True color MODIS photograph of Wrangel Island and northern Shmidtovsky District coastline, taken in 2001. Chaunskaya Bay, Chaunsky District, can be seen to the southwest.
Shmidtovsky District was founded in 1973. It was named after Otto Schmidt, a Soviet scientist. Beyond the mainland, the district also incorporated the UNESCOWorld Heritage Site, Wrangel Island, which straddles the 180°meridian, and its neighboring island Herald, which in 2004 was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list at the same time as Wrangel Island.[5]
The indigenous population made up around 28% of the total population of the district, which, although lower than in Chukotsky and Providensky Districts, was at the time around average in the autonomous okrug.
Signs of earlier habitation by indigenous peoples can be seen at several sites throughout the former district's territory. In the central parts of the region one can still see the Pegtymel rock drawings, where images were carved into the rock by the local inhabitants using quartz. Over a hundred more examples of ancient artwork can be seen on eleven of the Kaikuul cliffs, describing hunting and farming scenes as well as what is thought to be early references to Shamanism.[6]
EconomyEdit
The main economic drivers were gold mining, traditional reindeer herding, and marine hunting. However, there was little mining done in the vicinity of Mys Shmidta, with the three main prospecting teams in the region (Polyarnaya, Arktikaand, and Shakhtar) being based in Leningradsky.[6]
TransportationEdit
Wrangel Island Tundra
Although much of the internal region of the district was given over to reindeer pasture, thus creating a significant area of wilderness, connections between the populated places along the coast were present. As with all areas of Siberia and the Russian Far East, there was very limited road transport. There is a road, however, linking Mys Shmidta with Egvekinot.[6] There is also a 435-kilometer (270 mi) unpaved road between Mys Shmidta and Komsomolsky, of which 235 kilometers (146 mi) is unpaved road and the remaining 199 kilometers (124 mi) is snow road.[6]
In addition to local road transport, the district was also served by Mys Shmidta Airport, located immediately to the southwest of the settlement. The airport is now employed solely for civilian usage, providing flights to Anadyr. Flights are provided by Chukotavia. The runway is 2,450-meter (8,040 ft) long and 60-meter (200 ft) wide. The distance to Anadyr by air is 478 kilometers (297 mi).
Unlike airports such as the Provideniya Bay Airport, which has always been a civilian airport, or the Iultin Airport, which was constructed specifically to serve the needs of the remote mine nearby, the Mys Shmidta airport was initially part of the ring of forward staging bases used by the Arctic Control Group (OGA) prior to intercontinental ballistic missiles gaining favor as the primary means of long-range defense.[7]
Status changesEdit
Before May 2008, Shmidtovsky Administrative District was municipally incorporated as Shmidtovsky Municipal District. In May 2008, Iultinsky and Shmidtovsky Municipal Districts were merged, forming an enlarged Vostochny Municipal District.[8] This change, however, did not affect the administrative aspect of these districts. Both Iultinsky and Shmidtovsky Administrative Districts continued to exist separately. In October 2008, the law mandating the change was amended and the name Vostochny was discarded with the combined municipal district being renamed Iultinsky Municipal District.
Shmidtovsky Administrative District was itself merged into Iultinsky Administrative District effective June 13, 2011.[1]
ClimateEdit
The climate of the former Shmidtovsky District is more severe than in neighboring Alaska or even as in the neighboring districts and varies significantly throughout the year. Average July temperatures could range from +4 °C (39 °F) to +14 °C (57 °F), and January temperatures from −18 to −42 °C (0 to −44 °F). The lowest temperatures were characteristic for the western part of the region while storms and winds were frequent on the eastern coast. The summer was short but comparatively warm.[6]
DivisionsEdit
Administrative divisionsEdit
Shmidtovsky Administrative District had administrative jurisdiction over two urban-type settlements (Mys Shmidta and Leningradsky) and two rural localities (Billings and Ryrkaypiy).
MunicipalEdit
Shmidtovsky Municipal District was abolished in 2008, and all of the municipal formations previously within the district became a part of Iultinsky Municipal District.[8]
^ abRussian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
^Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
^Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
^World Heritage Convention. First wave of new properties added to World Heritage List for 2004
Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №149-ОЗ от 24 ноября 2008 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Иультинского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №85-ОЗ от 20 октября 2010 г «Об упразднении сельского поселения Нутэпэльмен Иультинского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Чукотского автономного округа». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №46/1 (373/1), 28 ноября 2008 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #149-OZ of November 24, 2008 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #85-OZ of October 20, 2010 On the Abolition of Nutepelmen Rural Settlement of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date.).
Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №40-ОЗ от 30 мая 2008 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований Иультинский муниципальный район и Шмидтовский муниципальный район и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №85-ОЗ от 20 октября 2010 г «Об упразднении сельского поселения Нутэпэльмен Иультинского муниципального района Чукотского автономного округа и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Чукотского автономного округа». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №22/1 (349/1), 6 июня 2008 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #40-OZ of May 30, 2008 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations of Iultinsky Municipal District and Shmidtovsky Municipal District an on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #85-OZ of October 20, 2010 On Abolishing of Nutepelmen Rural Settlement of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date.).
Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №44-ОЗ от 26 мая 2011 г. «О преобразовании некоторых административно-территориальных образований в Чукотском автономном округе и внесении изменений в Закон Чукотского автономного округа "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №21(502), 3 июня 2011 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #44-OZ of May 26, 2011 On the Transformation of Several Administrative-Territorial Entities in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Administrative-Territorial Division of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the day of the official publication.).
Petit Futé. Chukotka
August 29, 2023
shmidtovsky, district, true, color, modis, photograph, wrangel, island, northern, coastline, taken, 2001, chaunskaya, chaunsky, district, seen, southwest, russian, Шми, дтовский, райо, administrative, district, raion, chukotka, autonomous, okrug, russia, which. 68 40 N 177 00 E 68 667 N 177 000 E 68 667 177 000 True color MODIS photograph of Wrangel Island and northern Shmidtovsky District coastline taken in 2001 Chaunskaya Bay Chaunsky District can be seen to the southwest Shmidtovsky District Russian Shmi dtovskij rajo n was an administrative district raion of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Russia which existed in 1973 citation needed 2011 1 As a municipal division it was together with Iultinsky Administrative District incorporated as Iultinsky Municipal District It was located in the far north of the autonomous okrug and bordered with Iultinsky District in the east Anadyrsky District in the south and with Chaunsky District in the west The area of the district was 70 900 square kilometers 27 400 sq mi citation needed Its administrative center was the urban locality an urban type settlement of Mys Shmidta Population 1 469 2010 Census 2 2 660 2002 Census 3 15 726 1989 Census 4 The population of Mys Shmidta accounted for 33 5 of the district s total population 2 Contents 1 History 2 Economy 2 1 Transportation 3 Status changes 4 Climate 5 Divisions 5 1 Administrative divisions 5 2 Municipal 6 References 6 1 Notes 6 2 SourcesHistory EditShmidtovsky District was founded in 1973 It was named after Otto Schmidt a Soviet scientist Beyond the mainland the district also incorporated the UNESCO World Heritage Site Wrangel Island which straddles the 180 meridian and its neighboring island Herald which in 2004 was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list at the same time as Wrangel Island 5 The indigenous population made up around 28 of the total population of the district which although lower than in Chukotsky and Providensky Districts was at the time around average in the autonomous okrug Signs of earlier habitation by indigenous peoples can be seen at several sites throughout the former district s territory In the central parts of the region one can still see the Pegtymel rock drawings where images were carved into the rock by the local inhabitants using quartz Over a hundred more examples of ancient artwork can be seen on eleven of the Kaikuul cliffs describing hunting and farming scenes as well as what is thought to be early references to Shamanism 6 Economy EditThe main economic drivers were gold mining traditional reindeer herding and marine hunting However there was little mining done in the vicinity of Mys Shmidta with the three main prospecting teams in the region Polyarnaya Arktikaand and Shakhtar being based in Leningradsky 6 Transportation Edit Wrangel Island TundraAlthough much of the internal region of the district was given over to reindeer pasture thus creating a significant area of wilderness connections between the populated places along the coast were present As with all areas of Siberia and the Russian Far East there was very limited road transport There is a road however linking Mys Shmidta with Egvekinot 6 There is also a 435 kilometer 270 mi unpaved road between Mys Shmidta and Komsomolsky of which 235 kilometers 146 mi is unpaved road and the remaining 199 kilometers 124 mi is snow road 6 In addition to local road transport the district was also served by Mys Shmidta Airport located immediately to the southwest of the settlement The airport is now employed solely for civilian usage providing flights to Anadyr Flights are provided by Chukotavia The runway is 2 450 meter 8 040 ft long and 60 meter 200 ft wide The distance to Anadyr by air is 478 kilometers 297 mi Unlike airports such as the Provideniya Bay Airport which has always been a civilian airport or the Iultin Airport which was constructed specifically to serve the needs of the remote mine nearby the Mys Shmidta airport was initially part of the ring of forward staging bases used by the Arctic Control Group OGA prior to intercontinental ballistic missiles gaining favor as the primary means of long range defense 7 Status changes EditBefore May 2008 Shmidtovsky Administrative District was municipally incorporated as Shmidtovsky Municipal District In May 2008 Iultinsky and Shmidtovsky Municipal Districts were merged forming an enlarged Vostochny Municipal District 8 This change however did not affect the administrative aspect of these districts Both Iultinsky and Shmidtovsky Administrative Districts continued to exist separately In October 2008 the law mandating the change was amended and the name Vostochny was discarded with the combined municipal district being renamed Iultinsky Municipal District Shmidtovsky Administrative District was itself merged into Iultinsky Administrative District effective June 13 2011 1 Climate EditThe climate of the former Shmidtovsky District is more severe than in neighboring Alaska or even as in the neighboring districts and varies significantly throughout the year Average July temperatures could range from 4 C 39 F to 14 C 57 F and January temperatures from 18 to 42 C 0 to 44 F The lowest temperatures were characteristic for the western part of the region while storms and winds were frequent on the eastern coast The summer was short but comparatively warm 6 Divisions EditAdministrative divisions Edit Shmidtovsky Administrative District had administrative jurisdiction over two urban type settlements Mys Shmidta and Leningradsky and two rural localities Billings and Ryrkaypiy Municipal Edit Shmidtovsky Municipal District was abolished in 2008 and all of the municipal formations previously within the district became a part of Iultinsky Municipal District 8 References EditNotes Edit a b Law 44 OZ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service 2011 Vserossijskaya perepis naseleniya 2010 goda Tom 1 2010 All Russian Population Census vol 1 Vserossijskaya perepis naseleniya 2010 goda 2010 All Russia Population Census in Russian Federal State Statistics Service Russian Federal State Statistics Service May 21 2004 Chislennost naseleniya Rossii subektov Rossijskoj Federacii v sostave federalnyh okrugov rajonov gorodskih poselenij selskih naselyonnyh punktov rajonnyh centrov i selskih naselyonnyh punktov s naseleniem 3 tysyachi i bolee chelovek Population of Russia Its Federal Districts Federal Subjects Districts Urban Localities Rural Localities Administrative Centers and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3 000 XLS Vserossijskaya perepis naseleniya 2002 goda All Russia Population Census of 2002 in Russian Vsesoyuznaya perepis naseleniya 1989 g Chislennost nalichnogo naseleniya soyuznyh i avtonomnyh respublik avtonomnyh oblastej i okrugov krayov oblastej rajonov gorodskih poselenij i syol rajcentrov All Union Population Census of 1989 Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs Krais Oblasts Districts Urban Settlements and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers Vsesoyuznaya perepis naseleniya 1989 goda All Union Population Census of 1989 in Russian Institut demografii Nacionalnogo issledovatelskogo universiteta Vysshaya shkola ekonomiki Institute of Demography at the National Research University Higher School of Economics 1989 via Demoscope Weekly World Heritage Convention First wave of new properties added to World Heritage List for 2004 a b c d e Fute GlobalSecurity org Information about Mys Shmidta a b Law 40 OZ Sources Edit Duma Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga Zakon 149 OZ ot 24 noyabrya 2008 g O statuse granicah i administrativnyh centrah municipalnyh obrazovanij na territorii Iultinskogo municipalnogo rajona Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga v red Zakona 85 OZ ot 20 oktyabrya 2010 g Ob uprazdnenii selskogo poseleniya Nutepelmen Iultinskogo municipalnogo rajona Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga i o vnesenii izmenenij v otdelnye zakonodatelnye akty Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga Vstupil v silu cherez desyat dnej so dnya oficialnogo opublikovaniya Opublikovan Vedomosti 46 1 373 1 28 noyabrya 2008 g Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Law 149 OZ of November 24 2008 On the Status Borders and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug as amended by the Law 85 OZ of October 20 2010 On the Abolition of Nutepelmen Rural Settlement of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date Duma Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga Zakon 40 OZ ot 30 maya 2008 g O preobrazovanii municipalnyh obrazovanij Iultinskij municipalnyj rajon i Shmidtovskij municipalnyj rajon i o vnesenii izmenenij v otdelnye zakonodatelnye akty Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga v red Zakona 85 OZ ot 20 oktyabrya 2010 g Ob uprazdnenii selskogo poseleniya Nutepelmen Iultinskogo municipalnogo rajona Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga i o vnesenii izmenenij v otdelnye zakonodatelnye akty Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga Vstupil v silu cherez desyat dnej so dnya oficialnogo opublikovaniya Opublikovan Vedomosti 22 1 349 1 6 iyunya 2008 g Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Law 40 OZ of May 30 2008 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations of Iultinsky Municipal District and Shmidtovsky Municipal District an on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug as amended by the Law 85 OZ of October 20 2010 On Abolishing of Nutepelmen Rural Settlement of Iultinsky Municipal District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending Several Legislative Acts of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date Duma Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga Zakon 44 OZ ot 26 maya 2011 g O preobrazovanii nekotoryh administrativno territorialnyh obrazovanij v Chukotskom avtonomnom okruge i vnesenii izmenenij v Zakon Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga Ob administrativno territorialnom ustrojstve Chukotskogo avtonomnogo okruga Vstupil v silu cherez 10 dnej so dnya oficialnogo opublikovaniya Opublikovan Vedomosti 21 502 3 iyunya 2011 g Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Law 44 OZ of May 26 2011 On the Transformation of Several Administrative Territorial Entities in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and on Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug On the Administrative Territorial Division of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the day of the official publication Petit Fute Chukotka Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shmidtovsky District amp oldid 1145180727, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
