 2022 a b c Dozens killed in Tropical Storm Ana as southern Africa braces for more wild weather The Guardian 28 January 2022 Archived from the original on 6 February 2022 Retrieved 28 January 2022 Gregory Gondwe 25 January 2022 Malawi hit by flooding caused by tropical storm Ana 1 dead apnews com Blantyre Malawi The Associated Press Archived from the original on 1 February 2022 Retrieved 2 February 2022 a b c Storm Ana kills dozens in Malawi Madagascar and Mozambique www bbc com British Broadcasting Channel BBC 28 January 2022 Archived from the original on 3 February 2022 Retrieved 2 February 2022 Storm Ana kills at least three in Mozambique and Malawi www reuters com Maputo Mozambique Reuters 26 January 2022 Archived from the original on 2 February 2022 Retrieved 2 February 2022 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean Reissued Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 23 January 2022 Archived from the original on 23 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Alt URL Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Invest 96S Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 24 January 2022 Archived from the original on 24 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Alt URL Tropical Disturbance 2 Warning Number 1 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 26 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 26 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Tropical Depression 2 Warning Number 2 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 26 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 28 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Eight Warning No 1 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 27 January 2022 Archived from the original on 27 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Alt URL Moderate Tropical Storm 2 Batsirai Warning Number 5 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 27 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 27 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 CORRECTED Intense Tropical Cyclone 2 Batsirai Warning Number 6 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 27 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 27 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 2 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 27 January 2022 Archived from the original on 27 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Alt URL Tropical Cyclone 2 Batsirai Warning Number 7 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 27 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 27 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Moderate Tropical Storm 2 Batsirai Warning Number 8 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 28 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 28 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 3 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 28 January 2022 Archived from the original on 28 January 2022 Retrieved 29 January 2022 Alt URL Severe Tropical Storm 2 Batsirai Warning Number 13 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 29 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 29 January 2022 Retrieved 31 January 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 7 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 30 January 2022 Archived from the original on 31 January 2022 Retrieved 31 January 2022 Alt URL Tropical Cyclone 2 Batsirai Warning Number 18 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 30 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 30 January 2022 Retrieved 31 January 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 8 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 30 January 2022 Archived from the original on 31 January 2022 Retrieved 31 January 2022 Alt URL Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 10 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 31 January 2022 Archived from the original on 31 January 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Alt URL Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 11 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 31 January 2022 Archived from the original on 31 January 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Alt URL Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 12 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 1 February 2022 Archived from the original on 1 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Alt URL Intense Tropical Cyclone 2 Batsirai Warning Number 27 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 1 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 1 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 13 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 1 February 2022 Archived from the original on 1 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Alt URL Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 14 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 2 February 2022 Archived from the original on 2 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Alt URL Intense Tropical Cyclone 2 Batsirai Warning Number 27 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 2 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 2 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 16 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 3 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 dead link Alt URL Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 20 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 5 February 2022 Retrieved 5 February 2022 dead link Alt URL Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 08S Batsirai Warning No 21 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 6 February 2022 Retrieved 6 February 2022 dead link Alt URL Overland Depression 2 Batsirai Warning Number 44 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 6 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 6 February 2022 Retrieved 6 February 2022 Moderate Tropical Storm 2 Batsirai Warning Number 47 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 6 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 6 February 2022 Retrieved 6 February 2022 Remnant low 2 Batsirai Warning Number 49 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 6 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 6 February 2022 Retrieved 7 February 2022 Post tropical depression 2 Ex Batsirai Warning Number 50 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 6 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 12 February 2022 Retrieved 7 February 2022 Moderate Tropical Storm Batsirai 2 Batsirai Warning Number 51 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 6 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 12 February 2022 Retrieved 7 February 2022 Post Tropical Depression Batsirai 2 Batsirai Warning Number 54 2 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 8 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 12 February 2022 Retrieved 8 February 2022 Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwestern Indian Ocean PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 11 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 12 February 2022 Retrieved 11 February 2022 a b ion 3 February 2022 Batsirai fait deux victimes Batsirai kills two ionnews mu in French Archived from the original on 3 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 a b Madagascar s death toll from Cyclone Batsirai rises to 92 KXAN Austin 9 February 2022 Archived from the original on 9 February 2022 Retrieved 9 February 2022 a b Global Catastrophe Recap April 2022 PDF Report Aon Benfield 12 April 2022 Retrieved 12 April 2022 Thousands without power as cyclone winds hit Mauritius ARY NEWS 2 February 2022 Archived from the original on 2 February 2022 Retrieved 2 February 2022 ref gt 36 000 clients prives d electricite 36 000 customers without electricity Journal de l ile de La Reunion in French 2 February 2022 Archived from the original on 3 February 2022 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Batsirai 47 millions de pertes agricoles Batsirai 47 million agricultural losses Le Quotidien de la Reunion in French 11 February 2022 Archived from the original on 12 February 2022 Retrieved 11 February 2022 Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwestern Indian Ocean PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 31 January 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 18 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean Reissued Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 2 February 2021 Archived from the original on 2 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Alt URL Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Invest 90S Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 4 February 2021 Archived from the original on 4 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Alt URL Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Cyclone 10S Ten Warning No 1 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 4 February 2021 Archived from the original on 4 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Alt URL Tropical Depression 3 Warning Number 1 3 202122 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 4 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 4 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Moderate Tropical Storm 3 Cliff Warning Number 2 3 202122 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 4 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 4 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Moderate Tropical Storm 3 Cliff Warning Number 3 3 202122 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 5 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 5 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Moderate Tropical Storm 3 Cliff Warning Number 4 3 202122 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 5 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 5 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Filling Up 3 Cliff Warning Number 5 3 202122 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 5 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 18 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Tropical Cyclone 10S Cliff Warning No 6 FINAL Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 6 February 2021 Archived from the original on 4 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Alt URL Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwestern Indian Ocean PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 11 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 12 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwestern Indian Ocean PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 12 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 18 February 2022 Retrieved 18 February 2022 a b c d e Dumako 10 02 2022 to 18 02 2022 Meteo France Retrieved 21 February 2022 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean Reissued 110330Z 111800Z February 2022 Joint Typhoon Warning Center 11 February 2022 Archived from the original on 14 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Alt URL Tropical Cyclone 12S Twelve Warning No 1 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 13 February 2022 Archived from the original on 13 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Alt URL Moderate Tropical Storm 4 Dumako Warning Number 6 4 20212022 PDF Meteo France 13 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Moderate Tropical Storm 4 Dumako Warning Number 13 4 20212022 PDF Meteo France 15 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 bsh122022 dat United States Naval Research Laboratory Retrieved 21 February 2022 Tropical Disturbance 4 Dumako Warning Number 17 4 20212022 PDF Meteo France 17 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Madagascar braces for next cyclone as at least 14 killed by storm Reuters 19 February 2022 Retrieved 20 February 2022 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 15 February 2022 Archived from the original on 15 February 2022 Retrieved 15 February 2022 Alt URL Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather In the Southwest Indian Ocean 2022 02 15 AT 1200 UTC PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 15 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 17 February 2022 Retrieved 15 February 2022 Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Invest 96S Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 15 February 2022 Archived from the original on 15 February 2022 Retrieved 15 February 2022 Alt URL Tropical Disturbance 5 Warning Number 4 5 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 16 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 17 February 2022 Retrieved 16 February 2022 Tropical Depression 5 Warning Number 6 5 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 16 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 18 February 2022 Retrieved 16 February 2022 Current Storm Cyclone Moderate Tropical Storm Emnati 17 February 2022 Mauritius Meteorological Services 17 February 2022 Archived from the original on 17 February 2022 Retrieved 17 February 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Moderate Tropical Storm Emnati 5 Warning Number 8 5 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 17 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 17 February 2022 Retrieved 17 February 2022 a b Southern Africa Cyclone Season Flash Update No 10 2 March 2022 reliefweb 2 March 2022 Zone of Disturbed Weather 6 1 6 202120222 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 16 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 21 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Invest 97S Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 16 February 2021 Archived from the original on 16 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Alt URL Moderate Tropical Storm 6 Fezile 4 6 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 18 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 18 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Invest 97S Cancellation Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 18 February 2021 Archived from the original on 18 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Alt URL Moderate Tropical Storm 6 Fezile 5 6 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 18 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 18 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Moderate Tropical Storm 6 Fezile 6 6 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 18 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 18 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Post Tropical Depression 6 Ex Fezile 6 6 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 18 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 21 February 2022 Retrieved 21 February 2022 Fezile 13 02 2022 to 18 02 2022 Meteo France La Reunion France Retrieved 21 February 2022 Severe Tropical Cyclone Vernon 22U Technical Bulletin 00Z Australian Bureau of Meteorology 26 February 2022 Archived from the original on 1 March 2021 Retrieved 26 February 2022 Intense Tropical Cyclone Vernon 07 Warning Number 1 07 2022 06Z PDF Meteo France La Reunion France Retrieved 26 February 2022 a b Tropical Depression 8 Warning Number 1 8 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 25 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 25 March 2022 Retrieved 12 March 2022 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean Reissued Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 25 February 2022 Archived from the original on 25 February 2022 Retrieved 12 March 2022 Alt URL Tropical Depression 8 Warning Number 3 8 20212022 PDF La Reunion France Meteo France 27 February 2022 Archived PDF from the original on 12 March 2022 Retrieved 12 March 2022 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean Corrected Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 28 February 2022 Archived from the original on 27 February 2022 Retrieved 12 March 2022 Alt URL 2022RE08 27 June 2022 Retrieved 27 June 2022 Meteo France MFR 3 March 2022 A ZONE PERTURBEE 9 PDF Meteo France Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC 6 March 2022 TROPICAL CYCLONE FORMATION ALERT INVEST 97S Joint Typhoon Warning Center Meteo France MFR 7 March 2022 A TEMPETE TROPICALE MODEREE 9 GOMBE PDF Meteo France Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC 7 March 2022 TROPICAL CYCLONE 19S GOMBE WARNING 1 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Meteo France MFR 8 March 2022 A DEPRESSION SUR TERRE 9 GOMBE PDF Meteo France Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC 8 March 2022 TROPICAL CYCLONE 19S GOMBE WARNING NR 002 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Meteo France MFR 9 March 2022 A TEMPETE TROPICALE MODEREE 9 GOMBE PDF Meteo France Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC 10 March 2022 TROPICAL CYCLONE 19S GOMBE WARNING NR 007 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC 11 March 2022 TROPICAL CYCLONE 19S GOMBE WARNING 10 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Meteo France MFR 11 March 2022 A CYCLONE TROPICAL INTENSE 9 GOMBE PDF Meteo France Meteo France MFR 11 March 2022 A DEPRESSION SUR TERRE 9 GOMBE PDF Meteo France Technical bulletin of tropical depression Gombe PDF Meteo France 17 March 2022 Retrieved 17 March 2022 a b Mozambique Tropical Cyclone Gombe Flash Update No 6 As of 25 March 2022 PDF Report 25 March 2022 Retrieved 27 March 2022 via ReliefWeb a href Template Cite report html title Template Cite report cite report a Unknown parameter agency ignored help Technical bulletin of the Zone climate disturbance 10 PDF Meteo France 23 March 2022 Retrieved 23 March 2022 Technical bulletin of the moderate tropical storm Halima PDF Meteo France 23 March 2022 Retrieved 23 March 2022 Technical bulletin of the severe tropical storm Halima PDF Meteo France 24 March 2022 Retrieved 24 March 2022 Technical bulletin of the tropical cyclone Halima PDF Meteo France 24 March 2022 Retrieved 24 March 2022 Technical bulletin of the intense tropical cyclone Halima PDF Meteo France 25 March 2022 Retrieved 25 March 2022 Warning 1 11 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Warning 2 11 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Invest 92S Technical Bulletin Issa JTWC 13 April 2022 Archived from the original on 30 November 2021 Retrieved 13 April 2022 Warning 4 11 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Warning 5 11 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Chuvas na Africa do Sul deixam 259 mortos g1 in Brazilian Portuguese 13 April 2022 Retrieved 13 April 2022 Durban floods South Africa floods kill more than 250 officials BBC News 13 April 2022 Retrieved 13 April 2022 Warning 1 12 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Warning 3 12 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Invest 97S Technical Bulletin JTWC 22 April 2022 Archived from the original on 21 February 2022 Retrieved 22 April 2022 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Warning 6 12 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Warning 12 12 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Warning 14 12 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Warning 20 12 20212022 PDF meteo fr Retrieved 9 April 2023 Madagascar Tropical storm JASMINE update ECHO Daily Flash of 28 April 2022 Madagascar ReliefWeb 28 April 2022 Retrieved 28 April 2022 a b Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwest Indian Ocean PDF Report Meteo France 2 May 2022 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Twin Cyclones Asani and Karim Form Over Indian Ocean Satellite Images Capture Twins on Opposite Sides of Equator The Weather Channel Articles from The Weather Channel weather com The Weather Channel Archived from the original on 20 May 2022 Retrieved 21 May 2022 Bulletin for Cyclonic Activity and Significant Tropical Weather in the Southwest Indian Ocean PDF Report Meteo France 4 May 2022 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Indian Ocean 18Z 4 May 2022 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 4 May 2022 Archived from the original on 13 February 2018 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Alt URL Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert Invest 90S Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 6 May 2022 Archived from the original on 22 November 2021 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Alt URL Zone of Disturbed Weather 13 Warning Number 1 13 20212022 PDF Report Meteo France 6 May 2022 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Tropical Disturbance 13 Warning Number 2 13 20212022 PDF Report Meteo France 7 May 2022 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Moderate Tropical Storm 13 Karim Warning Number 3 13 20212022 PDF Report Meteo France 7 May 2022 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Tropical Cyclone 25S Karim Warning No 1 Report United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center 7 May 2022 Archived from the original on 7 May 2022 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Alt URL Moderate Tropical Storm 13 Karim Warning Number 4 13 20212022 PDF Report Meteo France 7 May 2022 Retrieved 18 July 2023 Boterhoven Matt 24 June 2022 Tropical Cyclone Karim PDF Report Tropical Cyclone Report Perth Western Australia Bureau of Meteorology Retrieved 18 April 2023 Regional Association I Tropical Cyclone Committee 2016 Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South West Indian Ocean PDF World Meteorological Organization Archived PDF from the original on 18 September 2016 Retrieved 5 October 2016 Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South West Indian Ocean Report World Meteorological Organization Retrieved 20 March 2024 Q1 Global Catastrophe Recap PDF Report Aon Benfield 12 April 2022 Retrieved 12 April 2022 Madagascar Storm Dumako Leaves 6 Dead Homes Damaged Flood List 18 February 2022 Retrieved 9 February 2022 5 dead in Malawi due to Tropical Cyclone Gombe impact Xinhua www xinhuanet com Retrieved 14 March 2022 2 killed as tropical cyclone slams Madagascar www aa com tr Retrieved 14 March 2022 Global Catastrophe Recap First Half of 2022 Global Catastrophe Recap First Half of 2022External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2021 22 South West Indian Ocean cyclone season Meteo France La Reunion in French Alternative website Direction Generale de la Meteorologie de Madagascar in French Mauritius Meteorological Services Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2021 22 South West Indian Ocean 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