Solomon Islands National Museum

The Solomon Islands National Museum is the national museum of the Solomon Islands and is located in Honiara.^[1] It is a department of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.^[2]

Solomon Islands National Museum

Solomon Islands National Museum
Formation	1969
Founded at	Honiara
Type	Governmental
Coordinates	9°25′52″S 159°57′15″E / 9.43111°S 159.95417°E / -9.43111; 159.95417
Director	Tony Heorake
Staff (2018)	15
Website	solomons.gov.sb/ministry-of-culture-and-tourism/solomon-islands-national-museum

History

The museum officially opened in June 1969.^[3] However, the museum was initiated in the 1951, when the islands were a British protectorate. The collection was formed by Geoffrey F. C. Dennis and James L. O. Tedder, amongst others, who were interested in the material culture of the Solomon Islands and combined their private collections.^[4] The collections were exhibited in a number of locations in Honiara, including the Solomon Islands Teacher Training College,^[5] until the Gulbenkian Foundation funded the purpose-built museum.^[4] The new museum was organised by the Honiara Museum Association, which was mostly made up of expatriate colonial officers, however there was limited representation of the islanders from Solomon Dakei and Silas Sitai.^[5] At this point Solomon Islanders began to donate some of their own items of cultural importance to the collection.^[4]

In 1972 the museum became a government institution and expanded its site in Honiara, as well as expanding its activities to outlying islands.^[4]

During the period of ethnic violence from 1999 to 2003, the museum continued to function, but was looted and many important cultural artefacts are lost: shell money valuables were removed for local use; other objects were sold to overseas collectors.^[4]

Collections and research

The museum consists of a number of buildings, which each contain their own gallery, examining themes such as inter-island politics and Solomon Islands independence.^[1] The museum's compound also contains offices and an auditorium, with outdoor stage.^[6] The museum holds over two thousand objects and the collection includes natural science specimens, archaeological artefacts and objects relating to the Second World War.^[3] It also holds marine and geological specimens.^[5] In 1972 the museum began to collect contemporary sculpture.^[7] In 1988 the museum collaborated with Osaka University to record and document music and dance traditions of the islands.^[8] In 2014 the museum hosted an exhibition to commemorate Australian South Sea Islanders who were ""black birded" to work in the sugar cane fields of Queensland and Northern New South Wales between 1863 and 1904".^[9]

Archaeology

The museum has an active archaeological research programme. This has includes several research excavation on Santa Isabel, most recently in the 2010s in the Kia area.^[10] In 2016 the museum collaborated on a programme of archaeological excavation at Apunirereha, East Are’Are in Malaita Province. The site is a rock shelter used by prehistoric people and has deposits which included faunal remains, stone tools, shells and human remains.^[11]

Overseas collections

Due to a legacy of colonial exploitation of the Solomon Islands, important objects reflecting the country's cultural heritage are held in foreign collections.^[12] Some of these institutions include: Horniman Museum;^[13] the Cooper Hewitt;^[14] National Museums Scotland;^[15] the Metropolitan Museum of Art;^[16] the Science Museum Group;^[17] In 2019 the British Museum opened a new display on the history of collecting in the Solomon Islands, which exhibited five objects with five different stories of acquisition.^[18]

Repatriation

In 1973 the Solomon Islands Museum requested the return of a shell-inlaid shield and other items from the Australian Museum. The request was denied by the Australian Museum on the grounds that "the shield was the only one of its kind in Australia, whereas other museums in the USA and UK each held several examples of better quality".^[12][19]

The British Museum has many objects from the Solomon Islands in its collections, including a feast trough which was stolen in 1891 in a punitive expedition by Captain Edward Davis.^[20] Davis looted this and many other objects, later selling them in London; the British Museum has fifty objects it purchased from Davis in its collection.^[21][22] In 2018 the trough was displayed at the Royal Academy in its exhibition Oceania and at the time, the Solomon Islanders expressed a desire for its repatriation.^[20][23][24] Another highly significant object in the British Museum is a war canoe from Vella Lavella, which is the largest watercraft in the museum's collections.^[25] The canoe was built in 1910 by Jiosi Angele, who was commissioned to build it by a member of the colonial government.^[26] It was purchased in 1913 by William Lever, brought to the UK and subsequently donated to the British Museum.^[26] The museum and its academic partners invested in what was termed "digital repatriation" of the canoe, where the boat was scanned at a high resolution and the digital data transferred to the Solomon Islands.^[26] However, many places in the Pacific, including the Solomon Islands, do not have access to the same digital infrastructure as Europe.^[27]

Notable people

• Lawrence Foanaota, former Director
• Tony Heorake, Director

Gallery

•  

  Compound of SINM

•  

  Honiara Open-Air Stage

•  

  Monument marking gift from Fiji on 35th anniversary of Solomon Islands independence

•  

  Photo of Bishop John Selwyn, displayed at Solomon Islands National Museum

References

1. "Commonwealth Walkway Trust – National Museum". Commonwealth Walkway Trust. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
2. "Ministry of Culture and Tourism – My SIG Services Portal". Retrieved 2021-04-15.
3. "Solomon Islands National Museum". from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
4. Hazelgrove Planel, Lucie; Thomas, Nicholas (2018). Solomon Islands National Museum - MUSEUMS, CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT IN SOLOMON ISLANDS: HERITAGE MATTERS REPORT (PDF). Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Cambridge.
5. Lindstrom, Lamont; White, Geoffrey Miles (1994). Culture, Kastom, Tradition: Developing Cultural Policy in Melanesia. [e-mail]. ISBN 978-982-02-0102-6.
6. Solomon Islands Museum Brochure (PDF). MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND TOURISM.
7. Art and AsiaPacific. Fine Arts Press. 1998.
8. Colloquium, International Council for Traditional Music; Music, International Council for Traditional (1992). Music and Dance of Aboriginal Australia and the South Pacific: The Effects of Documentation on the Living Tradition : Papers and Discussions of the Colloquium of the International Council for Traditional Music, Held in Townsville, Queensland, Australia, 1988. University of Sydney. ISBN 978-0-86758-575-9.
9. ""Blackbirding" to be Highlighted on National Museum Day - Solomon Times Online". SolomonTimes.com. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
10. Carter, Melissa Jane, David Roe, and John Keopo. "Recent recoveries of archaeological ceramics on Santa Isabel, central Solomon Islands." Journal of Pacific Archaeology 3.2 (2012): 62-68.
11. "Solomon Islands Museum Prepares Archaeological Exhibition Of East ꞌAreꞌare Artifacts | Pacific Islands Report". www.pireport.org. from the original on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
12. Specht, Jim; Bolton, Lissant (2005). "Pacific islands' artefact collections: the UNESCO inventory project". Journal of Museum Ethnography (17): 58–74. ISSN 0954-7169. JSTOR 40793769.
13. "Solomon Islands". Horniman Museum and Gardens. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
14. "Fishhook (Solomon Islands), Before 1917". Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
15. Haddow, Eve. National Museums Scotland - Solomon Islands Collection (PDF).
16. "Shell Plaque (Barava)". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
17. "Cane comb, Solomon Islands | Science Museum Group Collection". collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
18. "Collecting Histories: Solomon Islands Featured in British Museum - Solomon Times Online". SolomonTimes.com. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
19. BONSHEK, ELIZABETH, 2004. Ownership and a peripatetic collection: Raymond Firth’s Collection from Tikopia, Solomon Islands. In A Pacific Odyssey: Archaeology and Anthropology in the Western Pacific. Papers in Honour of Jim Specht, ed. Val Attenbrow and Richard Fullagar, pp. 37–45. Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 29. Sydney: Australian Museum.
20. Low, Bernard Lagan, Sydney | Valentine. "Solomon Islanders tell museum bosses to return looted 'cannibal' trough". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 2021-04-15.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
21. "Looted 'cannibal' bowl will not travel to Quai Branly in Paris for Oceania exhibition". www.theartnewspaper.com. 14 January 2019. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
22. "bowl | British Museum". The British Museum. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
23. "Solomon Islanders Demand British Museum Returns 'Cannibal' Feast Bowl | Frieze". Frieze. 2 October 2018. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
24. "Counter-Narratives of Empire and the 'Oceania' Exhibition". History Workshop. 2019-02-25. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
25. "canoe | British Museum". The British Museum. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
26. Hess, Mona; Robson, Stuart; Millar, Francesca Simon; Were, Graeme; Hviding, Edvard; Berg, Arne Cato (September 2009). "Niabara - the Western Solomon Islands War Canoe at the British Museum - 3D Documentation, Virtual Reconstruction and Digital Repatriation". 2009 15th International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia. Vienna, Austria: IEEE. pp. 41–46. doi:10.1109/VSMM.2009.12. ISBN 978-0-7695-3790-0. S2CID 19744240.
27. Hundleby, Irene Karongo. "The Weave Within: Malaitan arts, music and culture in the twenty-first century". nomadit.co.uk. Retrieved 2021-04-15.