Spytihněv II (also Spitignew, Spitihnew or Spytihnev; Latin: Spitigneus;[1] 1031 – 28 January 1061), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 1055 until his death in 1061.
Spytihněv II
Duke Spytihněv with mitre and lance, contemporary depiction in the Svatovítská apokalypsa (Apocalypse of Saint Vitus) manuscript, 11th century
He was the eldest son of Duke Bretislav I (d. 1055) and his consort Judith of Schweinfurt.[2] While his father entered into conflict with the Salian king Henry III, young Spytihněv from 1039 onwards spent several years as a hostage at the German court.
When he succeeded his father as duke, his coronation was celebrated with the first known rendition of Hospodine pomiluj ny, the earliest known song in Czech. After his accession to the throne, he went at once to Regensburg to receive imperial confirmation. According to the contemporary chronicler Cosmas of Prague, this loyalty to the Holy Roman Empire did not prevent him from expelling all Germans from his lands, including his mother Judith, and the new anti-German policy continued to his death.
In 1056, Spytihněv had all the monks driven out of Sazava Abbey,[3] yet despite this, Pope Nicholas II sought the alliance of the Bohemian duke in 1059.[4] Thus, Rome granted Spytihněv the right to wear the mitre and tunic of a bishop for the annual sum of 100 marks.[4][5]
His brothers having inherited Moravia, Spytihněv tried to reduce their authority by arresting 300 Moravian magnates and stripping his brothers of their rights in the province. Thus, Vratislaus of Olomouc fled to Hungary in 1058.
Spytihněv was succeeded by Vratislaus, who in turn entrusted Moravia to his brother Conrad.
Svatobor (Friedrich), Patriarch of Aquileia in 1084. Shortly afterwards, on 23 Feb 1086, he was murdered.[7]
Notesedit
^In his imperial chronicle the Annalista Saxo mentions "Spitigneus dux de Boemia" in the year 1058: "Iuditha, soror Ottonis ducis de Suinvorde, uxor Bracilai, ductrix Boemiorum, obiit 4. Non. Augusti. Quam quia filius suus Spitigneus dux de Boemia eiecerat, cum non posset aliter iniuriam ulcisci in filio, ad contumeliam eius et omnium Boemorum nupserat Petro regi Ungariorum. Hec postea a filio suo Wratizlao duce inde translata est et Prage sepulta iuxta virum suum Brazilaum in ecclesia." Annalista Saxo, dmgh.de, p. 692
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Spytihnev II, Duke of Bohemia.
Bažant, Jan (2003). The Classical Tradition in Czech Medieval Art. Peter Lang.
Berend, Nora; Urbanczyk, Przemyslaw; Wiszewski, Przemyslaw (2013). Central Europe in the High Middle Ages:Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, c.900-c.1300. Cambridge University Press.
Curta, Florin (2017). "Foundation of Sazava Abbey". In Curta, Florin; Holt, Andrew (eds.). Great Events in Religion: An Encyclopedia of Pivotal Events in Religious History. Vol. I. ABC-CLIO.
Gresser, Georg (2006). Die Synoden und Konzilien in der Zeit des Reformpapsttums in Deutschland und Italien von Leo IX bis Calixt II, 1049-1123. Ferdinand Schoningh.
Thompson, James Westfall (1926). "Medieval German Expansion in Bohemia". The Slavonic Review. 4 (12).
spytihněv, duke, bohemia, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, a. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Spytihnev II Duke of Bohemia news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2015 Learn how and when to remove this message Spytihnev II also Spitignew Spitihnew or Spytihnev Latin Spitigneus 1 1031 28 January 1061 a member of the Premyslid dynasty was Duke of Bohemia from 1055 until his death in 1061 Spytihnev IIDuke Spytihnev with mitre and lance contemporary depiction in the Svatovitska apokalypsa Apocalypse of Saint Vitus manuscript 11th centuryDuke of BohemiaReignJanuary 1055 28 January 1061PredecessorBretislav ISuccessorVratislaus IIBorn1031Died 1061 01 28 28 January 1061 aged 30 SpouseIda of Wettin Kresimir III Croatia daughter BarbaraIssuenot known VuKhan father from MaraDynastyPremyslidFatherBretislav IMotherJudith of Schweinfurt Contents 1 Life 2 Marriage 3 Notes 4 ReferencesLife editHe was the eldest son of Duke Bretislav I d 1055 and his consort Judith of Schweinfurt 2 While his father entered into conflict with the Salian king Henry III young Spytihnev from 1039 onwards spent several years as a hostage at the German court When he succeeded his father as duke his coronation was celebrated with the first known rendition of Hospodine pomiluj ny the earliest known song in Czech After his accession to the throne he went at once to Regensburg to receive imperial confirmation According to the contemporary chronicler Cosmas of Prague this loyalty to the Holy Roman Empire did not prevent him from expelling all Germans from his lands including his mother Judith and the new anti German policy continued to his death In 1056 Spytihnev had all the monks driven out of Sazava Abbey 3 yet despite this Pope Nicholas II sought the alliance of the Bohemian duke in 1059 4 Thus Rome granted Spytihnev the right to wear the mitre and tunic of a bishop for the annual sum of 100 marks 4 5 His brothers having inherited Moravia Spytihnev tried to reduce their authority by arresting 300 Moravian magnates and stripping his brothers of their rights in the province Thus Vratislaus of Olomouc fled to Hungary in 1058 Spytihnev was succeeded by Vratislaus who in turn entrusted Moravia to his brother Conrad Marriage editAbout 1054 Spytihnev was married to Ida of Wettin Hidda 6 a daughter of Margrave Theodoric II of Lusatia They had Svatobor Friedrich Patriarch of Aquileia in 1084 Shortly afterwards on 23 Feb 1086 he was murdered 7 Notes edit In his imperial chronicle the Annalista Saxo mentions Spitigneus dux de Boemia in the year 1058 Iuditha soror Ottonis ducis de Suinvorde uxor Bracilai ductrix Boemiorum obiit 4 Non Augusti Quam quia filius suus Spitigneus dux de Boemia eiecerat cum non posset aliter iniuriam ulcisci in filio ad contumeliam eius et omnium Boemorum nupserat Petro regi Ungariorum Hec postea a filio suo Wratizlao duce inde translata est et Prage sepulta iuxta virum suum Brazilaum in ecclesia Annalista Saxo dmgh de p 692 Berend Urbanczyk amp Wiszewski 2013 p 166 Curta 2017 p 489 a b Berend Urbanczyk amp Wiszewski 2013 p 384 Bazant 2003 p 41 Thompson 1926 p 621 Gresser 2006 p 256 References edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Spytihnev II Duke of Bohemia Bazant Jan 2003 The Classical Tradition in Czech Medieval Art Peter Lang Berend Nora Urbanczyk Przemyslaw Wiszewski Przemyslaw 2013 Central Europe in the High Middle Ages Bohemia Hungary and Poland c 900 c 1300 Cambridge University Press Curta Florin 2017 Foundation of Sazava Abbey In Curta Florin Holt Andrew eds Great Events in Religion An Encyclopedia of Pivotal Events in Religious History Vol I ABC CLIO Gresser Georg 2006 Die Synoden und Konzilien in der Zeit des Reformpapsttums in Deutschland und Italien von Leo IX bis Calixt II 1049 1123 Ferdinand Schoningh Thompson James Westfall 1926 Medieval German Expansion in Bohemia The Slavonic Review 4 12 Spytihnev II Duke of BohemiaPremyslid dynastyBorn 1031 Died 28 January 1061 Regnal titles Preceded byBretislaus I Duke of Bohemia1055 1061 Succeeded byVratislaus II Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Spytihnev II Duke of Bohemia amp oldid 1220680832, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
