Florida Department of Transportation
The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) is a decentralized agency charged with the establishment, maintenance, and regulation of public transportation in the state of Florida.[1] The department was formed in 1969. It absorbed the powers of the State Road Department (SRD). The current Secretary of Transportation is Jared W. Perdue.
Official Seal | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1969 |
| Preceding agency |
|
| Jurisdiction | Florida |
| Headquarters | 605 Suwannee Street, Tallahassee, Florida, U.S. |
| Agency executives |
|
| Website | fdot.gov |
History edit
The State Road Department, the predecessor of today's Department of Transportation, was authorized in 1915 by the Florida Legislature. For the first two years of its existence, the department acted as an advisory body to the 52 counties in the state, helping to assemble maps and other information on roads.
The 1916 Bankhead Act passed by Congress expanded the department's responsibilities and gave it the authority to: establish a state and state-aid system of roads, engage in road construction and maintenance, acquire and own land, exercise the right of eminent domain, and accept federal or local funds for use in improving roads.
The Office of Motor Carrier Compliance created in 1980 transitioned from the Florida Department of Transportation to the Florida Highway Patrol (FHP) division of the Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles (FLHSMV) on July 1, 2011.[2] The consolidation is a result of Senate Bill 2160, passed by lawmakers during the 2011 Legislative Session, and placed the commercial vehicle licensing, registrations, fuel permits, and enforcement all under the purview of DHSMV.[3]
Structure edit
The Florida Transportation Commission, made up of nine commissioners chosen by Florida's Governor and Legislature, provides oversight for the state's department of transportation.[4]
Each of FDOT's eight semi-autonomous districts is managed by a district secretary. Following the 2002 legislation, the Turnpike District (now known as Florida's Turnpike Enterprise, or FTE) secretary became known as an executive director.
There are seven geographic districts plus the FTE.[5] The FTE owns and maintains 483 miles (777 km) of toll roads. The department also owns and maintains other toll roads and bridges: the Sunshine Skyway Bridge, Alligator Alley, the Beachline East Expressway, the Pinellas Bayway System, and the Seminole and Lake County portions of otherwise Central Florida Expressway Authority owned roads. Tolls on all Department-owned facilities are collected by Florida's Turnpike Enterprise.
In addition, the FDOT operates and manages several park-and-ride lots and Commuter Assistance Programs throughout the state. The seven districts each have a Districtwide Commuter Assistance Program.
Districts edit
Florida has seven transportation districts and a separate unit for tolled facilities under Florida's Turnpike Enterprise. Each district is managed by a district secretary. Each district also has major divisions for administration, planning, production, and operations.[5]
| District Number | District Name | Headquarters | Counties |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Southwest Florida | Bartow | Charlotte, Collier, De Soto, Glades, Hardee, Hendry, Highlands, Lee, Manatee, Okeechobee, Polk, and Sarasota |
| 2 | Northeast Florida | Lake City | Alachua, Baker, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Dixie, Duval, Gilchrist, Hamilton, Lafayette, Levy, Madison, Nassau, Putnam, St. Johns, Suwannee, Taylor, and Union |
| 3 | Northwest Florida | Chipley | Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton, and Washington |
| 4 | Southeast Florida | Fort Lauderdale | Broward, Indian River, Martin, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie |
| 5 | Central Florida | DeLand | Brevard, Flagler, Lake, Marion, Orange, Osceola, Seminole, Sumter, Volusia |
| 6 | South Florida | Miami | Miami-Dade and Monroe |
| 7 | West Central Florida | Tampa | Citrus, Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, and Pinellas |
Notable projects edit
In 1954, the State Road Department completed the original Sunshine Skyway Bridge, the first fixed span to connect Saint Petersburg directly to Bradenton. This greatly shortened the travel time between the two cities, as before cars would have to either use a ferry or drive about 70 miles (110 km) around Tampa Bay. A parallel span was completed in 1971 to make the bridge Interstate standard, and it became part of I-275. After the newer, southbound span was destroyed in 1980 when the SS Summit Venture collided into it, a replacement bridge was finished in 1987.
In 1974, FDOT completed Florida's Turnpike, a 312-mile (502 km) limited access toll highway that connected the panhandle area through Orlando to Miami. The turnpike is part of an initiative to finance transportation with user fees.[6]
In 2021, FDOT funded a review by scientists from Florida State University, University of Talca and The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, which showed following advantages of on autonomous trains:[7]
- Eliminating sources for human errors
- Raise of capacity by stronger utilization of existing rail tracks
- Reduction of operational costs. Metro Paris reduced its operational costs in case of GoA4 by 30%.[8]
- Higher overall service reliability
- Better fleet management and service flexibility
- Energy efficiency
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Florida Statutes 334.044 Powers and duties of the department". Florida Statutes. Florida Legislature. Retrieved August 14, 2021.
- ^ (PDF) (Press release). Florida Highway Patrol. June 29, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2015. Retrieved December 17, 2011.
- ^ "SB 2160: Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles". The Florida Senate. 2011.
- ^ . Archived from the original on November 9, 2005. Retrieved November 2, 2005.
- ^ a b Florida Department of Transportation (2020). "Districts". Florida Department of Transportation. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ "Florida's Turnpike: The Less Stressway". Retrieved November 2, 2005.
- ^ Singh, Prashant; Dulebenets, Maxim A.; Pasha, Junayed; Gonzalez, Ernesto D. R. Santibanez; Lau, Yui-Yip; Kampmann, Raphael (2021). "Deployment of Autonomous Trains in Rail Transportation: Current Trends and Existing Challenges". IEEE Access. 9: 91427–91461. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3091550. hdl:10397/92123. ISSN 2169-3536. S2CID 235749326.
- ^ Cohen, J. M.; Barron, A. S.; Anderson, R. J.; Graham, D. J. (2021), Impacts of Unattended Train Operations (UTO) on Productivity and Efficiency in Metropolitan Railways
Further reading edit
- Kendrick, Baynard (1964). Florida Trails to Turnpikes: 1914-1964. Gainesville: University of Florida Press.
External links edit
- Official website