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Sehoy

January 01, 1970

Sehoy, or Sehoy I (died ca. 1730), was an 18th-century matriarch of the Muscogee Confederacy and a member of the Wind clan.[1][2]

Matriarch
Sehoy
DiedCirca 1730
NationalityMuscogee Confederacy
Other namesSehoy I
ChildrenSehoy Marchand, Red Shoes

She established a dynasty that became influential in the political and economic history of her nation and its relationship with the United States.[3] Because inheritance and property within the confederacy were controlled matrilineally in early Muscogee society, her daughters and their descendants became influential in shaping tribal membership and relations with people they enslaved.[3][4] In Muscogee culture, tribal affiliation was defined by clan membership and matrilineal descent. If the mother was part of a tribe, her children would also be part of that tribe, regardless of the father's ethnicity or citizenship.[5]

Some of her male descendants shaped policy with the United States through treaty-making[6][7] and through tribal leadership.[8][9]

Biography edit

Sehoy was a Muscogee woman of the Wind clan.[10] Amos J. Wright, who analyzed for over two decades the genealogical history of her family,[11] reported that various historical records note her heritage was through the Tuskegee tribal town,[2] but also there are indications that her son was known as the "Talapuche Chief" (also styled Tallapoosa).[12] Linda Langley, a professor at Louisiana State University at Eunice in anthropology and sociology, argued that she was more likely Koasati. Analyzing Native leaders who bore the name Red Shoes, the origin of persons affiliated with Fort Toulouse (typically, either Koasati or Alabama), the linguistic difficulties in communication between Alabama/Koasati-speakers, and Muscogee-speakers, Langley concluded that she was probably Koasati.[13] Gregory A. Waselkov, a professor of anthropology at the University of South Alabama,[14] noted that her town of origin has been given as both Taskigi, (near Taskigi Mound), or Coosada, Alabama. He concluded that as the Taskigi people did not relocate from the Chattahoochee River to the forks of the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers until after 1725, she was likely from Coosada, and thus Koasati.[15]

Sehoy grew up in the area near Fort Toulouse, which the French constructed after the Yamasee War (1715-1716) at the request of Alabama leaders.[16] Jean Baptiste Louis DeCourtel Marchand arrived at the fort in 1717 and became its commander in 1720.[17] There was a mutiny at the fort in 1721, and Marchand called on the warriors at Coosada to assist him in capturing deserters.[18]

Some sources indicate that Sehoy married Marchand in 1722,[19] in a ceremony which might have been conducted under Muscogee as opposed to French law.[16][Notes 1] Around that time, the couple had a daughter, Sehoy Marchand (also known as Sehoy II), before severing their relationship.[16] Marchand served as commander of the fort until 1723, and was reappointed in 1727, serving until 1729.[17] He remained with the colonial Troupes de la Marine through 1734.[10]

After the relationship with Marchand ended, Sehoy married Red Shoes, a Koasati leader. They had a son also known as Red Shoes and a daughter. Sehoy died around 1730.[16]

Notable descendants edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Louis LeClerc Milfort, who married Sehoy's granddaughter, Jeanette McGillivray,[20] wrote in his memoirs that his mother-in-law, Sehoy Marchand, was an "illegitimate daughter of a French officer who formerly commanded Fort Toulouse."[10]

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ Waselkov 2006, pp. 35–36.
  2. ^ a b Wright 2007, pp. 184–85.
  3. ^ a b Waselkov 2006, p. 41.
  4. ^ Wright 2022, pp. 42, 49.
  5. ^ Braund 1991, pp. 615–16.
  6. ^ Bartram 1955, p. 130.
  7. ^ a b Langley 2005, p. 237.
  8. ^ Langley 2005, p. 232.
  9. ^ Meserve 1938, p. 407.
  10. ^ a b c Waselkov 2006, p. 280.
  11. ^ Cashin 2002, pp. 73–74.
  12. ^ Wright 2007, p. 185.
  13. ^ Langley 2005, pp. 234, 236, 238–39.
  14. ^ Mitchell 2002, p. 6.
  15. ^ Waselkov 2006, p. 281.
  16. ^ a b c d Waselkov 2006, p. 36.
  17. ^ a b Wright 2007, p. 187.
  18. ^ Waselkov 2006, pp. 36–37.
  19. ^ Wright 2007, p. 186.
  20. ^ Waselkov 2006, p. 39.
  21. ^ Wright 2022, p. 49.
  22. ^ Waselkov 2006, p. 42.
  23. ^ Frank 2013.
  24. ^ Blackmon 2014, p. 7.
  25. ^ Wright 1967, p. 379.
  26. ^ Langley 2005, p. 232; Frank 2013; Bartram 1955, p. 130; Wright 1967, p. 382.
  27. ^ Pickett 1896, p. 419.
  28. ^ Wells 1998, p. 83.
  29. ^ Waselkov 2006, pp. 39–40.
  30. ^ Saunt 2004, p. 253.
  31. ^ Brown & Owens 1983, p. 96-97.
  32. ^ Braund 2016.
  33. ^ Appleton 2018.
  34. ^ Meserve 1938, pp. 406–07.
  35. ^ The Okmulgee Daily Times 1978, p. B12.

Bibliography edit

  • Appleton, James Lamar (November 1, 2018). "David Moniac". The Encyclopedia of Alabama. Birmingham, Alabama: Alabama Humanities Foundation. from the original on February 16, 2022. Retrieved August 30, 2022.
  • Bartram, William (Fall 1955). "Extracts from the Travels of William Bartram". The Alabama Historical Quarterly. 17 (3). Montgomery, Alabama: Alabama State Department of Archives and History: 110–24. Retrieved August 26, 2022.
  • Blackmon, Richard (2014). Stewart, Richard W. (ed.). The Creek War, 1813-1814. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, US Government Printing Office. ISBN 978-0-16-092542-9.
  • Braund, Kathryn (January 27, 2016). "William Weatherford". The Encyclopedia of Alabama. Birmingham, Alabama: Alabama Humanities Foundation. from the original on April 5, 2022. Retrieved August 30, 2022.
  • Braund, Kathryn E. Holland (November 1991). "The Creek Indians, Blacks, and Slavery". The Journal of Southern History. 57 (4). Athens, Georgia: Southern Historical Association: 601–636. doi:10.2307/2210598. ISSN 0022-4642. JSTOR 2210598. OCLC 5278766921. Retrieved 30 August 2022.
  • Brown, Virginia Pounds; Owens, Laurella (1983). The World of the Southern Indians. Birmingham, Ala.: Beechwood Books. ISBN 978-0-912221-00-7.
  • Cashin, Edward J. (January 2002). "Book Reviews: The McGillivray and McIntosh Traders on the Old Southwest Frontier, 1716–1815. By Amos J. Wright Jr. Montgomery: New South Books, 2000. pp. 347 (paper). ISBN 1-58838-006-8". Alabama Review. 55 (1). Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press for the Alabama Historical Association: 73–75. ISSN 0002-4341. OCLC 5214355866. EBSCOhost 5570750.
  • Frank, Andrew K. (June 27, 2013). "Alexander McGillivray". The Encyclopedia of Alabama. Birmingham, Alabama: Alabama Humanities Foundation. from the original on March 19, 2022. Retrieved August 26, 2022.
  • Langley, Linda (Spring 2005). "The Tribal Identity of Alexander McGillivray: A Review of the Historical and Ethnographic Data". Louisiana History. 46 (2). Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana Historical Association: 231–39. ISSN 0024-6816. JSTOR 4234109. OCLC 5544075024. Retrieved August 24, 2022.
  • Meserve, John Bartlett (December 1938). "Chief Samuel Checote, with Sketches of Chiefs Locher Harjo and Ward Coachman". The Chronicles of Oklahoma. 16 (4). Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: Oklahoma Historical Society: 401–409. ISSN 0009-6024.
  • Mitchell, Garry (December 2, 2002). "Alabama Indian Tribe Seeks Federal Recognition". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. p. 6. Retrieved August 24, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  • Pickett, Albert James (1896). History of Alabama and Incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi, from the Earliest Period (Reprint ed.). Sheffield, Alabama: Robert C. Randolph. OCLC 1838277.
  • Saunt, Claudio (2004). A New Order of Things: Property, Power, and the Transformation of the Creek Indians, 1733–1816 (Reprint ed.). Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511511554. ISBN 978-0-511-51155-4. – via Cambridge Core (subscription required)
  • Waselkov, Gregory A. (2006). A Conquering Spirit: Fort Mims and the Redstick War of 1813–1814. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-5573-9.
  • Wells, Mary Ann (1998). Searching for Red Eagle. Jackson, Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-61703-344-5.
  • Wright, Amos J. (2007). The McGillivray and McIntosh Traders on the Old Southwest Frontier, 1716–1815 (Second ed.). Montgomery, Alabama: NewSouth Books. ISBN 978-1-60306-014-1.
  • Wright, Miller Shores (February 2022). "Matrilineal Management: How Creek Women and Matrilineages Shaped Distinct Forms of Racialized Slavery in Creek Country at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century". The Journal of Southern History. 88 (1). Athens, Georgia: Southern Historical Association: 39–72. doi:10.1353/soh.2022.0001. ISSN 0022-4642. OCLC 9484472244. S2CID 246816557. Retrieved August 24, 2022. – via Project MUSE (subscription required)
  • Wright, J. Leitch Jr. (December 1967). "Creek-American Treaty of 1790: Alexander McGillivray and The Diplomacy of The Old Southwest". The Georgia Historical Quarterly. 51 (4). Savannah, Georgia: Georgia Historical Society: 379–400. ISSN 0016-8297. JSTOR 40578728. OCLC 5543046496. Retrieved August 27, 2022.
  • "History of Ward Coachman". The Okmulgee Daily Times. Okmulgee, Oklahoma. 17 September 1978. p. B12. Retrieved 30 August 2022 – via Newspapers.com.

January 01, 1970
sehoy, died, 1730, 18th, century, matriarch, muscogee, confederacy, member, wind, clan, matriarchdiedcirca, 1730nationalitymuscogee, confederacyother, names, ichildren, marchand, shoes, established, dynasty, that, became, influential, political, economic, hist. Sehoy or Sehoy I died ca 1730 was an 18th century matriarch of the Muscogee Confederacy and a member of the Wind clan 1 2 MatriarchSehoyDiedCirca 1730NationalityMuscogee ConfederacyOther namesSehoy IChildrenSehoy Marchand Red Shoes She established a dynasty that became influential in the political and economic history of her nation and its relationship with the United States 3 Because inheritance and property within the confederacy were controlled matrilineally in early Muscogee society her daughters and their descendants became influential in shaping tribal membership and relations with people they enslaved 3 4 In Muscogee culture tribal affiliation was defined by clan membership and matrilineal descent If the mother was part of a tribe her children would also be part of that tribe regardless of the father s ethnicity or citizenship 5 Some of her male descendants shaped policy with the United States through treaty making 6 7 and through tribal leadership 8 9 Contents 1 Biography 2 Notable descendants 3 Notes 4 References 4 1 Citations 4 2 BibliographyBiography editSehoy was a Muscogee woman of the Wind clan 10 Amos J Wright who analyzed for over two decades the genealogical history of her family 11 reported that various historical records note her heritage was through the Tuskegee tribal town 2 but also there are indications that her son was known as the Talapuche Chief also styled Tallapoosa 12 Linda Langley a professor at Louisiana State University at Eunice in anthropology and sociology argued that she was more likely Koasati Analyzing Native leaders who bore the name Red Shoes the origin of persons affiliated with Fort Toulouse typically either Koasati or Alabama the linguistic difficulties in communication between Alabama Koasati speakers and Muscogee speakers Langley concluded that she was probably Koasati 13 Gregory A Waselkov a professor of anthropology at the University of South Alabama 14 noted that her town of origin has been given as both Taskigi near Taskigi Mound or Coosada Alabama He concluded that as the Taskigi people did not relocate from the Chattahoochee River to the forks of the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers until after 1725 she was likely from Coosada and thus Koasati 15 Sehoy grew up in the area near Fort Toulouse which the French constructed after the Yamasee War 1715 1716 at the request of Alabama leaders 16 Jean Baptiste Louis DeCourtel Marchand arrived at the fort in 1717 and became its commander in 1720 17 There was a mutiny at the fort in 1721 and Marchand called on the warriors at Coosada to assist him in capturing deserters 18 Some sources indicate that Sehoy married Marchand in 1722 19 in a ceremony which might have been conducted under Muscogee as opposed to French law 16 Notes 1 Around that time the couple had a daughter Sehoy Marchand also known as Sehoy II before severing their relationship 16 Marchand served as commander of the fort until 1723 and was reappointed in 1727 serving until 1729 17 He remained with the colonial Troupes de la Marine through 1734 10 After the relationship with Marchand ended Sehoy married Red Shoes a Koasati leader They had a son also known as Red Shoes and a daughter Sehoy died around 1730 16 Notable descendants editSehoy Weatherford 1740s 1811 influential matriarch who impacted the property and inheritance customs among her people and was the mother of William Weatherford 21 22 Alexander McGillivray 1750 1793 23 negotiated the first treaty between the United States and the Muscogee Confederacy 24 25 and although he was a controversial leader he was known for his negotiations with the American British and Spanish authorities to benefit the Muscogee interests as well as his own 26 Sophia Durant ca 1752 between 1813 and 1831 interpreter translator and speaker for her brother McGillivray 7 27 28 and was the mother of three of the Red Stick faction during the Muscogee Civil War John Alexander Sandy and Betsy Durant who was married to Peter McQueen 29 30 William Weatherford 1765 1824 Red Stick leader who led the attack on Fort Mims and supervised the Red Stick defense of Econochaca during the Battle of Holy Ground 31 32 David Moniac 1802 1836 West Point graduate and only Native commissioned officer to serve in the Second Seminole War 33 Ward Coachman 1823 1900 Principal Chief of the Muscogee Nation from 1876 to 1879 34 35 Notes edit Louis LeClerc Milfort who married Sehoy s granddaughter Jeanette McGillivray 20 wrote in his memoirs that his mother in law Sehoy Marchand was an illegitimate daughter of a French officer who formerly commanded Fort Toulouse 10 References editCitations edit Waselkov 2006 pp 35 36 a b Wright 2007 pp 184 85 a b Waselkov 2006 p 41 Wright 2022 pp 42 49 Braund 1991 pp 615 16 Bartram 1955 p 130 a b Langley 2005 p 237 Langley 2005 p 232 Meserve 1938 p 407 a b c Waselkov 2006 p 280 Cashin 2002 pp 73 74 Wright 2007 p 185 Langley 2005 pp 234 236 238 39 Mitchell 2002 p 6 Waselkov 2006 p 281 a b c d Waselkov 2006 p 36 a b Wright 2007 p 187 Waselkov 2006 pp 36 37 Wright 2007 p 186 Waselkov 2006 p 39 Wright 2022 p 49 Waselkov 2006 p 42 Frank 2013 Blackmon 2014 p 7 Wright 1967 p 379 Langley 2005 p 232 Frank 2013 Bartram 1955 p 130 Wright 1967 p 382 Pickett 1896 p 419 Wells 1998 p 83 Waselkov 2006 pp 39 40 Saunt 2004 p 253 Brown amp Owens 1983 p 96 97 Braund 2016 Appleton 2018 Meserve 1938 pp 406 07 The Okmulgee Daily Times 1978 p B12 Bibliography edit Appleton James Lamar November 1 2018 David Moniac The Encyclopedia of Alabama Birmingham Alabama Alabama Humanities Foundation Archived from the original on February 16 2022 Retrieved August 30 2022 Bartram William Fall 1955 Extracts from the Travels of William Bartram The Alabama Historical Quarterly 17 3 Montgomery Alabama Alabama State Department of Archives and History 110 24 Retrieved August 26 2022 Blackmon Richard 2014 Stewart Richard W ed The Creek War 1813 1814 Washington D C Center of Military History US Government Printing Office ISBN 978 0 16 092542 9 Braund Kathryn January 27 2016 William Weatherford The Encyclopedia of Alabama Birmingham Alabama Alabama Humanities Foundation Archived from the original on April 5 2022 Retrieved August 30 2022 Braund Kathryn E Holland November 1991 The Creek Indians Blacks and Slavery The Journal of Southern History 57 4 Athens Georgia Southern Historical Association 601 636 doi 10 2307 2210598 ISSN 0022 4642 JSTOR 2210598 OCLC 5278766921 Retrieved 30 August 2022 Brown Virginia Pounds Owens Laurella 1983 The World of the Southern Indians Birmingham Ala Beechwood Books ISBN 978 0 912221 00 7 Cashin Edward J January 2002 Book Reviews The McGillivray and McIntosh Traders on the Old Southwest Frontier 1716 1815 By Amos J Wright Jr Montgomery New South Books 2000 pp 347 paper ISBN 1 58838 006 8 Alabama Review 55 1 Tuscaloosa Alabama University of Alabama Press for the Alabama Historical Association 73 75 ISSN 0002 4341 OCLC 5214355866 EBSCOhost 5570750 Frank Andrew K June 27 2013 Alexander McGillivray The Encyclopedia of Alabama Birmingham Alabama Alabama Humanities Foundation Archived from the original on March 19 2022 Retrieved August 26 2022 Langley Linda Spring 2005 The Tribal Identity of Alexander McGillivray A Review of the Historical and Ethnographic Data Louisiana History 46 2 Baton Rouge Louisiana Louisiana Historical Association 231 39 ISSN 0024 6816 JSTOR 4234109 OCLC 5544075024 Retrieved August 24 2022 Meserve John Bartlett December 1938 Chief Samuel Checote with Sketches of Chiefs Locher Harjo and Ward Coachman The Chronicles of Oklahoma 16 4 Oklahoma City Oklahoma Oklahoma Historical Society 401 409 ISSN 0009 6024 Mitchell Garry December 2 2002 Alabama Indian Tribe Seeks Federal Recognition The Daily Oklahoman Oklahoma City Oklahoma p 6 Retrieved August 24 2022 via Newspapers com Pickett Albert James 1896 History of Alabama and Incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi from the Earliest Period Reprint ed Sheffield Alabama Robert C Randolph OCLC 1838277 Saunt Claudio 2004 A New Order of Things Property Power and the Transformation of the Creek Indians 1733 1816 Reprint ed Cambridge Cambridgeshire Cambridge University Press doi 10 1017 CBO9780511511554 ISBN 978 0 511 51155 4 via Cambridge Core subscription required Waselkov Gregory A 2006 A Conquering Spirit Fort Mims and the Redstick War of 1813 1814 Tuscaloosa Alabama University of Alabama Press ISBN 978 0 8173 5573 9 Wells Mary Ann 1998 Searching for Red Eagle Jackson Mississippi University Press of Mississippi ISBN 978 1 61703 344 5 Wright Amos J 2007 The McGillivray and McIntosh Traders on the Old Southwest Frontier 1716 1815 Second ed Montgomery Alabama NewSouth Books ISBN 978 1 60306 014 1 Wright Miller Shores February 2022 Matrilineal Management How Creek Women and Matrilineages Shaped Distinct Forms of Racialized Slavery in Creek Country at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century The Journal of Southern History 88 1 Athens Georgia Southern Historical Association 39 72 doi 10 1353 soh 2022 0001 ISSN 0022 4642 OCLC 9484472244 S2CID 246816557 Retrieved August 24 2022 via Project MUSE subscription required Wright J Leitch Jr December 1967 Creek American Treaty of 1790 Alexander McGillivray and The Diplomacy of The Old Southwest The Georgia Historical Quarterly 51 4 Savannah Georgia Georgia Historical Society 379 400 ISSN 0016 8297 JSTOR 40578728 OCLC 5543046496 Retrieved August 27 2022 History of Ward Coachman The Okmulgee Daily Times Okmulgee Oklahoma 17 September 1978 p B12 Retrieved 30 August 2022 via Newspapers com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sehoy amp oldid 1214373081, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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