Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority
The Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority, more commonly known simply as the Valley Transportation Authority (VTA), is a special district responsible for public transit services, congestion management, specific highway improvement projects, and countywide transportation planning for Santa Clara County, California. It serves San Jose, California, and the surrounding Silicon Valley. It is one of the governing parties for the Caltrain commuter rail line that serves the county. In 2022, the VTA's public transportation services had a combined ridership of 21,381,600, or about 84,800 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2023.
| Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority | |
|---|---|
VTA bus (top) and light rail vehicle (bottom) | |
| Overview | |
| Locale | Santa Clara County, California |
| Transit type | Bus and light rail |
| Number of lines | 70 bus, 3 light rail |
| Number of stations | 62 |
| Daily ridership | 84,800 (weekdays, Q3 2023)[1] |
| Annual ridership | 21,381,600 (2022)[2] |
| Website | vta.org |
| Operation | |
| Began operation | January 1, 1973 |
| Technical | |
| System length | 42.2 mi (67.9 km) (light rail) |
History edit
Santa Clara County Transit District edit
In 1969, Santa Clara County had three private bus companies, all of which were in serious financial trouble: Peninsula Transit, San Jose City Lines, and Peerless Stages.[3] The California Legislature enacted the Santa Clara County Transit District Act in 1969,[3] which allowed the Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors to place a ballot measure asking county voters if the Santa Clara County Transit District (SCCTD) shall be formed.[4]: 433–434 However, the Act did not supply any funding for the new district; SCCTD would be funded as required by issuing bonds.[4]: 451 The formation of the Santa Clara County Transit District was rejected in 1969 and 1970 before it was finally approved by county voters on June 6, 1972.[3] The SCCTD took over the operations of the three old bus companies on January 1, 1973.[3]
On September 26, 1974, the county Board of Supervisors dissolved the Public Works Department.[5] Non-transit operations went into a new General Services Agency, while transit operations were placed into a new Santa Clara County Transportation Agency.[5] Under the terms of the SCCTD Act, the five-member Board of Supervisors also served as the Board of Supervisors for the new transit district.[4]: 435 They would be advised by a commission consisting of members appointed by the cities (one member appointed by each city in the county) and five members of the public appointed by the county supervisors.[4]: 436–437 SCCTD administration would be led by an executive officer.[4]: 437
In its early years the Santa Clara County Transportation District approached the task of replacing the bus fleet it inherited from its predecessors, which was in need of upgrades and repair. At first the district bought propane-fueled Twin Coaches[6] and Gillig/Neoplans.[7] SCCTD switched to an all-diesel fleet after six buses went up in flames between December 1977 and April 1978.[8] At the time, critics referred to the buses as "rolling propane bombs."[8]
On March 6, 1976, Santa Clara County voters approved a half-cent sales tax, Measure A, to help support the Santa Clara County Transit District. In 1977, the primary Overhaul and Repair Facility was built at the Cerone Yard. Also in 1977, County Supervisors decided to change the bus fleet from propane to diesel and ordered 102 buses. By 1979, three additional bus yards were built and commissioned into service.[9]
Another issue was improving the diversity of its workforce. In December 1978, the SCCTD approved an affirmative action plan for the Transportation Agency. After a long legal battle, the U.S. Supreme Court by a 6-3 majority upheld the gender component of the plan against a civil rights challenge on March 25, 1987.[10]
VTA light rail commenced revenue service along the Guadalupe line on December 11, 1987.[11][12][13] Expansion of the single line continued in sections until 1991 when the starter system was completed to Santa Teresa station in South San Jose including the Almaden spur line.[11]
Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority edit
On January 1, 1995, the SCCTD merged with the county Congestion Management Agency to become the SCVTA. For convenience, the acronym was later shortened to VTA.
In 1996, voters approved a half-cent general county sales tax, Measure B, and a companion list of transportation projects recommended to be funded with Measure B, called (1996) Measure A. The two measures were designed to adhere to the rule in the California State Constitution that requires a two-thirds supermajority to pass any special purpose sales tax, but only a majority vote to pass a general sales tax. The measure was challenged, but in 1998, the California Supreme Court ruled that the two measure system was valid.[14] The tax was to be collected for ten years.
In 2000, voters approved a 30-year extension of the 1996 sales tax to fund the Silicon Valley BART extension, which will eventually extend Bay Area Rapid Transit from its original terminus in Fremont to Santa Clara Transit Center. 2000 Measure A also included funding for light rail extensions, bus service expansion, expansion and electrification of Caltrain service,[15] and connections from San Jose International Airport to BART, Caltrain and VTA light rail. The measure was placed on the ballot by the VTA and did not include funding specifically for highway projects. The measure passed with 70% of the vote. Revenues from the sales tax would not begin being collected until April 2006.
After 2000, due to the dot-com bust, existing revenue sources declined and VTA was forced to cut service and increase fares. VTA introduced a series of fare increases between 1998 and 2005.[16] VTA's farebox recovery is approximately 13% and the Authority is focused on increasing the ratio. VTA contemplated service reductions in 2003 [17] to address its budget problems.[18] Instead, VTA changed routes to respond to customer demands and by 2008 saw increased ridership numbers.[19]
In keeping with 2000 Measure A, VTA needed additional funding to deliver the 6-mile-long (9.7 km) second phase of the BART Silicon Valley extension to Santa Clara, including the 5-mile-long (8.0 km) subway tunnel through downtown San Jose. Measure B, added to the November 2016 ballot, would raise $6.3 billion for transit projects via a half-cent increase in sales tax. It included up to $1.6 billion for the BART extension, as well as funds for Caltrain electrification, grade separation, and road improvements.[20][21] Voters passed the 2016 Measure B, which required a two-thirds majority vote.[22] A lawsuit was filed in January 2017 by Cheriel Jensen to challenge the validity of the measure. It was initially dismissed with prejudice in July 2017,[23] but an appeal was subsequently filed in August 2017 to the 6th District Court of Appeal.[24] Pending a resolution, the funds collected by taxes introduced by 2016 Measure B were held in an escrow account.[25] The appeals court upheld the dismissal,[26] and on January 23, 2019, the California Supreme Court refused to hear the final appeal.[27] In January 2020, climate activists pushed the VTA to reallocate Measure B funds away from road projects and into more transit improvements, but were voted down at the San Jose City Council, which controls a majority of the VTA's board.[28]
On June 13, 2020, VTA opened the first 10-mile-long (16 km) phase of the BART Silicon Valley extension to the Berryessa/North San José station, ceding operations to the Bay Area Rapid Transit District.[29]
In April 2021, the VTA suffered a ransomware attack that disabled many of the agency's computer systems, including the paratransit reservation tracker.[30]
On May 26, 2021, a mass shooting occurred at a VTA rail yard in San Jose, California. Ten people, including the gunman, were killed during the shooting, making it the deadliest mass shooting in the history of the San Francisco Bay Area.[31]
Leadership edit
Board of directors edit
Starting from January 1, 1995,[32]: 9 the Santa Clara VTA special district is governed by a board of directors with 12 voting members[33] composed of political leaders at the city and county level, including the Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors, San Jose City Council, and other cities including Campbell, Cupertino, Gilroy, Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, Los Gatos, Milpitas, Monte Sereno, Morgan Hill, Mountain View, Palo Alto, Santa Clara, Saratoga, and Sunnyvale.
Of the eighteen members, fifteen are drawn from city councils and three are county supervisors; twelve are voting members and six are alternates.[34] Five of the fifteen board members from city councils are from San Jose, which has led to criticism that the board is too heavily weighted towards one city.[35][36]
Under the original proposal to form VTA in 1994, a sixteen-member board was proposed: five members directly elected, one each from the five County Supervisorial Districts; and eleven appointed from elected bodies (city councils or the county board of supervisors). The implementing legislation changed this structure to a nineteen-member board: twelve voting members, five alternates, and up to two ex-officio members, who serve as VTA's representatives to the Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission.[37]: 2 For the first ten years (1995–2004), the twelve voting members were selected as:[37]: 2
- 5 from the San Jose City Council
- 5 from other city councils in Santa Clara County:
- 1 from Sunnyvale for 8 of 10 years; the remaining 2 years are filled by a member from the other Central district cities (Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, Mountain View, or Palo Alto)
- 1 from Santa Clara for 8 of 10 years; the remaining 2 years are filled by a member from the other Central district cities
- 1 from the Central district cities, on a rotating basis
- 1 from the South/Eastern district cities (Gilroy, Milpitas, or Morgan Hill), on a rotating basis
- 1 from the Western district cities (Campbell, Cupertino, Los Gatos, Monte Sereno, or Saratoga), on a rotating basis
- 2 County Supervisors
Each Board of Directors member serves a two-year term. For the non-rotating members (San Jose, Sunnyvale, Santa Clara, and County Supervisor), each member may serve multiple terms.[37]: 2
From 2004 to 2009, the Board had similar requirements with five San Jose City Councilmembers and two County Supervisors; the five non-San Jose city-level Board members were selected as:[38]: 2
- 1 from the South/Eastern district cities (Gilroy, Milpitas, or Morgan Hill), on a rotating basis
- 1 from the Western district cities (Campbell, Cupertino, Los Gatos, Monte Sereno, or Saratoga), on a rotating basis
- 3 from the Central district cities (Sunnyvale, Santa Clara, Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, Mountain View, or Palo Alto), on a rotating basis
In June 2004, a Santa Clara County Grand Jury criticized the governance structure, calling it "too large, too political, too dependent on staff, too inexperienced in some cases, and too removed from the financial and operational performance of VTA."[37]: 4 Since VTA board members are required to be elected officials, they must juggle their other duties in addition to VTA. The Grand Jury recommended that the VTA board be shrunk to five to seven members, with members either appointed solely for transportation issues or directly elected by the voters.[37] Grand juries in 2009[38] and 2019 have echoed similar complaints.[32]
Assemblymember Marc Berman (D-Menlo Park) introduced AB 1091 on February 18, 2021,[39] which would reduce the size of the board to nine members, of which five would be appointed by the County Supervisors, two would be from San Jose, and two would be from the remaining cities, split between the northern cities (one member from Palo Alto, Mountain View, Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, Sunnyvale, or Milpitas) and the southern cities (one member from Santa Clara, Campbell, Cupertino, Saratoga, Los Gatos, Monte Sereno, Morgan Hill, or Gilroy). Instead of the current structure, which appoints Board members from elected officials, under Berman's proposed bill, the Board members would be appointed from the public and serve four-year terms.[35] AB 1091 faced significant opposition from the San Jose City Council[40] and was tabled in May.[41]
Berman followed up by re-introducing the VTA Board reform bill as AB 2181 on February 15, 2022.[42] AB 2181 passed the Assembly on a 69–2 vote in May, with Assemblymembers Ash Kalra and Mark Stone opposed.[43] Current and former VTA Board members criticized AB 2181 as not sufficiently ensuring representation from smaller cities and not addressing the root causes of VTA's low ridership.[43]
General Manager and CEO edit
| Name | Term |
|---|---|
| Peter Cipolla | 1995 – Jun 30, 2005[44] |
| Michael Burns | Aug 2005[45] – Dec 31, 2013[46] |
| Nuria I. Fernandez | Dec 2013 – Jan 2021 |
| Evelynn Tran (acting) | Jan 2021 – Jul 2021 |
| Carolyn Gonot | Jul 2021 – present |
Operations and management at VTA are led by the General Manager and Chief Executive Officer (GM/CEO). General Counsel Evelynn Tran served as the interim GM/CEO while the agency searched for a permanent replacement for Nuria I. Fernandez,[47] who was appointed Deputy Administrator of the Federal Transit Administration in January 2021.[48] Carolyn Gonot, who had served in multiple leadership roles at VTA before leaving in 2019 to head the Utah Transit Authority, was appointed the General Manager and CEO in May 2021, and began serving in July.[49]
Congestion management edit
VTA also serves as the Congestion Management Agency for Santa Clara County. In this role VTA makes decisions on what local projects can utilize federal and state funding, and manage sales tax revenue that is specified for VTA usages, such as 1987 Measure A and 2000 Measure A sales tax measures.
Transit services edit
VTA operates three light rail lines, a number of bus lines, and paratransit service. VTA is a member agency of Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board that manages Caltrain commuter rail, providing one-third of annual operating funds and all the funding for specific improvement projects within Santa Clara County. VTA is also a member agency of Capitol Corridor Joint Powers Authority that manages Capitol Corridor intercity rail service. The VTA is responsible for building the Silicon Valley BART extension but is not a member of the Bay Area Rapid Transit District.
As VTA covers Santa Clara County in general, it serves the major core city of San Jose (where VTA is based and headquartered), with service to the other municipalities of Campbell, Cupertino, Gilroy, Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, Los Gatos, Milpitas, Monte Sereno, Morgan Hill, Mountain View, Palo Alto, Santa Clara, Saratoga and Sunnyvale. Only Campbell, Milpitas, Mountain View, San Jose, Santa Clara and Sunnyvale are served by light rail. The VTA partners with Highway 17 Express to provide service to Santa Cruz and with Dumbarton Express to provide transbay service between Union City and Stanford University.
Light rail edit
Bus routes edit
VTA operates 43 regularly operating bus routes as of January 2022[update], including 39 regular bus routes and 4 rapid bus routes. Many of these routes connect to VTA light rail service, and Caltrain stations. In addition, VTA operates 4 express routes, 8 school trip services, 8 free shuttle routes connecting to ACE commuter rail services, and one commuter shuttle to the Valley Medical Center
VTA's longest and most-used bus route is the 22, which connects VTA's Eastridge Transit Center in East San Jose with the Caltrain station in Palo Alto, which serves as a transfer point for SamTrans buses from San Mateo County. Line 22 is the only line with 24-hour, 7 days-per-week service, including night bus service as part of the regional All-Nighter Network. One side effect of Line 22's 24-hour schedule is that it doubles as a moving homeless shelter.[50][51][52] Line 22's fleet of coaches primarily consists of articulated low floorbuses.
On January 14, 2008, VTA implemented major updates in its bus service. Some routes became part of a community bus network that utilizes shorter buses and charges a cheaper fee than standard bus service. Others became part of a core network with headways of 15 minutes or less. Additionally, some bus routes underwent changes in routing, while other, less-used routes were deleted completely. The agency completed another bus service redesign on December 28, 2019.[53]
BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) edit
Current service edit
On July 5, 2005, VTA implemented its first rapid bus line along the VTA's busiest corridor. Modeled after the Metro Rapid service in Los Angeles, rapid bus Line 522 follows most of the Line 22 route, and features limited stops, headway based schedules, low floor fleet, and signal priority along El Camino Real. However, the current rapid bus service by VTA does not fully qualify as BRT, due to the lack of separate ticketing stations and platforms, distinctive vehicles, and special lanes which allow BRT to avoid traffic jams. Rather, it serves as a temporary rapid bus service until VTA officially opens a BRT transit corridor along the same route, which will upgrade the current 522 route.
Future edit
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VTA had planned to add distinctive vehicles, separate bus-exclusive lanes on Alum Rock Avenue, El Camino Real, and Stevens Creek Boulevard, ticketing platforms separate from other buses, and possible amenities such as wait time for successive BRT buses by 2016 (making BRT behave more like a light rail or tram system, instead of bus service). This would also upgrade the existing 522 bus service to an official BRT, and rename the entire VTA-operated BRT service to VTA Rapid, differentiating it from VTA's buses division.
This plan involved reducing general traffic lanes from 3 lanes in each direction which was unpopular and the plans were abandoned in January 2018.[54]
An additional rapid line, the 568, along the current route 68 is proposed to replace the current 168 express as part of the 2021 Service Plan.[55] This plan was delayed until February 2022 to direct resources to reducing passenger pass-ups due to capacity limits during the COVID-19 pandemic.[56]
Paratransit edit
VTA Access is the agency's paratransit service, a door-to-door shuttle service available to disabled people that meets the requirements of the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. MV Transportation, a for-profit agency, has been the contract paratransit broker for VTA since November 2016, after the previous broker, Outreach & Escort, was found to be overbilling the agency for its VTA Outreach service.[57]
Future SJC–Diridon–DAC connector edit
VTA released a request for information in July 2019 to solicit concepts for a grade-separated system that would connect Diridon Station with the San Jose International Airport (SJC), a distance of approximately 3 miles (4.8 km). Potential SJC airport connector alignments include either an underground route following existing streets, or an aerial route partially along State Route 87. The RFI also asked potential bidders to design a continuation to De Anza College along Stevens Creek Boulevard. One major goal of the RFI was to determine if new technologies could be used to deliver a solution "at significantly lower costs than traditional transit projects."[58][59]
Vintage trolley service edit
VTA operates a seasonal vintage trolley service. It operates between Civic Center and the San Jose Caltrain stations. Information on this service can be found on VTA's website.
Facilities edit
- Administration
- Yards
The VTA headquarters and administration offices are next to the River Oaks light rail station on North First Street in San Jose.[60] There are four yards, three of which (Cerone, Chaboya, and North) are used for bus storage, with maintenance conducted at Cerone;[61] the other (Guadalupe Yard) is the maintenance and storage facility for the light rail division.[62]
Highway improvement edit
Besides providing transit services to residents of Santa Clara County, VTA also manages countywide highway projects that use county sales tax revenues, in conjunction with Caltrans. In this role, VTA was responsible for several highway projects such as widening portions of US 101 between San Jose and Morgan Hill, and Interstate 880 within Santa Clara County. VTA will also be the leading agency in SR 152/SR 156 interchange and future widening projects.
Footnotes edit
- ^ "Transit Ridership Report Third Quarter 2023" (PDF). American Public Transportation Association. November 30, 2023. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
- ^ "Transit Ridership Report Fourth Quarter 2022" (PDF). American Public Transportation Association. March 1, 2023. Retrieved March 29, 2023.
- ^ a b c d McCaleb (1994), p. 12.
- ^ a b c d e California State Assembly. "An act to add Part 12 (commencing with Section 100000) to Division 10 of the Public Utilities Code, to amend Sections 6052.5, 7056, 7242, 7273, and 320101 of, and to add Section 7272.5 to, the Revenue and Taxation Code, relating to Transit Districts, and declaring the urgency thereof, to take effect immediately". 1969 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 180 p. 432. direct URL
- ^ a b McCaleb (1994), p. 16.
- ^ Norrington, Leon. . VIBES (VTA Information Bus Enthusiasts Stop). Archived from the original on October 26, 2009.
- ^ Norrington, Leon. . VIBES (VTA Information Bus Enthusiasts Stop. Archived from the original on October 26, 2009.
- ^ a b McCaleb (1994), p. 26.
- ^ Valley Transportation Authority (2005-11-17). "Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority History"[1] 2017-07-04 at the Wayback Machine. Valley Transportation Authority. Retrieved 2014-04-09.
- ^ Johnson v. Transportation Agency, 480 U.S. 616 (1987)
- ^ a b Warner, David C. (April 1991). "San Jose: Guadalupe Corridor Line Completed". Passenger Train Journal. pp. 32–38. ISSN 0160-6913.
- ^ Robinson, Bert (December 11, 1987). "All Aboard – It's Off and Rolling". San Jose Mercury News. et al. Sec A:1.
- ^ Grant, Joanne (November 6, 1987). "Mishap Won't Delay Light Rail". San Jose Mercury News. Sec B:3.
- ^ "Measure B Transportation Improvement Program (PRG)". County of Santa Clara.[permanent dead link]
- ^ . Archived from the original on 2008-10-08. Retrieved 2008-09-14.
- ^ . Santa Clara VTA Riders Union. 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-02-17. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
- ^ . Transportation and Land Use Coalition. 2004-05-10. Archived from the original on 2008-02-08. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
- ^ "VTA on the brink of bankruptcy". The Gilroy Dispatch. Main Street Media Group. 2003-04-11. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
- ^ . Archived from the original on 2011-06-05.
- ^ Petermann, Felix (7 November 2016). "Santa Clara County to vote on sales tax increase for transportation projects as traffic worsens". Peninsula Press. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
- ^ Kurhi, Eric (17 October 2016). "Stuck in traffic, Santa Clara County voters weigh transportation tax". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- ^ Dremann, Sue (9 November 2016). "Measure B wins by several points; Measure A just squeaks by". Palo Alto Online. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- ^ "Case Number 17CV304960, Cheriel Jensen vs Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority". Santa Clara Superior Court. 9 January 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2017. Search using the case number, 17CV304960
- ^ "Court of Appeal Case H044974, Jensen v. Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority". California Courts. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- ^ Ross, Stacey Hendler (25 August 2017). . Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. Archived from the original on 2018-01-08. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
- ^ Cheriel Jensen v. Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority, Cal.App.6th (October 10, 2018).
- ^ Woolfolk, John (January 23, 2019). "Santa Clara County: Court decision frees 2016 transportation tax money for road, transit projects". The Mercury News. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
- ^ Lopez, Nadia (January 28, 2020). "San Jose lawmakers vote against supporting Measure B funds reallocation". San Jose Spotlight. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
- ^ "BART service to Milpitas and Berryessa stations starts Saturday". Oakland, California: KTVU. June 12, 2020. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
- ^ Savidge, Nico (April 26, 2021). "'A hot mess': VTA ransomware attack strands riders with disabilities". The Mercury News. San Jose, California. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
- ^ Angst, Maggie; Woolfolk, John; Toledo, Aldo; Sulek, Julia Prodis; Salonga, Robert; Green, Jason (May 26, 2021). "Victims, shooter identified in Bay Area's deadliest mass shooting". The Mercury News. San Jose, California. from the original on May 26, 2021. Retrieved May 26, 2021.
- ^ a b Inquiry into Governance of the Valley Transportation Authority (PDF) (Report). 2018-2019 Civil Grand Jury of Santa Clara County. June 18, 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "Boards and Committees". Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "Board and Committees". Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ a b "Legislator wants to shake up VTA". Palo Alto Daily Post. February 20, 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ Hutton, Adam F. (January 25, 2020). "Political power struggle is the 'elephant in the room' at VTA board meeting". San Jose Spotlight. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Inquiry into the Board Structure and Financial Management of the Valley Transportation Authority (PDF) (Report). 2003-2004 Santa Clara County Civil Grand Jury. May 27, 2004. (PDF) from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
- ^ a b Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority: Taking the public for a ride (PDF) (Report). 2008-2009 Civil Grand Jury of Santa Clara County. May 7, 2009. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "AB-1091 Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority: board of directors". California State Legislature. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ Wipf, Carly (March 18, 2021). "San Jose leaders push back against bill to change VTA governance". San Jose Spotlight. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ Mau, Serena (May 25, 2021). "AB 1091, VTA Board governance overhaul bill, shelved for the year—but opportunities remain". Seamless Bay Area. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "AB-2181 Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority: board of directors". California State Legislature. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ a b Wolfe, Eli (June 5, 2022). "San Jose transit board fights bill that would reorganize leadership". San Jose Spotlight. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "GM of VTA resigns". Gilroy Dispatch. January 4, 2005. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "VTA Hires Transportation Director". The Morgan Hill Times. August 23, 2005. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ "Santa Clara VTA's Burns to retire as GM by year's end". Progressive Railroading. March 1, 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ Angst, Maggie (January 19, 2021). "Santa Clara County's top transit leader joins the Biden administration". The Mercury News. San Jose, California. Retrieved June 2, 2021.
- ^ Luczak, Marybeth (January 21, 2021). "USDOT Appointments Announced". Railway Age. Chicago. Retrieved June 2, 2021.
- ^ Ross, Stacey Hendler (May 21, 2021). "Carolyn Gonot Appointed as New VTA General Manager & CEO". Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- ^ Jane Lii, "Refuge On The Road: Homeless Find Nighttime Haven — The No. 22 Bus From Menlo Park To San Jose", San Jose Mercury News, 9 January 2000, 1A.
- ^ Cathy Newman, "Silicon Valley: Inside the Dream Incubator", National Geographic 200, no. 6 (December 2001): 52-76.
- ^ Zaki, Jamil (2019). The War for Kindness: Building Empathy in a Fractured World (2020 trade paperback ed.). New York: Broadway Books. p. 151. ISBN 9780451499264. Retrieved February 27, 2023.
- ^ . Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. Archived from the original on 2008-02-27. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
- ^ "VTA says bus-only lanes on El Camino are dead". Palo Alto Daily Post. 2018-01-31. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
- ^ "2021 Transit Service Plan – 90% Scenario". VTA. from the original on 2020-11-09.
- ^ "Service Frequency Improvements to Begin Feb. 8 | VTA". www.vta.org. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
- ^ Richards, Gary (November 4, 2016). "VTA hires new paratransit service for disabled, elderly riders". The Mercury News. San Jose, California. Retrieved September 7, 2022.
- ^ Ross, Stacey Hendler (July 2, 2019). "Connecting San Jose Airport With Transit". Headways [blog]. Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. Retrieved 19 August 2019.
- ^ "Bid #RFI 2019-DOT-PPD-4 – New Transit Options: Airport-Diridon-Stevens Creek Transit Connection". BidSync. City of San Jose. Retrieved 19 August 2019.
- ^ "River Oaks VTA Campus" (PDF). Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ "Cerone Transit-Oriented Development: Request for Proposals" (PDF). Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. August 2019. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ "2: Alternatives" (PDF). Silicon Valley Rapid Transit Corridor Final Environmental Impact Statement and 4(F) Evaluation (PDF) (Report). Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. March 2010. p. 2-15. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
References edit
- McCaleb, Charles S. (1994). Rails, Roads & Runways: The 20-Year Saga of Santa Clara County's Transportation Agency. San Jose, CA: Santa Clara County Transportation Agency. ISBN 978-0-9644466-0-1.
External links edit
- VTA
- Outreach
- Silicon Valley Transit Users – A public transit advocate and watchdog group not affiliated with VTA
- VTA Watch
- Transportation and Land Use Coalition
- BayRail Alliance
- List of VTA bus routes and descriptions