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St. Florian Monastery

April 12, 2024

St. Florian Monastery (German: Stift Sankt Florian) is an Augustinian monastery in the town of Sankt Florian, Austria. Founded in the early ninth century, and later refounded by Augustinians in the eleventh century, St. Florian is the largest monastery in Upper Austria, and rivals Melk Abbey and Klosterneuburg Monastery as among the most impressive examples of Baroque architecture in Austria.[1] The monastery is dedicated to Saint Florian,[Note 1] whose fourth century grave lies beneath the monastery.[2]

St. Florian Monastery
St. Florian Monastery in Sankt Florian, Austria
Religion
AffiliationCatholic Church
Ecclesiastical or organizational statusActive
Year consecrated1071
Location
LocationSankt Florian, Austria
StateLinz-Land District, Upper Austria
Shown within Austria
Geographic coordinates48°12′26″N 14°22′44″E / 48.207251°N 14.378765°E / 48.207251; 14.378765
Architecture
Architect(s)Carlo Antonio Carlone
Jakob Prandtauer
TypeMonastery
StyleBaroque
FounderBishop Altmann of Passau

History edit

The monastery, named after Saint Florian, was founded in the Carolingian period. Since 1071 it has housed a community of Augustinian Canons, and is thus is one of the oldest operational monasteries in the world following the Rule of St. Augustine.

Between 1686 and 1708 the monastery complex was reconstructed in Baroque style by Carlo Antonio Carlone, whose masterpiece is St. Florian's. After his death, Jakob Prandtauer continued the work. The result is the biggest Baroque monastery in Upper Austria.[Note 2] Bartolomeo Altomonte created the frescoes.

Construction of the library wing began in 1744, under Johann Gotthard Hayberger. The library comprises about 130,000 items, including many manuscripts. The gallery contains numerous works of the 16th and 17th centuries, but also some late medieval works of the Danube School, particularly by Albrecht Altdorfer.

In 1827, Polish librarian Father Josef Chmel found one of the oldest Polish literary artifacts, an illuminated manuscript containing the Psalms in Latin, German and Polish in the monastery. Because of the site of discovery, it has been named the Sankt Florian Psalter, and now resides in the National Library of Poland.[3]

In January 1941, the Gestapo seized the facility and expelled the monks. From 1942, the Reichsrundfunkgesellschaft ("Radio Society of the Third Reich"), under general director Heinrich Glasmeier, operated from here. The canons returned after the end of the war.

The premises now also house the Upper Austrian Fire Brigade Museum.

Basilica edit

 
Aerial view of St. Florian Monastery

The canons' church was elevated to a basilica minor in 1999. It is dedicated to Saint Florian and Saint Augustine.

St. Florian's Priory possesses two organs, the larger one of which is known as the "Bruckner organ" (Brucknerorgel) and contains four manuals, 103 stops and 7,343 pipes.[4] It was played by composer and organist Anton Bruckner, previously a choir boy at the monastery, when he was the organist, between 1848 and 1855. He is buried beneath the organ inside the church.

List of provosts from 1382 edit

  • Stephan Zainkgraben, officiated 1382–1407
  • Jodok I. Pernschlag, officiated 1407–1417
  • Kaspar I. Seisenecker, officiated 1417–1436
  • Lukas Fridensteiner von Maur, officiated1436–1459, bekam 1458 von Papst Pius II. (1458–1464) das Recht der Pontifikalien
  • Johann II. Stieger, officiated 1459–1467
  • Kaspar II. Vorster, officiated 1467–1481
  • Peter II. Sieghartner, officiated 1481–1483
  • Leonhard Riesenschmied, officiated 1483–1508
  • Peter III. Maurer, officiated 1508–1545, resigned
  • Florian Muth, officiated 1545–1553
  • Siegmund Pfaffenhofer, officiated 1553–1572
  • Georg I. Freuter, officiated 1573–1598
  • Vitus (Veit) Widmann, officiated 1599–1612, died 20 January 1612
  • Leopold I. Zehetner, born ca. 1581 in Gemering, officiated 1612–1646, died 30 September 1646 in St. Florian
  • Matthias Gotter, officiated 1646–1666
  • David Fuhrmann, born 1621 in Straubing, officiated 1667–1689, died 6 Oktober 1689 in Linz
  • Matthäus I. von Weißenberg, born 1644 in Steyr, officiated 1689–1700, died 1700 in St. Florian
  • Franz Klausius (Clausius) Kröll, officiated 1700–1716
  • Johann III. Födermayr, officiated 1716–1732
  • Johann Georg II. Wiesmayr, born 4 April 1695, officiated 1732–1755
  • Engelbert II. Hofmann, officiated 1755–1766
  • Matthäus II. Gogl, officiated 1766–1777
  • Leopold II. Trulley, officiated 1777–1793
  • Michael I. Ziegler, born 22 February 1744, officiated 1793–1823, died 5 May 1823 in St. Florian
  • Michael II. Arneth, geb. 9. January 1771, amtierte als Propst 1823–1854, died 24 March 1854 in St. Florian
  • Friedrich (Theophil) Mayer, born 4 October 1793 in Stockheim, officiated 1854–1858, died 29 December 1858 in Rom
  • Jodok II. Stülz, born 23 February 1799 in Bezau, officiated 1859–1872
  • Ferdinand Moser, born 8 November 1827 in Gmunden, officiated 1872–1901, died 29 October 1901 in St. Florian
  • Josef Sailer, born 9 September 1839, officiated 1901–1920, died 29 January 1920 in St. Florian
  • Vinzenz Hartl, born 6 December 1872 in Herzogsdorf, officiated 1920–1944, died 10 April 1944 in Pulgarn
  • Leopold Hager, born 1 November 1889 in St. Gotthard, officiated 1944–1968, resigned 1968, died 24 February 1972
  • Johannes Zauner, born 1913 in Walding, died 24 September 1977, officiated 1968–1977
  • Wilhelm Neuwirth, born 12 March 1941, officiated 1977–2005
  • Johann Holzinger, born 12 April 1951, officiated since 2005

St. Florian Boys Choir edit

St. Florian is also known for the St. Florian Boys Choir (St. Florianer Sängerknaben), a boys' choir founded in 1071. This choir has been a traditional part of the monastic worship from its foundation. It still has particular responsibility for sacred music for the priory, but also now undertakes international concert tours, television appearances and making CDs.

Selected discography edit


Gallery edit

  •  
    West façade with church
  •  
    Organ loft with the Bruckner organ
  •  
    Drawing by Georg Matthäus Vischer, 1674
  •  
    Prälatengarten
  •  
    St. Florian Monastery balustrade and ceiling detail
  •  
    Interior stairway

References edit

Notes
  1. ^ Saint Florian was a Roman officer of the imperial army in the Roman province of Noricum in present-day Austria. Following his conversion to Christianity, the Roman regime sent Aquilinus to Noricum to persecute Christians. When Aquilinus ordered Florian to offer sacrifice to the Roman gods in accordance with Roman religion, he refused, and accepted the beatings and torture of his fellow soldiers, who finally executed him by tying a stone around his neck and drowning him in the Enns river in 304. After his body washed ashore near present-day Sankt Florian, a woman named Valeria had a vision in which Florian declared his intent to be buried in an appropriate place. According to tradition, his body was buried on the spot where a fourth-century wooden church and the later monasteries were built.
  2. ^ The south tower and parts of the church walls are still medieval in substance and were only given a Baroque veneer.
Citations
  1. ^ Parsons 2000, p. 257.
  2. ^ Baumgartner 2001, p. 2.
  3. ^ "The St. Florian Psalter". European Library. Retrieved 2016-02-19.
  4. ^ "The Organs". Sift Sankt Florian. Retrieved 2016-02-19.
Bibliography
  • Baumgartner, Rupert (2001). St. Florian's Collegiate Church. Ried im Innkreis: Kunstverlag Hofstetter.
  • Maier, Dieter (1998). Insight Guide Austria. Singapore: APA Publications. ISBN 978-0887296109.
  • Parsons, Nicholas T. (2000). Blue Guide Austria (Fourth ed.). London: A & C Black Publishers Ltd. ISBN 978-0393320176.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stift Sankt Florian.
  • Stift St. Florian official website

April 12, 2024
florian, monastery, german, stift, sankt, florian, augustinian, monastery, town, sankt, florian, austria, founded, early, ninth, century, later, refounded, augustinians, eleventh, century, florian, largest, monastery, upper, austria, rivals, melk, abbey, klost. St Florian Monastery German Stift Sankt Florian is an Augustinian monastery in the town of Sankt Florian Austria Founded in the early ninth century and later refounded by Augustinians in the eleventh century St Florian is the largest monastery in Upper Austria and rivals Melk Abbey and Klosterneuburg Monastery as among the most impressive examples of Baroque architecture in Austria 1 The monastery is dedicated to Saint Florian Note 1 whose fourth century grave lies beneath the monastery 2 St Florian MonasterySt Florian Monastery in Sankt Florian AustriaReligionAffiliationCatholic ChurchEcclesiastical or organizational statusActiveYear consecrated1071LocationLocationSankt Florian AustriaStateLinz Land District Upper AustriaShown within AustriaGeographic coordinates48 12 26 N 14 22 44 E 48 207251 N 14 378765 E 48 207251 14 378765ArchitectureArchitect s Carlo Antonio CarloneJakob PrandtauerTypeMonasteryStyleBaroqueFounderBishop Altmann of Passau Contents 1 History 2 Basilica 3 List of provosts from 1382 4 St Florian Boys Choir 4 1 Selected discography 5 Gallery 6 References 7 External linksHistory editThe monastery named after Saint Florian was founded in the Carolingian period Since 1071 it has housed a community of Augustinian Canons and is thus is one of the oldest operational monasteries in the world following the Rule of St Augustine Between 1686 and 1708 the monastery complex was reconstructed in Baroque style by Carlo Antonio Carlone whose masterpiece is St Florian s After his death Jakob Prandtauer continued the work The result is the biggest Baroque monastery in Upper Austria Note 2 Bartolomeo Altomonte created the frescoes Construction of the library wing began in 1744 under Johann Gotthard Hayberger The library comprises about 130 000 items including many manuscripts The gallery contains numerous works of the 16th and 17th centuries but also some late medieval works of the Danube School particularly by Albrecht Altdorfer In 1827 Polish librarian Father Josef Chmel found one of the oldest Polish literary artifacts an illuminated manuscript containing the Psalms in Latin German and Polish in the monastery Because of the site of discovery it has been named the Sankt Florian Psalter and now resides in the National Library of Poland 3 In January 1941 the Gestapo seized the facility and expelled the monks From 1942 the Reichsrundfunkgesellschaft Radio Society of the Third Reich under general director Heinrich Glasmeier operated from here The canons returned after the end of the war The premises now also house the Upper Austrian Fire Brigade Museum Basilica edit nbsp Aerial view of St Florian MonasteryThe canons church was elevated to a basilica minor in 1999 It is dedicated to Saint Florian and Saint Augustine St Florian s Priory possesses two organs the larger one of which is known as the Bruckner organ Brucknerorgel and contains four manuals 103 stops and 7 343 pipes 4 It was played by composer and organist Anton Bruckner previously a choir boy at the monastery when he was the organist between 1848 and 1855 He is buried beneath the organ inside the church List of provosts from 1382 editStephan Zainkgraben officiated 1382 1407 Jodok I Pernschlag officiated 1407 1417 Kaspar I Seisenecker officiated 1417 1436 Lukas Fridensteiner von Maur officiated1436 1459 bekam 1458 von Papst Pius II 1458 1464 das Recht der Pontifikalien Johann II Stieger officiated 1459 1467 Kaspar II Vorster officiated 1467 1481 Peter II Sieghartner officiated 1481 1483 Leonhard Riesenschmied officiated 1483 1508 Peter III Maurer officiated 1508 1545 resigned Florian Muth officiated 1545 1553 Siegmund Pfaffenhofer officiated 1553 1572 Georg I Freuter officiated 1573 1598 Vitus Veit Widmann officiated 1599 1612 died 20 January 1612 Leopold I Zehetner born ca 1581 in Gemering officiated 1612 1646 died 30 September 1646 in St Florian Matthias Gotter officiated 1646 1666 David Fuhrmann born 1621 in Straubing officiated 1667 1689 died 6 Oktober 1689 in Linz Matthaus I von Weissenberg born 1644 in Steyr officiated 1689 1700 died 1700 in St Florian Franz Klausius Clausius Kroll officiated 1700 1716 Johann III Fodermayr officiated 1716 1732 Johann Georg II Wiesmayr born 4 April 1695 officiated 1732 1755 Engelbert II Hofmann officiated 1755 1766 Matthaus II Gogl officiated 1766 1777 Leopold II Trulley officiated 1777 1793 Michael I Ziegler born 22 February 1744 officiated 1793 1823 died 5 May 1823 in St Florian Michael II Arneth geb 9 January 1771 amtierte als Propst 1823 1854 died 24 March 1854 in St Florian Friedrich Theophil Mayer born 4 October 1793 in Stockheim officiated 1854 1858 died 29 December 1858 in Rom Jodok II Stulz born 23 February 1799 in Bezau officiated 1859 1872 Ferdinand Moser born 8 November 1827 in Gmunden officiated 1872 1901 died 29 October 1901 in St Florian Josef Sailer born 9 September 1839 officiated 1901 1920 died 29 January 1920 in St Florian Vinzenz Hartl born 6 December 1872 in Herzogsdorf officiated 1920 1944 died 10 April 1944 in Pulgarn Leopold Hager born 1 November 1889 in St Gotthard officiated 1944 1968 resigned 1968 died 24 February 1972 Johannes Zauner born 1913 in Walding died 24 September 1977 officiated 1968 1977 Wilhelm Neuwirth born 12 March 1941 officiated 1977 2005 Johann Holzinger born 12 April 1951 officiated since 2005St Florian Boys Choir editSt Florian is also known for the St Florian Boys Choir St Florianer Sangerknaben a boys choir founded in 1071 This choir has been a traditional part of the monastic worship from its foundation It still has particular responsibility for sacred music for the priory but also now undertakes international concert tours television appearances and making CDs Selected discography edit Franz Farnberger Anton Bruckner in St Florian Requiem amp Motetten St Florianer Sangerknaben CD Studio SM D2639 SM 44 1997 with Bruckner s Magnificat amp Psalm 22 Gunar Letzbor Franz Joseph Aumann Requiem St Florianer Sangerknaben Ars Antiqua Austria CD Pan Classics PC 10234 2008 with Aumann s Ecce quomodo moritur justus Tenebrae factae sunt and Te Deum Gunar Letzbor Joseph Balthasar Hochreither Requiem Missa Jubilus sacer St Florianer Sangerknaben Ars Antiqua Austria CD Pan Classics PC 10264 2014Gallery edit nbsp West facade with church nbsp Organ loft with the Bruckner organ nbsp Drawing by Georg Matthaus Vischer 1674 nbsp Pralatengarten nbsp St Florian Monastery balustrade and ceiling detail nbsp Interior stairwayReferences editNotes Saint Florian was a Roman officer of the imperial army in the Roman province of Noricum in present day Austria Following his conversion to Christianity the Roman regime sent Aquilinus to Noricum to persecute Christians When Aquilinus ordered Florian to offer sacrifice to the Roman gods in accordance with Roman religion he refused and accepted the beatings and torture of his fellow soldiers who finally executed him by tying a stone around his neck and drowning him in the Enns river in 304 After his body washed ashore near present day Sankt Florian a woman named Valeria had a vision in which Florian declared his intent to be buried in an appropriate place According to tradition his body was buried on the spot where a fourth century wooden church and the later monasteries were built The south tower and parts of the church walls are still medieval in substance and were only given a Baroque veneer Citations Parsons 2000 p 257 Baumgartner 2001 p 2 The St Florian Psalter European Library Retrieved 2016 02 19 The Organs Sift Sankt Florian Retrieved 2016 02 19 BibliographyBaumgartner Rupert 2001 St Florian s Collegiate Church Ried im Innkreis Kunstverlag Hofstetter Maier Dieter 1998 Insight Guide Austria Singapore APA Publications ISBN 978 0887296109 Parsons Nicholas T 2000 Blue Guide Austria Fourth ed London A amp C Black Publishers Ltd ISBN 978 0393320176 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stift Sankt Florian Stift St Florian official website St Florian Boys Choir official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title St Florian Monastery amp oldid 1204749830, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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