The siege of Novi Zrin (New Zrin Castle); Croatian: Utvrda Novi Zrin; Hungarian: Új-Zrínyivár; Turkish: Zerinvar) in June/July 1664 was last of the military conflicts between the Croatian forces (with allies) led by Nikola Zrinski, Ban (viceroy) of Croatia, and the Ottoman army commanded by Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha, Grand Vizier, dealing with possession of Novi Zrin Castle, defended by Croats, situated on the bank and marshy islands of Mura River, near the border line between northern Croatia and southwestern part of Hungary, at the time occupied by the Ottomans. The battle resulted in destruction[1] of the castle, and retreat of the Croatian crew, which was forced to withdraw to safer territory of inland Croatia.
Despite local skirmishes and battles along the Ottoman border with Croatia, Hungary and Transylvania at the beginning of the 1660s, there was a period of unstable and insecure (tacit assumption) temporary peace between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. It seemed that both sides wanted to keep it; however, Leopold I of Habsburg, twenty-year-old inexperienced Emperor, under strong influence of his advisors, feared Ottoman campaign towards Vienna and possible siege of the Austrian capital, so he kept the majority of his military forces close to Vienna.
At the same time, Nikola Zrinski, Croatian ban and brave and skillful warrior, well-known all over Europe, demanded support from the Viennese court to consolidate and reinforce the border line in northern Croatia, by constructing new fortifications that would parry and neutralize the Ottoman threat from Kanije Eyalet in the occupied southwestern Hungary, but with no success. In 1661 Zrinski started construction of new stronghold - Novi Zrin Castle, on his own, at the confluence of the Mura River with the Drava, finishing it during 1662. Since then, the castle was attacked several times by the Ottomans, especially in 1663, but its defence was solid and successful.
Siege
At the beginning of June 1664 a large Ottoman army, numbering up to 100,000 men (some sources mention even much more), including around 40,000 Ottoman and 30,000 Tatar fighters, led personally by the Grand Vizier Köprülü, was moving from Constantinople to the northwest and approaching Novi Zrin (later to fight in the Battle of Saint Gotthard on 1 August 1664). The defenders of Novi Zrin consisted mostly of Croatian and German soldiers (around 3,000 men in total), while the majority of the Habsburg army (30,000 men), encamped near Saint Gotthard, awaited the outcome of Novi Zrin battle. As the siege of Novi Zrin was ongoing, Crimean Tatars led by kahn's son Ahmed Giray raided the Croatian countryside, which according to Evliya Celeby'sSeyahatnâme resulted in sack of Krapina.[3]
On 5 June 1664 Köprülü ordered siege and continuous attacks upon the castle. After a few weeks of fighting, with exhausted defenders receiving only insignificant reinforcements from the Emperor's headquarters, the Turks managed to dig lagums, or tunnels, below the bastions and ignited gunpowder to blow them up. On 7 July 1664 the strong explosions destroyed parts of the walls, making big holes. Aggressors consequently rushed and penetrated into the castle.
The surviving and enormously outnumbered Croatian defenders were forced to withdraw from the castle and abandon the Mura River area. Ottoman commanders gave the order to their soldiers to destroy Novi Zrin completely to the ground and then marched their army northwards, first towards Kanije and then towards Saint Gotthard.
Aftermath
The destruction of Novi Zrin, together with a little bit later (on 10 August 1664) signed the Peace of Vasvár, that was recognized by many Croatian and Hungarian magnates like Zrinski as unfavourable and shameful. Their tension with the Habsburg government lead to the Zrinski–Frankopan conspiracy. Later in the same year Zrinski died, allegedly killed by a wild boar, but the rest of magnates continued the conspiracy, which ended tragically in 1671.
Novi Zrin was never rebuilt.[1] Today there is only a memorialobelisk on the place where the castle once was.
^Çelebi, Evliya (1996). Putopis: odlomci o jugoslavenskim zemljama (in Bosnian). Sarajevo: "Sarajevo - Publishing". pp. 503–509.
Sources
Feletar, Dragutin (September 2011). "Legradska kapetanija u obrani od Osmanlija s posebnim osvrtom na Novi Zrin" [Role of the Legrad Military District in the Defence against the Ottoman Empire - Special Emphasis on Novi Zrin]. Rad Hrvatske Akademije Znanosti i Umjetnosti (in Croatian). Zagreb: The Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (510=48): 47–81. ISSN 1330-0768. 48=510(2011):47-81.
External links
Siege of Novi Zrin lasted from early June until early July 1664
Rise and fall of New Zrin Castle, including final battle during June and July 1664
Novi Zrin memorial obelisk
General Strozzi biography
January 06, 2023
siege, novi, zrin, 1664, siege, novi, zrin, zrin, castle, croatian, utvrda, novi, zrin, hungarian, zrínyivár, turkish, zerinvar, june, july, 1664, last, military, conflicts, between, croatian, forces, with, allies, nikola, zrinski, viceroy, croatia, ottoman, a. The siege of Novi Zrin New Zrin Castle Croatian Utvrda Novi Zrin Hungarian Uj Zrinyivar Turkish Zerinvar in June July 1664 was last of the military conflicts between the Croatian forces with allies led by Nikola Zrinski Ban viceroy of Croatia and the Ottoman army commanded by Koprulu Fazil Ahmed Pasha Grand Vizier dealing with possession of Novi Zrin Castle defended by Croats situated on the bank and marshy islands of Mura River near the border line between northern Croatia and southwestern part of Hungary at the time occupied by the Ottomans The battle resulted in destruction 1 of the castle and retreat of the Croatian crew which was forced to withdraw to safer territory of inland Croatia Siege of Novi Zrin 1664 Part of the Croatian Ottoman warsand Ottoman Habsburg warsNovi Zrin Castle situated on the right bank of the Mura River Muhr flus in 1664 before it was destroyed Date5 June 7 July 1664LocationUj Zrinyivar Novi Zrin Castle Somogy County Kingdom of HungaryResultOttoman victory Destruction of Novi ZrinBelligerents Habsburg Monarchy Kingdom of Croatia Kingdom of Hungary League of the RhineOttoman Empire Crimean Khanate Ottoman protectorate Commanders and leadersNikola Zrinski Ban viceroy of Croatia General Wolfgang Julius count of Hohenlohe General Peter count of Strozzi Koprulu Fazil Ahmed Pasha Grand Vizier Ismail Pasha Bosniak Evliya CelebiStrength 1200 German 700 Hungarian among 30 Hajduks and Croatian defenders in the open fields around 2700030 000 1 Casualties and losses 15 000 killed 2 Unknown Depiction of Battle of Novi Zrin in 1663 when Croatian defenders successfully defended the fort Memorial obelisk on the place where the castle once was Contents 1 Historical background 2 Siege 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 References 6 Sources 7 External linksHistorical background EditDespite local skirmishes and battles along the Ottoman border with Croatia Hungary and Transylvania at the beginning of the 1660s there was a period of unstable and insecure tacit assumption temporary peace between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire It seemed that both sides wanted to keep it however Leopold I of Habsburg twenty year old inexperienced Emperor under strong influence of his advisors feared Ottoman campaign towards Vienna and possible siege of the Austrian capital so he kept the majority of his military forces close to Vienna At the same time Nikola Zrinski Croatian ban and brave and skillful warrior well known all over Europe demanded support from the Viennese court to consolidate and reinforce the border line in northern Croatia by constructing new fortifications that would parry and neutralize the Ottoman threat from Kanije Eyalet in the occupied southwestern Hungary but with no success In 1661 Zrinski started construction of new stronghold Novi Zrin Castle on his own at the confluence of the Mura River with the Drava finishing it during 1662 Since then the castle was attacked several times by the Ottomans especially in 1663 but its defence was solid and successful Siege EditAt the beginning of June 1664 a large Ottoman army numbering up to 100 000 men some sources mention even much more including around 40 000 Ottoman and 30 000 Tatar fighters led personally by the Grand Vizier Koprulu was moving from Constantinople to the northwest and approaching Novi Zrin later to fight in the Battle of Saint Gotthard on 1 August 1664 The defenders of Novi Zrin consisted mostly of Croatian and German soldiers around 3 000 men in total while the majority of the Habsburg army 30 000 men encamped near Saint Gotthard awaited the outcome of Novi Zrin battle As the siege of Novi Zrin was ongoing Crimean Tatars led by kahn s son Ahmed Giray raided the Croatian countryside which according to Evliya Celeby s Seyahatname resulted in sack of Krapina 3 On 5 June 1664 Koprulu ordered siege and continuous attacks upon the castle After a few weeks of fighting with exhausted defenders receiving only insignificant reinforcements from the Emperor s headquarters the Turks managed to dig lagums or tunnels below the bastions and ignited gunpowder to blow them up On 7 July 1664 the strong explosions destroyed parts of the walls making big holes Aggressors consequently rushed and penetrated into the castle The surviving and enormously outnumbered Croatian defenders were forced to withdraw from the castle and abandon the Mura River area Ottoman commanders gave the order to their soldiers to destroy Novi Zrin completely to the ground and then marched their army northwards first towards Kanije and then towards Saint Gotthard Aftermath EditThe destruction of Novi Zrin together with a little bit later on 10 August 1664 signed the Peace of Vasvar that was recognized by many Croatian and Hungarian magnates like Zrinski as unfavourable and shameful Their tension with the Habsburg government lead to the Zrinski Frankopan conspiracy Later in the same year Zrinski died allegedly killed by a wild boar but the rest of magnates continued the conspiracy which ended tragically in 1671 Novi Zrin was never rebuilt 1 Today there is only a memorial obelisk on the place where the castle once was See also Edit War portalCroatian Ottoman Wars Austro Turkish War 1663 64 Ottoman Habsburg wars Ottoman wars in EuropeReferences Edit a b c Feletar 2011 p 81 Vincent Mignot 1787 Celebi Evliya 1996 Putopis odlomci o jugoslavenskim zemljama in Bosnian Sarajevo Sarajevo Publishing pp 503 509 Sources EditFeletar Dragutin September 2011 Legradska kapetanija u obrani od Osmanlija s posebnim osvrtom na Novi Zrin Role of the Legrad Military District in the Defence against the Ottoman Empire Special Emphasis on Novi Zrin Rad Hrvatske Akademije Znanosti i Umjetnosti in Croatian Zagreb The Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts 510 48 47 81 ISSN 1330 0768 48 510 2011 47 81 External links EditSiege of Novi Zrin lasted from early June until early July 1664 Rise and fall of New Zrin Castle including final battle during June and July 1664 Novi Zrin fort was destroyed by Turks just several years after it was built Novi Zrin memorial obelisk General Strozzi biography Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Siege of Novi Zrin 1664 amp oldid 1126518300, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
