Adults have a rusty cap and grey underparts with a small dark spot on the breast. They have a rusty back with lighter stripes, brown wings with white bars and a slim tail. Their face is grey with a rusty line through the eye. Their flanks are splashed with light brown. They are similar in appearance to the chipping sparrow.
Distribution and habitatedit
Their breeding habitat is tundra or the northern limits of the boreal forest in Alaska and northern Canada. They nest on the ground. American tree sparrows migrate into southern Canada and the United States to spend the winter.
Diet and behavioredit
These birds forage on the ground or in low bushes, often in flocks when not nesting. They mainly eat seeds and insects, but also eat some berries. They are commonly seen near feeders with dark-eyed juncos.
Calledit
This bird's song is a sweet high warble descending in pitch and becoming buzzy near the finish.
Referencesedit
^BirdLife International (2021). "Passerella arborea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T22721159A138528295. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T22721159A138528295.en. Retrieved 2 October 2022.
^Sandrock, James; Prior, Jean C. (2014). The Scientific Nomenclature of Birds in the Upper Midwest. Iowa City, IA, US: University of Iowa Press. p. 137. ISBN978-1-60938-225-4.
^"American Tree Sparrow Identification, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology". www.allaboutbirds.org. Retrieved 2020-09-29.
Slager, D.L.; Klicka, J. 2014: A new genus for the American tree sparrow (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerellidae). Zootaxa, 3821(3): 398–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3821.3.9
Further readingedit
Bookedit
Naugler, C. T. 1993. American Tree Sparrow (Spizella arborea). In The Birds of North America, No. 37. (A. Poole, P. Stettenheim, and F. Gill, Eds.). Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists' Union.
Thesisedit
Heydweiller AM. Ph.D. (1936). LIFE HISTORY OF THE TREE SPARROW, SPIZELLA ARBOREA. Cornell University, United States, New York.
Naugler CT. M.Sc. (1992). Effects of the acoustic environment on song structure and song recognition in the American tree sparrow (Spizella arborea). Queen's University at Kingston (Canada), Canada.
Articlesedit
Cusick EK & Wilson FE. (1972). On Control of Spontaneous Testicular Regression in Tree Sparrows Spizella-Arborea. General & Comparative Endocrinology. vol 19, no 3. pp. 441–456.
Delisle JM & Savidge JA. (1997). Avian use and vegetation characteristics of conservation reserve program fields. Journal of Wildlife Management. vol 61, no 2. pp. 318–325.
Durairaj G & Martin EW. (1970). Fatty-Acid Composition of the Tree Sparrow Spizella-Arborea. American Zoologist. vol 10, no 3.
Hannah KC. (2005). An apparent case of cooperative hunting in immature Northern Shrikes. Wilson Bulletin. vol 117, no 4. pp. 407–409.
Helms CW & Smythe RB. (1969). Variation in Major Body Components of the Tree Sparrow Spizella-Arborea Sampled within the Winter Range. Wilson Bulletin. vol 81, no 3. pp. 280–292.
Keiper RR. (1969). Causal Factors of Stereotypies in Caged Birds Serinus-Canarius Serinus-Mozambicus Serinus-Leucopygius Spizella-Arborea Junco-Hyemalis Cyanocitta-Cristata Rearing. Animal Behaviour. vol 17, no 1. pp. 114–119.
Martin EW. (1968). The Effects of Dietary Protein on the Energy and Nitrogen Balance of the Tree Sparrow Spizella-Arborea-Arborea. Physiological Zoology. vol 41, no 3. pp. 313–331.
Morrison JV & Wilson FE. (1972). Ovarian Growth in Tree Sparrows Spizella-Arborea. Auk. vol 89, no 1. pp. 146–155.
Paton PWC & Pogson TH. (1996). Relative abundance, migration strategy, and habitat use of birds breeding in Denali National Park, Alaska. Canadian Field-Naturalist. vol 110, no 4. pp. 599–606.
Stuebe MM & Ketterson ED. (1982). A STUDY OF FASTING IN TREE SPARROWS (SPIZELLA-ARBOREA) AND DARK-EYED JUNCOS (JUNCO-HYEMALIS) - ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS. Auk. vol 99, no 2. pp. 299–308.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to the American tree sparrow.
Wikispecies has information related to Spizelloides arborea.
American tree sparrow species account - Cornell Lab of Ornithology
American tree sparrow - Spizella arborea - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
American tree sparrow photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
Interactive range map of Spizella arborea at IUCN Red List maps
January 01, 1970
american, tree, sparrow, spizelloides, arborea, also, known, winter, sparrow, medium, sized, world, sparrow, conservation, status, least, concern, iucn, scientific, classification, domain, eukaryota, kingdom, animalia, phylum, chordata, class, aves, order, pas. The American tree sparrow Spizelloides arborea also known as the winter sparrow 2 is a medium sized New World sparrow American tree sparrow Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Passeriformes Family Passerellidae Genus SpizelloidesSlager amp Klicka 2014 Species S arborea Binomial name Spizelloides arborea Wilson 1810 Synonyms Spizella monticolaSpizella arboreaPasserella arborea American tree sparrow in Central Park Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Diet and behavior 4 1 Call 5 References 6 Further reading 6 1 Book 6 2 Thesis 6 3 Articles 7 External linksTaxonomy editIt had been classified under the genus Spizella but multilocus molecular evidence suggested placement in its own genus Description editMeasurements 3 Length 5 5 in 14 cm Weight 0 5 1 0 oz 13 28 g Wingspan 9 4 in 24 cm Adults have a rusty cap and grey underparts with a small dark spot on the breast They have a rusty back with lighter stripes brown wings with white bars and a slim tail Their face is grey with a rusty line through the eye Their flanks are splashed with light brown They are similar in appearance to the chipping sparrow Distribution and habitat editTheir breeding habitat is tundra or the northern limits of the boreal forest in Alaska and northern Canada They nest on the ground American tree sparrows migrate into southern Canada and the United States to spend the winter Diet and behavior editThese birds forage on the ground or in low bushes often in flocks when not nesting They mainly eat seeds and insects but also eat some berries They are commonly seen near feeders with dark eyed juncos Call edit This bird s song is a sweet high warble descending in pitch and becoming buzzy near the finish References edit BirdLife International 2021 Passerella arborea IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021 e T22721159A138528295 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2021 3 RLTS T22721159A138528295 en Retrieved 2 October 2022 Sandrock James Prior Jean C 2014 The Scientific Nomenclature of Birds in the Upper Midwest Iowa City IA US University of Iowa Press p 137 ISBN 978 1 60938 225 4 American Tree Sparrow Identification All About Birds Cornell Lab of Ornithology www allaboutbirds org Retrieved 2020 09 29 Slager D L Klicka J 2014 A new genus for the American tree sparrow Aves Passeriformes Passerellidae Zootaxa 3821 3 398 400 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 3821 3 9Further reading editBook edit Naugler C T 1993 American Tree Sparrow Spizella arborea In The Birds of North America No 37 A Poole P Stettenheim and F Gill Eds Philadelphia The Academy of Natural Sciences Washington DC The American Ornithologists Union Thesis edit Heydweiller AM Ph D 1936 LIFE HISTORY OF THE TREE SPARROW SPIZELLA ARBOREA Cornell University United States New York Naugler CT M Sc 1992 Effects of the acoustic environment on song structure and song recognition in the American tree sparrow Spizella arborea Queen s University at Kingston Canada Canada Articles edit Cusick EK amp Wilson FE 1972 On Control of Spontaneous Testicular Regression in Tree Sparrows Spizella Arborea General amp Comparative Endocrinology vol 19 no 3 pp 441 456 Delisle JM amp Savidge JA 1997 Avian use and vegetation characteristics of conservation reserve program fields Journal of Wildlife Management vol 61 no 2 pp 318 325 Durairaj G amp Martin EW 1970 Fatty Acid Composition of the Tree Sparrow Spizella Arborea American Zoologist vol 10 no 3 Hannah KC 2005 An apparent case of cooperative hunting in immature Northern Shrikes Wilson Bulletin vol 117 no 4 pp 407 409 Helms CW amp Smythe RB 1969 Variation in Major Body Components of the Tree Sparrow Spizella Arborea Sampled within the Winter Range Wilson Bulletin vol 81 no 3 pp 280 292 Keiper RR 1969 Causal Factors of Stereotypies in Caged Birds Serinus Canarius Serinus Mozambicus Serinus Leucopygius Spizella Arborea Junco Hyemalis Cyanocitta Cristata Rearing Animal Behaviour vol 17 no 1 pp 114 119 Martin EW 1968 The Effects of Dietary Protein on the Energy and Nitrogen Balance of the Tree Sparrow Spizella Arborea Arborea Physiological Zoology vol 41 no 3 pp 313 331 Morrison JV amp Wilson FE 1972 Ovarian Growth in Tree Sparrows Spizella Arborea Auk vol 89 no 1 pp 146 155 Paton PWC amp Pogson TH 1996 Relative abundance migration strategy and habitat use of birds breeding in Denali National Park Alaska Canadian Field Naturalist vol 110 no 4 pp 599 606 Stuebe MM amp Ketterson ED 1982 A STUDY OF FASTING IN TREE SPARROWS SPIZELLA ARBOREA AND DARK EYED JUNCOS JUNCO HYEMALIS ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS Auk vol 99 no 2 pp 299 308 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to the American tree sparrow nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Spizelloides arborea American tree sparrow species account Cornell Lab of Ornithology American tree sparrow Spizella arborea USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter American tree sparrow media Internet Bird Collection American tree sparrow photo gallery at VIREO Drexel University Interactive range map of Spizella arborea at IUCN Red List maps Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title American tree sparrow amp oldid 1193608381, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
