The Southland Syncline is a major geological structure located in the Southland Region of New Zealand's South Island. The syncline folds the Mesozoicgreywackes of the Murihiku Terrane. The northern limb of the fold is steep to overturned, while the southern limb dips shallowly to the northeast.[1] The axial plan dips to the northeast and the axis plunges to the southeast.[2]
The parallel strike ridges of The Catlins, which form part of the syncline, can clearly be seen running from northwest to southeast in the upper part of this image.
The Murihiku Terrane is formed predominantly from Permian to Jurassic sedimentary rocks with minor igneous intrusions, and is marked by prominent strike ridges particularly on its northern limb due to the steeper dip.[3] These are created from the erosion of alternating strata of sandstone and mudstone.[4] The northern edge of this fold system is marked by the Murihiku Escarpment, at the southern extreme of the Waimea Plains.[5] Many of the names of stages and epochs in the Permian, Triassic, and Jurassic periods in the New Zealand geologic time scale are named for places within or close to the Southland Syncline and Murihiku Terrane.
In the west, the syncline meets the country's largest fault system, the Alpine Fault. This fault is a transform fault for much of its length, and as such the westernmost part of the Southland Syncline is not found in the Southland Region, but continues several hundred kilometres to the north in the Nelson-Tasman area.[8] The same fold is found as far north as the Auckland Region where it is called the Kaimango Syncline.[9]
Campbell, J. D.; Coombs, D. S. (1966). "Murihiku Supergroup (Triassic—Jurassic) of Southland and South Otago". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 9 (4): 393–398. doi:10.1080/00288306.1966.10422483. ISSN 0028-8306.
Challinor, A. B. (2001). "Stratigraphy of Tithonian (Ohauan‐Puaroan) marine beds near Port Waikato, New Zealand, and a redescription of Belemnopsis aucklandica (Hochstetter)". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 44 (2): 219–242. doi:10.1080/00288306.2001.9514936. ISSN 0028-8306.
Cawood, Peter A. (1986). "Stratigraphic and structural relations of the southern Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt and enclosing strata, Northwestern Southland, New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. The Royal Society of New Zealand. 29 (2): 179–203. doi:10.1080/00288306.1986.10427534.
southland, syncline, major, geological, structure, located, southland, region, zealand, south, island, syncline, folds, mesozoic, greywackes, murihiku, terrane, northern, limb, fold, steep, overturned, while, southern, limb, dips, shallowly, northeast, axial, . The Southland Syncline is a major geological structure located in the Southland Region of New Zealand s South Island The syncline folds the Mesozoic greywackes of the Murihiku Terrane The northern limb of the fold is steep to overturned while the southern limb dips shallowly to the northeast 1 The axial plan dips to the northeast and the axis plunges to the southeast 2 The parallel strike ridges of The Catlins which form part of the syncline can clearly be seen running from northwest to southeast in the upper part of this image The Murihiku Terrane is formed predominantly from Permian to Jurassic sedimentary rocks with minor igneous intrusions and is marked by prominent strike ridges particularly on its northern limb due to the steeper dip 3 These are created from the erosion of alternating strata of sandstone and mudstone 4 The northern edge of this fold system is marked by the Murihiku Escarpment at the southern extreme of the Waimea Plains 5 Many of the names of stages and epochs in the Permian Triassic and Jurassic periods in the New Zealand geologic time scale are named for places within or close to the Southland Syncline and Murihiku Terrane The ridges run northwest from the Pacific coast in the Catlins to the Takitimu Range and includes the Hokonui Hills 6 which rise above the otherwise flat land of the Southland Plains to the south and Waimea Plains to the north The syncline dates from the Cretaceous 7 though the Hokonui Hills are caused by more recent uplift 6 In the west the syncline meets the country s largest fault system the Alpine Fault This fault is a transform fault for much of its length and as such the westernmost part of the Southland Syncline is not found in the Southland Region but continues several hundred kilometres to the north in the Nelson Tasman area 8 The same fold is found as far north as the Auckland Region where it is called the Kaimango Syncline 9 See also editList of Rock Formations in New Zealand Nugget PointNotes edit Campbell amp Coombs 1966 pp 393 398 Cawood 1986 pp 179 203 Turnbull amp Allibone 2003 p 2 Turnbull amp Allibone 2003 p 13 Turnbull amp Allibone 2003 p 11 a b Grant 2015 Turnbull amp Allibone 2003 p 54 McLintock 1966 Challinor 2001 pp 219 242 References editCampbell J D Coombs D S 1966 Murihiku Supergroup Triassic Jurassic of Southland and South Otago New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 9 4 393 398 doi 10 1080 00288306 1966 10422483 ISSN 0028 8306 Challinor A B 2001 Stratigraphy of Tithonian Ohauan Puaroan marine beds near Port Waikato New Zealand and a redescription of Belemnopsis aucklandica Hochstetter New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 44 2 219 242 doi 10 1080 00288306 2001 9514936 ISSN 0028 8306 Cawood Peter A 1986 Stratigraphic and structural relations of the southern Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt and enclosing strata Northwestern Southland New Zealand New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics The Royal Society of New Zealand 29 2 179 203 doi 10 1080 00288306 1986 10427534 Grant David 25 May 2015 Southland Region Geology and landforms Te Ara The Encyclopedia of New Zealand Retrieved 19 March 2019 McLintock A H 1966 Southland land district Te Ara The Encyclopedia of New Zealand Retrieved 19 March 2019 Turnbull Ian M Allibone Andrew Harold 2003 Geology of the Murihiku area Wellington New Zealand Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences ISBN 0 478 09800 6 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Southland Syncline amp oldid 1136247273, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
