The Shan State Army – South (Shan: တပ်ႉသိုၵ်းၸိုင်ႈတႆး – ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်း; abbreviatedSSA-S), also known simply as the Shan State Army, is the armed wing of the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) and one of the largest insurgent groups in Myanmar (Burma).[1][4] The SSA-S was led by Lieutenant General Yawd Serk until his resignation on 3 February 2014.[5] Yawd Serk was reelected chairman of the RCSS shortly after his resignation and has remained chairman since.
On 26 January 1996, Lieutenant General Yawd Serk of the Shan United Revolutionary Army (SURA) led 800 soldiers under his command to central Shan State and established the Shan State Army – South, after he refused to surrender to government forces with fellow commander Khun Sa. He then recruited roughly a thousand more soldiers before returning to southern Shan State to establish the group's headquarters in Loi Tai Leng.
On 27 May 2000, the SSA-S formed the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) as its political wing, and elected eleven Central Executive Committee members to lead the political front. Yawd Serk was elected chairman of the RCSS, and would remain in office until his resignation on 3 February 2014.[5]
On 21 May 2005, the SSA-S pledged to work with the Shan State National Army (SSNA) against the then ruling military junta to achieve independence for Shan State. Later that year, the SSNA agreed to merge with the SSA-S.[6]
On 16 January 2012, the government and the SSA-S signed a mutual agreement with the following 11 points:[citation needed][needs update]
To allow SSA-S headquarters in Homain sub-township and Mong Hat sub-township
To negotiate and arrange the resettlement of SSA-S troops and their families in the locations mentioned in the first point
The appointment by the SSA-S of village heads in the region, which would work with government official for township administration;
Government soldiers in Homain sub-township and Mong Hat sub-township will give help to the SSA-S
Both sides will discuss and negotiate to arrange for the security of SSA-S leaders
Government troops and the SSA-S would negotiate to designate areas where they could enter border areas;
Each side agreed to inform the other side in advance if one side wants to enter the other's control area with weapons
To open liaison offices between the government and the SSA-S in Taunggyi, Kholam, Kengtung, Mong Hsat and Tachileik and trading offices in Muse and Nanhkam
Government ministers will arrange for SSA-S members to run businesses and companies in accord with existing policies, by providing aid and the required technology
To co-operate with the union government for regional development
To co-operate with the government in making plan for battling drug trafficking
^Finney, Richard; Mar (translator), Khet (2 August 2018). "300 Myanmar Villagers Flee Township as Ethnic Armies Approach". Radio Free Asia. from the original on 3 August 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2018. {{cite news}}: |last2= has generic name (help)
^"RCSS/SSA Holds Opening Ceremony of Military Training". 19 September 2011. from the original on 12 September 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
^ abHtwe, Nan Tin (3 February 2014). "Shan shocked as Yawd Serk quits SSA-S". Myanmar Times. from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
^"Shan rebels unite against Rangoon". BBC Burmese. 24 May 2005. Archived from the original on 23 July 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2008.
^ ab"Shan State Congress formed". S.H.A.N., 24 December 2008. from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2009.
^"Burma Army Undermines Peace Agreement, RCSS Says". 12 February 2021. from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
^"Shan army set to cast a wide net". S.H.A.N., 8 June 2009. from the original on 9 August 2010. Retrieved 12 June 2009.
External linksEdit
Shan State Army (SSA)
Geopium.org
August 26, 2023
shan, state, army, south, confused, with, shan, state, army, north, shan, တပ, abbreviated, also, known, simply, shan, state, army, armed, wing, restoration, council, shan, state, rcss, largest, insurgent, groups, myanmar, burma, lieutenant, general, yawd, serk. Not to be confused with the Shan State Army North The Shan State Army South Shan တပ သ ၵ ၸ င တ ပ တ ၸ ၼ abbreviated SSA S also known simply as the Shan State Army is the armed wing of the Restoration Council of Shan State RCSS and one of the largest insurgent groups in Myanmar Burma 1 4 The SSA S was led by Lieutenant General Yawd Serk until his resignation on 3 February 2014 5 Yawd Serk was reelected chairman of the RCSS shortly after his resignation and has remained chairman since Shan State Army Southတပ သ ၵ ၸ င တ ပ တ ၸ ၼ Flag of the Shan State Army SouthLeadersLt Gen Yawd Serk 1996 2014 Dates of operation26 January 1996 1996 01 26 presentHeadquartersLoi Tai Leng Shan State MyanmarActive regionsShan State Myanmar China border Myanmar Thailand borderIdeologyShan nationalismFederalismSize12 000 1 2 AlliesArakan Liberation ArmyChin National Army Kachin Independence Army Karen National Liberation Army Karenni ArmyOpponentsState opponents Myanmar Tatmadaw Union of Myanmar until 2011 Non state opponents Shan State Army North 3 Ta ang National Liberation Army United Wa State ArmyBattles and warsInternal conflict in MyanmarPreceded by Shan United Revolutionary Army Shan State National Army remnants absorbed by the SSA S in 2005 Contents 1 History 2 Territory 3 References 4 External linksHistory EditOn 26 January 1996 Lieutenant General Yawd Serk of the Shan United Revolutionary Army SURA led 800 soldiers under his command to central Shan State and established the Shan State Army South after he refused to surrender to government forces with fellow commander Khun Sa He then recruited roughly a thousand more soldiers before returning to southern Shan State to establish the group s headquarters in Loi Tai Leng On 27 May 2000 the SSA S formed the Restoration Council of Shan State RCSS as its political wing and elected eleven Central Executive Committee members to lead the political front Yawd Serk was elected chairman of the RCSS and would remain in office until his resignation on 3 February 2014 5 On 21 May 2005 the SSA S pledged to work with the Shan State National Army SSNA against the then ruling military junta to achieve independence for Shan State Later that year the SSNA agreed to merge with the SSA S 6 In December 2008 the Shan State Congress SSC was formed in Loi Tai Leng under the aegis of Yawd Serk which would exist until 2010 Its members included groups such as the Lahu Democratic Union LDU the Pa O National Liberation Organisation PNLO the Restoration Council of Shan State Tai Coordination Committee TCC and the Wa National Organisation WNO 7 Prior to the establishment of the SSC the SSA S maintained a six member alliance with the Arakan Liberation Party ALP the Chin National Front CNF the Kachin Independence Organisation KIO the Karen National Union KNU and the Karenni National Progressive Party KNPP however the alliance remained dormant for several years prompting Yawd Serk to express his desire to revive the alliance in anticipation for the 2010 general election 7 On 16 January 2012 the government and the SSA S signed a mutual agreement with the following 11 points citation needed needs update To allow SSA S headquarters in Homain sub township and Mong Hat sub township To negotiate and arrange the resettlement of SSA S troops and their families in the locations mentioned in the first point The appointment by the SSA S of village heads in the region which would work with government official for township administration Government soldiers in Homain sub township and Mong Hat sub township will give help to the SSA S Both sides will discuss and negotiate to arrange for the security of SSA S leaders Government troops and the SSA S would negotiate to designate areas where they could enter border areas Each side agreed to inform the other side in advance if one side wants to enter the other s control area with weapons To open liaison offices between the government and the SSA S in Taunggyi Kholam Kengtung Mong Hsat and Tachileik and trading offices in Muse and Nanhkam Government ministers will arrange for SSA S members to run businesses and companies in accord with existing policies by providing aid and the required technology To co operate with the union government for regional development To co operate with the government in making plan for battling drug traffickingIn February 2021 the Tatmadaw attacked RCSS s camps in Hsipaw Township breaking the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement according to the RCSS 8 Territory EditThe SSA S has main 5 bases established across the Myanmar Thailand border 9 Loi Tai Leng its main base of operations near Pang Mapha District Mae Hong Son Thailand Loi Moong Merng near Muang District Mae Hong Son Thailand Loi Lam near Wiang Haeng District Chiang Mai Thailand Loi Hsarm Hsip near Fang district Chiang Mai Thailand Loi Gaw wann near Mae Fa Luang District Chiang Rai ThailandReferences Edit a b Myanmar Peace Monitor Restoration Council of Shan State 6 June 2013 Archived from the original on 13 March 2018 Retrieved 9 April 2016 Burma center for Ethnic Studies Jan 2012 Briefing Paper No 1 http www burmalibrary org docs13 BCES BP 01 ceasefires en pdf Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine Finney Richard Mar translator Khet 2 August 2018 300 Myanmar Villagers Flee Township as Ethnic Armies Approach Radio Free Asia Archived from the original on 3 August 2018 Retrieved 3 August 2018 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a last2 has generic name help RCSS SSA Holds Opening Ceremony of Military Training 19 September 2011 Archived from the original on 12 September 2014 Retrieved 12 September 2014 a b Htwe Nan Tin 3 February 2014 Shan shocked as Yawd Serk quits SSA S Myanmar Times Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 1 January 2016 Shan rebels unite against Rangoon BBC Burmese 24 May 2005 Archived from the original on 23 July 2012 Retrieved 7 February 2008 a b Shan State Congress formed S H A N 24 December 2008 Archived from the original on 29 April 2011 Retrieved 12 June 2009 Burma Army Undermines Peace Agreement RCSS Says 12 February 2021 Archived from the original on 12 February 2021 Retrieved 13 February 2021 Shan army set to cast a wide net S H A N 8 June 2009 Archived from the original on 9 August 2010 Retrieved 12 June 2009 External links EditShan State Army SSA Photos of United Wa State Army UWSA and Shan State Army South SSA S military outposts along the border of Thailand Chiang Rai province Geopium org Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shan State Army South amp oldid 1160129340, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
