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Shvetsov ASh-82

January 06, 2023

The Shvetsov ASh-82 (M-82) is a Soviet 14-cylinder, two-row, air-cooled radial aircraft engine developed from the Shvetsov M-62. The M-62 was the result of development of the M-25, which was a licensed version of the Wright R-1820 Cyclone.

ASh-82
Preserved Shvetsov ASh-82 at the Prague Aviation Museum, Kbely
Type Radial engine
National origin Soviet Union
Manufacturer Shvetsov & Evich, OKB-19 in Perm'
First run 1940
Major applications Lavochkin La-5
Mil Mi-4
Petlyakov Pe-8
Polikarpov I-185
Sukhoi Su-2
Number built 70,000 (57,898 of Ash-82, 82F & 82FN in wartime)
Developed from Shvetsov M-62
Developed into Shvetsov ASh-21

Design and development

Arkadiy Shvetsov re-engineered the Wright Cyclone design, through the OKB-19 design bureau he headed, for Russian aviation engine manufacturing practices and metric dimensions and fasteners, reducing the stroke, dimensions and weight. This allowed the engine to be used in light aircraft, where an American-design Twin Cyclone, of some 930 kg (2,045 lb) weight in "dry" condition could not be installed.[1]

The engine entered production in 1940 and saw service in a number of Soviet aircraft. It powered the Tupolev Tu-2 and Pe-8 bombers and the inline engine-powered LaGG-3 was adapted for the ASh-82 producing the famous Lavochkin La-5 fighter and its development, Lavochkin La-7, additionally the Lavochkin La-9 with its Lavochkin La-11 escort variant and Ilyushin Il-14 airliner were created around the engine. Over 70,000 ASh-82s were built. They were built in the 1950s to 1960s era under licence, both in Czechoslovakia (as the M-82) by the Walter (Motorlet) factory in Prague-Jinonice and in the German Democratic Republic by the VEB Industriewerke Karl-Marx-Stadt.

Variants

ASh-82-111 (M-82-111)
First mass-produced ASh-82, with carburettors and one two-speed supercharger. Engine had lubrication and carburettor problems in harsh winter conditions.
ASh-82-112 (M-82-112)
Improved M-82-111 with longer Time between overhaul (TBO) and better reliability. Redesigned carburettors, oil pumps, gear, turbocharger and reinforced pushrods.
ASh-82F (M-82F)
Identical to ASh-82 except for longer Time between overhaul and improved cooling and lubrication system.
ASh-82FNV (M-82FNV)
Improved M-82F with direct fuel injection, power output increased to 1,380 kW (1,850 hp) compared to the 1,268 kW (1,700 hp) of the M-82 and M-82F.[2]
ASh-82FN (M-82FN)
Series production M-82FNV,[2] used by Pe-8 long-range bombers and Lavochkin La-5FN and La-7 fighters.
ASh-21 (M-21)
Single-row 7-cylinder version of ASh-82 for Yakovlev Yak-11 trainer, entered production in 1946, used also to power e.g. the Mil Mi-1 helicopter.
 
ASh-82T aircraft engine. The black metal plates mid-engine are baffles that re-direct airflow from the front of the engine (on the right in this image) over the heads of the cylinders.
ASh-82T (M-82T)
New version of the ASh-82FNV developed in the early fifties for civilian aircraft. Previous version twin superchargers were replaced with a large single-speed compressor attached to an after-cooler (the critical altitude was 2,000 m, 6,561 ft). New alloys were used and some components were upgraded, thus reducing maintenance operations. Special care was put into reducing the engine noise level and an optional exhaust double silencer was available. The engine had a new fuel injection system and improved specific fuel consumption.
A four-blade high efficiency propeller, the Typ AV-50m, was developed for the 82T version. Take-off power was 1,900 hp (1,417 kW) at 2,600 RPM, with 95 octane Avgas. Maximum continuous power was 1,630 hp (1,215 kW). At 85 octane Avgas and minor modifications, power output was rated at 1,700 hp (1,268 kW).[3]
ASh-82V (M-82V)
Helicopter version of the ASh-82T developed in 1952, with axial-flow fan mounted in the fuselage's front. The engine was connected to a R-5 two-stage planetary primary gearbox with the help of a shaft (which was between the pilots seats). This engine was used in the Mi-4 and Yak-24 helicopters.[4]
ASh-2TK and ASh-2K (ASh-4K)
Four-row versions of the ASh-82, developed in the late '40s. The ASh-2TK had a two-stage two-speed supercharging system with intercooler (similar to the ASh-73) that compromised the engine's long TBO. Finally the ASh-2TK was discarded and a new version was developed, the ASh-4K, with an experimental variable-speed turbocharger and after-cooler, which allowed a cruising altitude of 11,000 m (36,089 ft). The engine had 82.4 litres (5,030 cu in) and 4,000 HP (2,985 kW) at 2,600 RPM (dry). The Ash-2K (ASh-4K) version had 4,700 HP (3,507 kW) wet, with a water-methanol system.
For political reasons, these engines were prematurely installed in Tupolev Tu-4LL testbeds at the end of 1950, when the prototypes' initial tests had barely begun. The engines had various teething and overheating problems, and required a long testing period. Most of the flaws were fixed in the mid-fifties, but the production was cancelled: in those days, the priority for the Soviet Air Force were the turboprop and jet engines.[5]
Dongan HS-7
A Chinese license built copy of the ASh-82FN, and the chosen engine for powering modern 21st century reproductions of the Focke-Wulf Fw 190A.[6][7]
Dongan HS-8
A modified version of the Dongan HS-7 which "combined the main body and supercharger of the HS-7 with the reduction gear and propeller drive of the Shvetsov ASh-82T".[citation needed] Built by Dongan Engine Manufacturing Company (aka Harbin Engine Factory).

Applications

 
Family tree of Shvetsov engines

Specifications (ASh-82T)

Data from [3][8]

General characteristics

  • Type: 14-cylinder two-row radial engine
  • Bore: 155.5 mm (6.122 in)
  • Stroke: 155 mm (6.102 in)
  • Displacement: 41.2107 L (2,514.83 cu in)
  • Length: 2,100 mm (82.7 in)
  • Diameter: 1,260 mm (49.6 in)
  • Dry weight: 1,020 kg (2,250 lb)

Components

  • Valvetrain: Pushrod, two valves per cylinder with sodium-cooled exhaust valve.
  • Supercharger: Single-speed centrifugal supercharger with after-cooler.
  • Fuel system: Direct fuel injection with automatic mixture control
  • Fuel type: 90 to 100 octane petrol
  • Oil system: Pressure fed with two pumps
  • Reduction gear: 9:16

Performance

  • Power output:
  • 1,400 kW (1,900 hp) at 2,600 rpm for take-off, boost rated at 1.64 atm (49 inHg)
  • 1,220 kW (1,630 hp) 2,400 rpm at 2,000 m (6,600 ft), boost rated at 1.34 atm (40 inHg)
  • 1,140 kW (1,530 hp) at 2,400 rpm at 4,000 m (13,000 ft), boost rated at 1.34 atm (40 inHg)
  • 538 kW (721 hp) at 2,400 rpm at 9,500 m (31,200 ft)
  • Compression ratio: 6.9:1
  • Specific fuel consumption:
  • Take-off:0.46–0.43 kg/kWh (0.76–0.71 lb/(hp⋅h))
  • Cruise:0.346–0.372 kg/kWh (0.568–0.611 lb/(hp⋅h))
  • Power-to-weight ratio: 1.46 kW/kg (0.89 hp/lb)

See also

Comparable engines

Related lists

References

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shvetsov ASh-82.

Notes

  1. ^ Witold Liss (1967). The Lavochkin La 5 & 7, number 149. Profile publications Ltd., P.O. Box, 1a North Street, Leatherhead, Surrey, UK. p. 3
  2. ^ a b Gordon, Yefim; Khazanov, Dmitri (1998). Soviet Combat Aircraft of the Second World War Vol. 1. Midland Publishing limited. p. 44. ISBN 1857800834.
  3. ^ a b ORDER. Chief of Civil Air Fleet. The Council of Ministers of the USSR. Number 508. August 5, 1963, Moscow. On enactment of the "Guide to Flight operation and piloting of the IL-14 with two engines AL-82T "
  4. ^ http://www.avid.ru/eng/pr/news/514/
  5. ^ Yefim Gordon, Vladimir Rigmant (2002). Tupolev Tu-4, Soviet Superfortress. Red Star. Vol. 7. Midland Publishing. pp. 54–59. ISBN 1-85780-142-3.
  6. ^ "Replică și original – FW 190". IAR 80 FLY AGAIN (in Romanian). October 2020.
  7. ^ Jason Moore (2017). Lavochkin Fighters of the Second World War.
  8. ^ Liss, Witold (1967). The Lavochkin La 5 & 7, number 149. Profile publications Ltd., P.O. Box, 1a North Street, Leatherhead, Surrey, UK. pp. 3, 5–6, 8–9.

January 06, 2023
shvetsov, this, article, uses, bare, urls, which, uninformative, vulnerable, link, please, consider, converting, them, full, citations, ensure, article, remains, verifiable, maintains, consistent, citation, style, several, templates, tools, available, assist, . This article uses bare URLs which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting such as Reflinks documentation reFill documentation and Citation bot documentation August 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Shvetsov ASh 82 M 82 is a Soviet 14 cylinder two row air cooled radial aircraft engine developed from the Shvetsov M 62 The M 62 was the result of development of the M 25 which was a licensed version of the Wright R 1820 Cyclone ASh 82Preserved Shvetsov ASh 82 at the Prague Aviation Museum KbelyType Radial engineNational origin Soviet UnionManufacturer Shvetsov amp Evich OKB 19 in Perm First run 1940Major applications Lavochkin La 5 Mil Mi 4 Petlyakov Pe 8 Polikarpov I 185 Sukhoi Su 2Number built 70 000 57 898 of Ash 82 82F amp 82FN in wartime Developed from Shvetsov M 62Developed into Shvetsov ASh 21 Contents 1 Design and development 2 Variants 3 Applications 4 Specifications ASh 82T 4 1 General characteristics 4 2 Components 4 3 Performance 5 See also 6 References 6 1 NotesDesign and development EditArkadiy Shvetsov re engineered the Wright Cyclone design through the OKB 19 design bureau he headed for Russian aviation engine manufacturing practices and metric dimensions and fasteners reducing the stroke dimensions and weight This allowed the engine to be used in light aircraft where an American design Twin Cyclone of some 930 kg 2 045 lb weight in dry condition could not be installed 1 The engine entered production in 1940 and saw service in a number of Soviet aircraft It powered the Tupolev Tu 2 and Pe 8 bombers and the inline engine powered LaGG 3 was adapted for the ASh 82 producing the famous Lavochkin La 5 fighter and its development Lavochkin La 7 additionally the Lavochkin La 9 with its Lavochkin La 11 escort variant and Ilyushin Il 14 airliner were created around the engine Over 70 000 ASh 82s were built They were built in the 1950s to 1960s era under licence both in Czechoslovakia as the M 82 by the Walter Motorlet factory in Prague Jinonice and in the German Democratic Republic by the VEB Industriewerke Karl Marx Stadt Variants EditASh 82 111 M 82 111 First mass produced ASh 82 with carburettors and one two speed supercharger Engine had lubrication and carburettor problems in harsh winter conditions ASh 82 112 M 82 112 Improved M 82 111 with longer Time between overhaul TBO and better reliability Redesigned carburettors oil pumps gear turbocharger and reinforced pushrods ASh 82F M 82F Identical to ASh 82 except for longer Time between overhaul and improved cooling and lubrication system ASh 82FNV M 82FNV Improved M 82F with direct fuel injection power output increased to 1 380 kW 1 850 hp compared to the 1 268 kW 1 700 hp of the M 82 and M 82F 2 ASh 82FN M 82FN Series production M 82FNV 2 used by Pe 8 long range bombers and Lavochkin La 5FN and La 7 fighters ASh 21 M 21 Single row 7 cylinder version of ASh 82 for Yakovlev Yak 11 trainer entered production in 1946 used also to power e g the Mil Mi 1 helicopter ASh 82T aircraft engine The black metal plates mid engine are baffles that re direct airflow from the front of the engine on the right in this image over the heads of the cylinders ASh 82T M 82T New version of the ASh 82FNV developed in the early fifties for civilian aircraft Previous version twin superchargers were replaced with a large single speed compressor attached to an after cooler the critical altitude was 2 000 m 6 561 ft New alloys were used and some components were upgraded thus reducing maintenance operations Special care was put into reducing the engine noise level and an optional exhaust double silencer was available The engine had a new fuel injection system and improved specific fuel consumption A four blade high efficiency propeller the Typ AV 50m was developed for the 82T version Take off power was 1 900 hp 1 417 kW at 2 600 RPM with 95 octane Avgas Maximum continuous power was 1 630 hp 1 215 kW At 85 octane Avgas and minor modifications power output was rated at 1 700 hp 1 268 kW 3 ASh 82V M 82V Helicopter version of the ASh 82T developed in 1952 with axial flow fan mounted in the fuselage s front The engine was connected to a R 5 two stage planetary primary gearbox with the help of a shaft which was between the pilots seats This engine was used in the Mi 4 and Yak 24 helicopters 4 ASh 2TK and ASh 2K ASh 4K Four row versions of the ASh 82 developed in the late 40s The ASh 2TK had a two stage two speed supercharging system with intercooler similar to the ASh 73 that compromised the engine s long TBO Finally the ASh 2TK was discarded and a new version was developed the ASh 4K with an experimental variable speed turbocharger and after cooler which allowed a cruising altitude of 11 000 m 36 089 ft The engine had 82 4 litres 5 030 cu in and 4 000 HP 2 985 kW at 2 600 RPM dry The Ash 2K ASh 4K version had 4 700 HP 3 507 kW wet with a water methanol system For political reasons these engines were prematurely installed in Tupolev Tu 4LL testbeds at the end of 1950 when the prototypes initial tests had barely begun The engines had various teething and overheating problems and required a long testing period Most of the flaws were fixed in the mid fifties but the production was cancelled in those days the priority for the Soviet Air Force were the turboprop and jet engines 5 Dongan HS 7 A Chinese license built copy of the ASh 82FN and the chosen engine for powering modern 21st century reproductions of the Focke Wulf Fw 190A 6 7 Dongan HS 8 A modified version of the Dongan HS 7 which combined the main body and supercharger of the HS 7 with the reduction gear and propeller drive of the Shvetsov ASh 82T citation needed Built by Dongan Engine Manufacturing Company aka Harbin Engine Factory Applications Edit Family tree of Shvetsov engines Amtorg KM 2 Improved PBY Catalina built under Consolidated license Douglas TS 82 Gudkov Gu 82 Prototype Ilyushin Il 2 prototype Ilyushin Il 12 Ilyushin Il 14 Kocherigin OPB 5 prototype Lisunov Li 2 Lavochkin La 5 Lavochkin La 7 Lavochkin La 9 Lavochkin La 11 MiG 5 MiG 9 I 210 1941 Prototype Mikoyan Gurevich I 211 prototype Mil Mi 4 Petlyakov Pe 2 Petlyakov Pe 8 Polikarpov I 185 Prototype Sukhoi Su 2 Sukhoi Su 4 Sukhoi Su 7 Sukhoi Su 12 Tupolev Tu 2 Yakovlev Yak 24 Yakovlev Yak 3 Yak 3U variant Specifications ASh 82T EditData from 3 8 General characteristics Type 14 cylinder two row radial engine Bore 155 5 mm 6 122 in Stroke 155 mm 6 102 in Displacement 41 2107 L 2 514 83 cu in Length 2 100 mm 82 7 in Diameter 1 260 mm 49 6 in Dry weight 1 020 kg 2 250 lb Components Valvetrain Pushrod two valves per cylinder with sodium cooled exhaust valve Supercharger Single speed centrifugal supercharger with after cooler Fuel system Direct fuel injection with automatic mixture control Fuel type 90 to 100 octane petrol Oil system Pressure fed with two pumps Reduction gear 9 16Performance Power output 1 400 kW 1 900 hp at 2 600 rpm for take off boost rated at 1 64 atm 49 inHg 1 220 kW 1 630 hp 2 400 rpm at 2 000 m 6 600 ft boost rated at 1 34 atm 40 inHg 1 140 kW 1 530 hp at 2 400 rpm at 4 000 m 13 000 ft boost rated at 1 34 atm 40 inHg 538 kW 721 hp at 2 400 rpm at 9 500 m 31 200 ft Compression ratio 6 9 1 Specific fuel consumption Take off 0 46 0 43 kg kWh 0 76 0 71 lb hp h Cruise 0 346 0 372 kg kWh 0 568 0 611 lb hp h Power to weight ratio 1 46 kW kg 0 89 hp lb See also EditComparable engines BMW 801 Nakajima Mamoru Wright R 2600Related lists List of aircraft enginesReferences Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shvetsov ASh 82 Notes Edit Witold Liss 1967 The Lavochkin La 5 amp 7 number 149 Profile publications Ltd P O Box 1a North Street Leatherhead Surrey UK p 3 a b Gordon Yefim Khazanov Dmitri 1998 Soviet Combat Aircraft of the Second World War Vol 1 Midland Publishing limited p 44 ISBN 1857800834 a b ORDER Chief of Civil Air Fleet The Council of Ministers of the USSR Number 508 August 5 1963 Moscow On enactment of the Guide to Flight operation and piloting of the IL 14 with two engines AL 82T http www avid ru eng pr news 514 Yefim Gordon Vladimir Rigmant 2002 Tupolev Tu 4 Soviet Superfortress Red Star Vol 7 Midland Publishing pp 54 59 ISBN 1 85780 142 3 Replică și original FW 190 IAR 80 FLY AGAIN in Romanian October 2020 Jason Moore 2017 Lavochkin Fighters of the Second World War Liss Witold 1967 The Lavochkin La 5 amp 7 number 149 Profile publications Ltd P O Box 1a North Street Leatherhead Surrey UK pp 3 5 6 8 9 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shvetsov ASh 82 amp oldid 1104535933, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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