The many-lined salamander (Stereochilus marginatus) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae.[2] It is the only species of the monotypic genus Stereochilus.[3] It is endemic to the United States.[2]
Stereochilus marginatus are small salamanders, generally ranging from 6.4 to 11.4 cm (2.5 to 4.5 in) in overall length, with a thin, sharp head and a tail shorter than average salamanders in the plethodontids.[4] According to Dirk J. Stevenson, "the basic color pattern is brown or dull yellow with narrow, alternating light and dark longitudinal lines along the lower sides of the body that break up on the tail into a netlike pattern."
Habitat and distributionedit
This species of salamander is commonly found in the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain of Georgia.[4] It occurs on the Atlantic coastal plain from northeastern Florida to southeastern Virginia.[2] The species is "unusually aquatic for a plethodontid," inhabiting "forested swamps fringing slow-moving blackwater streams, shallow ditches choked with aquatic vegetation, and mucky seepage areas."[4]Stereochilus marginatus is also likely to be found under natural cover, such as Sphagnum moss or the decaying remains of leaves and other natural materials left behind in riverbeds; they can also sometimes be found underneath the remains of trees in drier environments.[5]
Life historyedit
Stereochilus marginatus are one of about 35 species of Plethodontidae that lay aquatic eggs that hatch as swimming larvae.[6] The larvae period lasts around 1–2 years. It generally takes 3–4 years to mature for breeding, and males reach sexual maturity earlier than females. Unfortunately, not much is known about their expected life-span.[4]
Diet and interspecific interactionsedit
Both adults and larvae's diets tend to consist of small invertebrates, including arthropods and worms.[4]
It is common to find Desmognathus auriculatus (southern dusky salamanders) and Pseudotriton montanus (mud salamanders) in the same environments. Predators of the Stereochilus marginatus may include larger aquatic fauna or insects.[4]
Referencesedit
^IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2014). "Stereochilus marginatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T59406A56252342. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T59406A56252342.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
^ abcFrost, Darrel R. (2016). "Stereochilus marginatus (Hallowell, 1856)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
^Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Stereochilus Cope, 1869". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
^ abcdefStevenson, Dirk J. "Lungless Salamanders—Plethodontidae." Amphibians and Reptiles of Georgia. Ed. John B. Jensen. Athens: U of Georgia, 2008. p. 239–240.
^Connell, Patia M. "Many-lined Salamander (Stereochilus Marginatus)." Savannah River Ecology Laboratory. Ed. J. D. Willson. University of Georgia, n.d. Web. 06 Dec. 2015.
^Zug, George R. "Lungless Salamander (family Plethodontidae)." Esbcohost.com. Encyclopædia Britannica, Sept. 2014. Web. 6 Dec. 2015.
January 01, 1970
many, lined, salamander, genus, orchids, stereochilus, plant, many, lined, salamander, stereochilus, marginatus, species, salamander, family, plethodontidae, only, species, monotypic, genus, stereochilus, endemic, united, states, conservation, status, least, c. For genus of orchids see Stereochilus plant The many lined salamander Stereochilus marginatus is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae 2 It is the only species of the monotypic genus Stereochilus 3 It is endemic to the United States 2 Many lined salamander Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Amphibia Order Urodela Family Plethodontidae Subfamily Hemidactyliinae Genus StereochilusCope 1869 Species S marginatus Binomial name Stereochilus marginatus Hallowell 1856 Contents 1 Physical description 2 Habitat and distribution 3 Life history 4 Diet and interspecific interactions 5 ReferencesPhysical description editStereochilus marginatus are small salamanders generally ranging from 6 4 to 11 4 cm 2 5 to 4 5 in in overall length with a thin sharp head and a tail shorter than average salamanders in the plethodontids 4 According to Dirk J Stevenson the basic color pattern is brown or dull yellow with narrow alternating light and dark longitudinal lines along the lower sides of the body that break up on the tail into a netlike pattern Habitat and distribution editThis species of salamander is commonly found in the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain of Georgia 4 It occurs on the Atlantic coastal plain from northeastern Florida to southeastern Virginia 2 The species is unusually aquatic for a plethodontid inhabiting forested swamps fringing slow moving blackwater streams shallow ditches choked with aquatic vegetation and mucky seepage areas 4 Stereochilus marginatus is also likely to be found under natural cover such as Sphagnum moss or the decaying remains of leaves and other natural materials left behind in riverbeds they can also sometimes be found underneath the remains of trees in drier environments 5 Life history editStereochilus marginatus are one of about 35 species of Plethodontidae that lay aquatic eggs that hatch as swimming larvae 6 The larvae period lasts around 1 2 years It generally takes 3 4 years to mature for breeding and males reach sexual maturity earlier than females Unfortunately not much is known about their expected life span 4 Diet and interspecific interactions editBoth adults and larvae s diets tend to consist of small invertebrates including arthropods and worms 4 It is common to find Desmognathus auriculatus southern dusky salamanders and Pseudotriton montanus mud salamanders in the same environments Predators of the Stereochilus marginatus may include larger aquatic fauna or insects 4 References edit IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2014 Stereochilus marginatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014 e T59406A56252342 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2014 1 RLTS T59406A56252342 en Retrieved 15 November 2021 a b c Frost Darrel R 2016 Stereochilus marginatus Hallowell 1856 Amphibian Species of the World an Online Reference Version 6 0 American Museum of Natural History Retrieved 14 March 2016 Frost Darrel R 2016 Stereochilus Cope 1869 Amphibian Species of the World an Online Reference Version 6 0 American Museum of Natural History Retrieved 14 March 2016 a b c d e f Stevenson Dirk J Lungless Salamanders Plethodontidae Amphibians and Reptiles of Georgia Ed John B Jensen Athens U of Georgia 2008 p 239 240 Connell Patia M Many lined Salamander Stereochilus Marginatus Savannah River Ecology Laboratory Ed J D Willson University of Georgia n d Web 06 Dec 2015 Zug George R Lungless Salamander family Plethodontidae Esbcohost com Encyclopaedia Britannica Sept 2014 Web 6 Dec 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Many lined salamander amp oldid 1161584810, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
