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Scent hound

April 25, 2024

Scent hounds (or scenthounds)[1] are a type of hound that primarily hunts by scent rather than sight. These breeds are hunting dogs and are generally regarded as having some of the most sensitive noses among dogs. Scent hounds specialize in following scent or smells. Most of them tend to have long, drooping ears and large nasal cavities to enhance smell sensitivity. They need to have relatively high endurance to be able to keep track of scent over long distances and rough terrain. It is believed that they were first bred by the Celts by crossbreeding mastiff-type dogs with sighthounds. The first established scent hounds were St. Hubert Hounds (the ancestor of today's Bloodhound) bred by monks in Belgium during the Middle Ages.[2]

The Beagle: long ears, large nasal passages, and a sturdy body for endurance
A Treeing Walker Coonhound baying
Franz Rudolf Frisching in the uniform of an officer of the Bernese Huntsmen Corps with his Berner Laufhund, painted by Jean Preudhomme in 1785

Description edit

Hounds are hunting dogs that either hunt by following the scent of a game animal (scent hounds) or by following the animal by sight (sighthounds). There are many breeds in the scent hound type, and scent hounds may do other work as well, so exactly which breeds should be called scent hound can be controversial. Kennel clubs assign breeds of dogs to Groups, which are loosely based on breed types. Each kennel club determines which breeds it will place in a given group.

Scent hounds specialize in following a smell or scent. Most of these breeds have long, drooping ears. One theory says that this trait helps to collect scent from the air and keep it near the dog's face and nose. They also have large nasal cavities, which helps them scent better. Their typically loose, moist lips are said to assist in trapping scent particles.

Because scent hounds tend to walk or run with their noses to the ground, many scent hound breeds have been developed such that the dog will hold their tail upright when on a scent. In addition, some breeds (e.g. beagle) also have been bred to have white hair on the tip of their tails. These traits allow the dog's master to identify him when at a distance or in longer grassland.

Scent hounds do not need to be as fast as sighthounds, because they do not need to keep prey in sight, but they need endurance so that they can stick with a scent and follow it for long distances over rough terrain. The best scent hounds can follow a scent trail even across running water and even when it is several days old. Most scent hounds are used for hunting in packs of multiple dogs. Longer-legged hounds run more quickly and usually require that the hunters follow on horseback; shorter-legged hounds allow hunters to follow on foot. Hunting with some breeds, such as German Bracke, American Foxhounds, or coonhounds, involves allowing the pack of dogs to run freely while the hunters wait in a fixed spot until the dogs' baying announces that the game has been "treed". The hunters then go to the spot on foot, following the sound of the dogs' baying.[3]

Vocalization edit

Most scent hounds have a range of vocalizations, which can vary depending upon the situation the dog finds himself in. Their baying voice - most often used when excited and is useful in informing their master that they are following a scent trail - is deep and booming and can be distinct from their barking voice; which itself can have variations in tone from excited to nervous or fearful.

As they are bred to 'give voice' when excited, scent hounds may bark much more frequently than other dog breeds. Although this can be a nuisance in settled areas, it is a valuable trait that allows the dog's handler to follow the dog or pack of dogs during a hunt even when they are out of sight, such as when following a fox or raccoon through woodland

Classification edit

The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) places scent hounds into their classification "Group 6". This includes a subdivision, "Section 2, Leash Hounds", some examples of which are the Bavarian Mountain Hound (Bayrischer Gebirgsschweisshund, no. 217), the Hanover Hound (Hannover'scher Schweisshund, no. 213), and the Alpine Dachsbracke (Alpenländische Dachsbracke, no. 254). In addition, the Dalmatian and the Rhodesian Ridgeback are placed in Group 6 as "Related breeds".

Genetic history edit

Genetic studies indicate that the scent hounds are more closely related to each other than they are with other branches on the dog family tree.[4]

Breeds edit

The scent hound type includes the following breeds:

United Kennel Club (US) Scenthound Group edit

The Scenthound Group is the group category used by the United Kennel Club (US), which it divides into two categories. The first includes the American hunting dogs known as coonhounds and the European hounds from which they were developed. These are referred to as Tree Hounds. The category also includes curs, American dogs bred for hunting a variety of game, such as squirrels, raccoons, opossums, bobcats, cougars, American black bears and feral pigs. The second category is referred to as Trailing Scenthounds, and includes dogs used for tracking of humans, reputedly descended from the St. Hubert Hounds.[5]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Breed Group Designations". United Kennel Club. Retrieved 2021-09-25.
  2. ^ History - American Kennel Club
  3. ^ Coon hunting on ESPN
  4. ^ vonHoldt, Bridgett M.; John P. Pollinger; Kirk E. Lohmueller; Eunjung Han; Heidi G. Parker; Pascale Quignon; Jeremiah D. Degenhardt; Adam R. Boyko; Dent A. Earl; Adam Auton; Andy Reynolds; Kasia Bryc; Abra Brisbin; James C. Knowles; Dana S. Mosher; Tyrone C. Spady; Abdel Elkahloun; Eli Geffen; Malgorzata Pilot; Wlodzimierz Jedrzejewski; Claudia Greco; Ettore Randi; Danika Bannasch; Alan Wilton; Jeremy Shearman; Marco Musiani; Michelle Cargill; Paul G. Jones; Zuwei Qian; Wei Huang; Zhao-Li Ding; Ya-ping Zhang; Carlos D. Bustamante; Elaine A. Ostrander; John Novembre; Robert K. Wayne (8 April 2010). "Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyses reveal a rich history underlying dog domestication". Nature. 464 (7290): 898–902. Bibcode:2010Natur.464..898V. doi:10.1038/nature08837. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 3494089. PMID 20237475.
  5. ^ United Kennel Club (US) breed information 2011-01-03 at the Wayback Machine

April 25, 2024
scent, hound, scenthounds, type, hound, that, primarily, hunts, scent, rather, than, sight, these, breeds, hunting, dogs, generally, regarded, having, some, most, sensitive, noses, among, dogs, specialize, following, scent, smells, most, them, tend, have, long. Scent hounds or scenthounds 1 are a type of hound that primarily hunts by scent rather than sight These breeds are hunting dogs and are generally regarded as having some of the most sensitive noses among dogs Scent hounds specialize in following scent or smells Most of them tend to have long drooping ears and large nasal cavities to enhance smell sensitivity They need to have relatively high endurance to be able to keep track of scent over long distances and rough terrain It is believed that they were first bred by the Celts by crossbreeding mastiff type dogs with sighthounds The first established scent hounds were St Hubert Hounds the ancestor of today s Bloodhound bred by monks in Belgium during the Middle Ages 2 The Beagle long ears large nasal passages and a sturdy body for endurance A Treeing Walker Coonhound baying Franz Rudolf Frisching in the uniform of an officer of the Bernese Huntsmen Corps with his Berner Laufhund painted by Jean Preudhomme in 1785 Contents 1 Description 2 Vocalization 3 Classification 4 Genetic history 5 Breeds 6 United Kennel Club US Scenthound Group 7 See also 8 ReferencesDescription editHounds are hunting dogs that either hunt by following the scent of a game animal scent hounds or by following the animal by sight sighthounds There are many breeds in the scent hound type and scent hounds may do other work as well so exactly which breeds should be called scent hound can be controversial Kennel clubs assign breeds of dogs to Groups which are loosely based on breed types Each kennel club determines which breeds it will place in a given group Scent hounds specialize in following a smell or scent Most of these breeds have long drooping ears One theory says that this trait helps to collect scent from the air and keep it near the dog s face and nose They also have large nasal cavities which helps them scent better Their typically loose moist lips are said to assist in trapping scent particles Because scent hounds tend to walk or run with their noses to the ground many scent hound breeds have been developed such that the dog will hold their tail upright when on a scent In addition some breeds e g beagle also have been bred to have white hair on the tip of their tails These traits allow the dog s master to identify him when at a distance or in longer grassland Scent hounds do not need to be as fast as sighthounds because they do not need to keep prey in sight but they need endurance so that they can stick with a scent and follow it for long distances over rough terrain The best scent hounds can follow a scent trail even across running water and even when it is several days old Most scent hounds are used for hunting in packs of multiple dogs Longer legged hounds run more quickly and usually require that the hunters follow on horseback shorter legged hounds allow hunters to follow on foot Hunting with some breeds such as German Bracke American Foxhounds or coonhounds involves allowing the pack of dogs to run freely while the hunters wait in a fixed spot until the dogs baying announces that the game has been treed The hunters then go to the spot on foot following the sound of the dogs baying 3 Vocalization editMost scent hounds have a range of vocalizations which can vary depending upon the situation the dog finds himself in Their baying voice most often used when excited and is useful in informing their master that they are following a scent trail is deep and booming and can be distinct from their barking voice which itself can have variations in tone from excited to nervous or fearful As they are bred to give voice when excited scent hounds may bark much more frequently than other dog breeds Although this can be a nuisance in settled areas it is a valuable trait that allows the dog s handler to follow the dog or pack of dogs during a hunt even when they are out of sight such as when following a fox or raccoon through woodlandClassification editThe Federation Cynologique Internationale FCI places scent hounds into their classification Group 6 This includes a subdivision Section 2 Leash Hounds some examples of which are the Bavarian Mountain Hound Bayrischer Gebirgsschweisshund no 217 the Hanover Hound Hannover scher Schweisshund no 213 and the Alpine Dachsbracke Alpenlandische Dachsbracke no 254 In addition the Dalmatian and the Rhodesian Ridgeback are placed in Group 6 as Related breeds Genetic history editGenetic studies indicate that the scent hounds are more closely related to each other than they are with other branches on the dog family tree 4 Breeds editThe scent hound type includes the following breeds Alpine Dachsbracke American Leopard Hound Anglo French hounds French hounds crossed with English Foxhounds Anglo Francais de Petite Venerie Grand Anglo Francais Blanc et Noir Grand Anglo Francais Blanc et Orange Grand Anglo Francais Tricolore Ariegeois Artois Hound Austrian Black and Tan Hound Basset Artesien Normand Basset Bleu de Gascogne Basset Fauve de Bretagne Basset Hound Bavarian Mountain Hound Beagle Beagle Harrier Billy Black Mouth Cur Bloodhound Blue Lacy Bosnian Broken haired Hound Briquet Griffon Vendeen Catahoula Leopard Dog Coonhounds Black and Tan Coonhound Bluetick Coonhound English Coonhound a k a American English Coonhound and Redtick Coonhound Redbone Coonhound Treeing Walker Coonhound Cretan Hound Dachshund Deutsche Bracke Drever Swedish Dachsbracke Dunker Norwegian Hound Estonian Hound Finnish Hound Foxhounds American Foxhound English Foxhound Dumfriesshire Black and Tan Foxhound extinct Welsh Foxhound French hounds Chien Francais Blanc et Noir Chien Francais Blanc et Orange Chien Francais Tricolore Grand Basset Griffon Vendeen Grand Bleu de Gascogne Grand Gascon Saintongeois Grand Griffon Vendeen Greek Harehound Griffon Bleu de Gascogne Griffon Fauve de Bretagne Hamiltonstovare Hanover Hound Harrier Istrian Coarse haired Hound Istrian Shorthaired Hound Kerry Beagle Limer obsolete term Montenegrin Mountain Hound Mountain Cur North Country Beagle Northern Hound extinct Otterhound Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen Petit Bleu de Gascogne Petit Gascon Saintongeois Plott Hound Polish Hound pl Ogar Polski Polish Hunting Dog pl Gonczy Polski Porcelaine Posavac Hound Rache obsolete term Sabueso Espanol Spanish Scenthound Sabueso fino Colombiano St Hubert Jura Hound Schillerstovare Segugio dell Appennino Segugio Italiano a pelo forte Segugio Italiano a pelo raso Segugio Maremmano Serbian Hound Serbian Tricolour Hound Schweizer Laufhund Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund Slovensky Kopov Slovakian Hound Smalandstovare Southern Hound extinct Stephens Cur Styrian Coarse haired Hound Talbot Hound extinct Transylvanian Hound Treeing Cur Treeing Tennessee Brindle Trigg Hound Tyrolean Hound Westphalian DachsbrackeUnited Kennel Club US Scenthound Group editThe Scenthound Group is the group category used by the United Kennel Club US which it divides into two categories The first includes the American hunting dogs known as coonhounds and the European hounds from which they were developed These are referred to as Tree Hounds The category also includes curs American dogs bred for hunting a variety of game such as squirrels raccoons opossums bobcats cougars American black bears and feral pigs The second category is referred to as Trailing Scenthounds and includes dogs used for tracking of humans reputedly descended from the St Hubert Hounds 5 See also edit nbsp Dogs portal Dog type Hound Hunting dog SighthoundReferences edit Breed Group Designations United Kennel Club Retrieved 2021 09 25 History American Kennel Club Coon hunting on ESPN vonHoldt Bridgett M John P Pollinger Kirk E Lohmueller Eunjung Han Heidi G Parker Pascale Quignon Jeremiah D Degenhardt Adam R Boyko Dent A Earl Adam Auton Andy Reynolds Kasia Bryc Abra Brisbin James C Knowles Dana S Mosher Tyrone C Spady Abdel Elkahloun Eli Geffen Malgorzata Pilot Wlodzimierz Jedrzejewski Claudia Greco Ettore Randi Danika Bannasch Alan Wilton Jeremy Shearman Marco Musiani Michelle Cargill Paul G Jones Zuwei Qian Wei Huang Zhao Li Ding Ya ping Zhang Carlos D Bustamante Elaine A Ostrander John Novembre Robert K Wayne 8 April 2010 Genome wide SNP and haplotype analyses reveal a rich history underlying dog domestication Nature 464 7290 898 902 Bibcode 2010Natur 464 898V doi 10 1038 nature08837 ISSN 0028 0836 PMC 3494089 PMID 20237475 United Kennel Club US breed information Archived 2011 01 03 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Scent hound amp oldid 1177239289, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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