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Apostolic Penitentiary

October 20, 2023

The Apostolic Penitentiary (Latin: Paenitentiaria Apostolica), formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary, is a dicastery of the Roman Curia and is one of the three ordinary tribunals of the Apostolic See. The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribunal of mercy, responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church.

Current logo of the Apostolic Penitentiary

The Apostolic Penitentiary has jurisdiction only over matters in the internal forum. Its work falls mainly into these categories:

The head of the Apostolic Penitentiary, the Major Penitentiary, is one of the few Vatican officials who retain their positions sede vacante.[1] If the Major Penitentiary is a cardinal elector he is one of only three persons in the conclave allowed to communicate with those outside the conclave, so that he can continue to fulfill his duties (the other two being the Cardinal Vicar of Rome and the Vicar General for the Vatican City State).[2] The Major Penitentiary is a titular archbishop and is normally a cardinal. Since 21 September 2013, the Major Penitentiary is Cardinal Mauro Piacenza. The second-highest-ranking official in the Apostolic Penitentiary, the regent, is Msgr. Krzysztof Józef Nykiel.

History Edit

During the Middle Ages, the Apostolic Penitentiary had two major functions. The officium minus related to the spiritual care of Christians, and the ability to listen to confessions and absolve sins of grave nature, whose absolving was reserved to the Pope. The officium maius related to the power to grant grace to those petitioned the Pope in relation to: (1) absolution for breaking the regulations of canon law (2) dispensations to act against Church regulations (3) licenses not to observe ecclesiastical norms regarding the exercise of the faith and (4) official declarations. The Penitantiary developed around the 12th century, with its powers gradually increasing and being expanded by subsequent popes.[3]

Absolutions and dispensations Edit

Normally confessions of sins are handled at the local level by priests and their bishops and are not heard by the tribunal. The work of the Apostolic Penitentiary involves sins, such as defiling the Eucharist, which are reserved to the Holy See. In late 2006, then Major Penitentiary Cardinal Stafford said this offense is occurring with more and more frequency, by ordinary faithful who receive Communion and then spit it out or otherwise desecrate it.[4]

Indulgences Edit

The Apostolic Penitentiary also specifies actions for which indulgences are granted, either permanently (in the Enchiridion Indulgentiarum),[5] or on special occasions, such as the Year for Priests (19 June 2009 to 19 June 2010), during which a plenary indulgence is granted, on 19 June 2009, on first Thursdays, on 4 August 2009 (150th anniversary of the death of Saint Jean-Marie Vianney), and on 19 June 2010, to all the faithful who attend Mass, pray for priests to Jesus Christ the Eternal High Priest, offer any other good work they do that day, and satisfy the conditions for any plenary indulgence (detachment from all sins, the Sacrament of Penance within the last or next couple of weeks, holy communion (Eucharist in the Catholic Church), and praying for the Pope's intentions).[6] There are also adaptations for those unable to go to church, and daily indulgences available only to priests.[citation needed]

Misericordiae vultus Edit

In the Papal Bull Misericordiae Vultus (Latin: "The Face of Mercy"), Pope Francis decreed that the Church would observe a Special Jubilee Year of Mercy lasting from the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary (a Holy Day of Obligation) on Tuesday, December 8, 2015, until the Solemnity of the Feast of Christ the King of the Universe on the last Sunday before Advent, in November 2016. For this, he allowed certain qualified priests to serve as "Missionaries of Mercy" to each Diocese, with the faculties to absolve even sins that are reserved to the Holy See through the Apostolic Penitentiary. Normally, a priest or even a bishop would not be able to do this unless the person was in danger of imminent death. The Pope has the power, as the earthly absolute sovereign of the Catholic Church, to make this special change for the year.[7][8][9][10]

List of major penitentiaries Edit

1216–1405 Edit

1405–1899 Edit

1899–present Edit

See also Edit

References Edit

Citations Edit

  1. ^ Pope John Paul II (22 February 1996). "Universi Dominici Gregis, art. 14". from the original on 6 May 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-07.
  2. ^ Pope John Paul II (22 February 1996). "Universi Dominici Gregis, art. 44". from the original on 6 May 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-07.
  3. ^ Weiß, Stefan (2016-01-01). "The Curia: Camera". A Companion to the Medieval Papacy: 220–238. doi:10.1163/9789004315280_012. ISBN 9789004315280.
  4. ^ Squires, Nick (15 Jan 2009). "Vatican reveals secrets of worst sins". www.telegraph.co.uk. The Telegraph. Retrieved 12 Sep 2019.
  5. ^ (in Latin). Archived from the original on 2010-01-14. Retrieved 2009-12-05.
  6. ^ "Special Indulgence for the Year for Priests, Decree, Apostolic Penitentiary". www.vatican.va. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
  7. ^ Wooden, Cindy (2015-04-11). "Pope: Mercy is "the beating heart of the Gospel"". CNS Blog. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
  8. ^ Newsroom (2015-04-09). "Proclaiming the Holy Year at the Holy Door". CNS Blog. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
  9. ^ Schneible, Ann. "Pope Francis: Now is the time for mercy". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
  10. ^ "Misericordiae Vultus - Bull of indiction of the Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy (11 April 2015) | Francis". w2.vatican.va. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
  11. ^ He retained the post in the obedience of Avignon until his death in 1383. He was then succeeded by Pierre Amiel de Sarcenas (1383–89) and Pierre Girard (1394–1408)
  12. ^ a b During the Council of Pisa penitentiaries originated from both obediences (Roman and Avignon) retained their posts and divided the duties between themselves (Kubelbeck, p. 16)
  13. ^ He was penitentiary of Pope Gregory XII of the Roman obedience.

Sources Edit

  • John Paul II. .
  •   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Benedetto Ojetti (1913). "Roman Curia". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  • William J. Kubelbeck, The Sacred Penitentiaria and Its Relations to Faculties of Ordinaries and Priests, 2004.

External links Edit

 
Wikisource has the text of a 1921 Collier's Encyclopedia article about Apostolic Penitentiary.
  • Apostolic Penitentiary at the Vatican website.
  • GCatholic.org
  • Apostolic Penitentiary

October 20, 2023
apostolic, penitentiary, latin, paenitentiaria, apostolica, formerly, called, supreme, tribunal, dicastery, roman, curia, three, ordinary, tribunals, apostolic, chiefly, tribunal, mercy, responsible, issues, relating, forgiveness, sins, catholic, church, curre. The Apostolic Penitentiary Latin Paenitentiaria Apostolica formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary is a dicastery of the Roman Curia and is one of the three ordinary tribunals of the Apostolic See The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribunal of mercy responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church Current logo of the Apostolic PenitentiaryThe Apostolic Penitentiary has jurisdiction only over matters in the internal forum Its work falls mainly into these categories the absolution of excommunications latae sententiae reserved to the Holy See the dispensation of sacramental impediments reserved to the Holy See the issuance and governance of indulgences The head of the Apostolic Penitentiary the Major Penitentiary is one of the few Vatican officials who retain their positions sede vacante 1 If the Major Penitentiary is a cardinal elector he is one of only three persons in the conclave allowed to communicate with those outside the conclave so that he can continue to fulfill his duties the other two being the Cardinal Vicar of Rome and the Vicar General for the Vatican City State 2 The Major Penitentiary is a titular archbishop and is normally a cardinal Since 21 September 2013 the Major Penitentiary is Cardinal Mauro Piacenza The second highest ranking official in the Apostolic Penitentiary the regent is Msgr Krzysztof Jozef Nykiel Contents 1 History 2 Absolutions and dispensations 3 Indulgences 3 1 Misericordiae vultus 4 List of major penitentiaries 4 1 1216 1405 4 2 1405 1899 4 3 1899 present 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Citations 6 2 Sources 7 External linksHistory EditDuring the Middle Ages the Apostolic Penitentiary had two major functions The officium minus related to the spiritual care of Christians and the ability to listen to confessions and absolve sins of grave nature whose absolving was reserved to the Pope The officium maius related to the power to grant grace to those petitioned the Pope in relation to 1 absolution for breaking the regulations of canon law 2 dispensations to act against Church regulations 3 licenses not to observe ecclesiastical norms regarding the exercise of the faith and 4 official declarations The Penitantiary developed around the 12th century with its powers gradually increasing and being expanded by subsequent popes 3 Absolutions and dispensations EditNormally confessions of sins are handled at the local level by priests and their bishops and are not heard by the tribunal The work of the Apostolic Penitentiary involves sins such as defiling the Eucharist which are reserved to the Holy See In late 2006 then Major Penitentiary Cardinal Stafford said this offense is occurring with more and more frequency by ordinary faithful who receive Communion and then spit it out or otherwise desecrate it 4 Indulgences EditThe Apostolic Penitentiary also specifies actions for which indulgences are granted either permanently in the Enchiridion Indulgentiarum 5 or on special occasions such as the Year for Priests 19 June 2009 to 19 June 2010 during which a plenary indulgence is granted on 19 June 2009 on first Thursdays on 4 August 2009 150th anniversary of the death of Saint Jean Marie Vianney and on 19 June 2010 to all the faithful who attend Mass pray for priests to Jesus Christ the Eternal High Priest offer any other good work they do that day and satisfy the conditions for any plenary indulgence detachment from all sins the Sacrament of Penance within the last or next couple of weeks holy communion Eucharist in the Catholic Church and praying for the Pope s intentions 6 There are also adaptations for those unable to go to church and daily indulgences available only to priests citation needed Misericordiae vultus Edit In the Papal Bull Misericordiae Vultus Latin The Face of Mercy Pope Francis decreed that the Church would observe a Special Jubilee Year of Mercy lasting from the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary a Holy Day of Obligation on Tuesday December 8 2015 until the Solemnity of the Feast of Christ the King of the Universe on the last Sunday before Advent in November 2016 For this he allowed certain qualified priests to serve as Missionaries of Mercy to each Diocese with the faculties to absolve even sins that are reserved to the Holy See through the Apostolic Penitentiary Normally a priest or even a bishop would not be able to do this unless the person was in danger of imminent death The Pope has the power as the earthly absolute sovereign of the Catholic Church to make this special change for the year 7 8 9 10 List of major penitentiaries EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Apostolic Penitentiary news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message 1216 1405 Edit Nicola de Romanis 1216 1219 Tommaso da Capua 1219 1239 Bishop Guglielmo di Modena O Cart 1244 1251 Hugh of Saint Cher ca 1256 1263 Gui Foucault 1263 1265 Henry of Susa 1266 1271 Pierre de Tarentaise 1273 1276 1276 1279 probably vacant Bentivenga de Bentivengis 1279 1289 Matteo di Aquasparta 1289 1302 Gentile Partino 1302 1305 Berengar Fredol 1306 1323 Gauscelin de Jean ca 1327 1348 Etienne Aubert 1348 1352 Egidio Albornoz 1352 1367 Francesco degli Atti substitute penitentiary c 1353 1361 Guillaume Bragose substitute penitentiary 1361 1367 grand penitentiary 1367 Galhardus de Boscoviridi regent of the Apostolic Penitentiary 1367 1369 Etienne de Poissy 1369 1373 Jean du Cros 1373 1378 11 Giovanni d Amelia regent of the Apostolic Penitentiary 1378 Eleazario da Sabrano 1378 1379 Augustin de Lanzano regent of the Apostolic Penitentiary 1379 1382 Luca Rodolfucci de Gentili 1382 1388 Augustin de Lanzano regent of the Apostolic Penitentiary 1388 1389 Niccolo Caracciolo Moschino 1389 Francesco Carbone Tomacelli 1389 1405 1405 1899 Edit Antonio Caetani seniore 1405 1412 12 Pierre Girard 1409 1415 12 Giovanni Dominici 1408 1415 13 Giordano Orsini 1415 1438 Niccolo Albergati 1438 1443 Giuliano Cesarini 1444 Giovanni Berardi 1444 1449 Domenico Capranica 1449 1458 Filippo Calandrini 1459 1476 Giuliano della Rovere 1476 1503 Pedro Luis de Borja Lanzol de Romani 1503 1511 Leonardo Grosso della Rovere 1511 1520 Lorenzo Pucci 1520 1529 Antonio Pucci 1529 1544 Roberto Pucci 1545 1547 Ranuccio Farnese O S Io Hieros 1547 1565 Carlo Borromeo 1565 1572 Giovanni Aldobrandini 1572 1573 Stanislaw Hozjusz 1574 1579 Filippo Boncompagni 1579 1586 Ippolito Aldobrandini 1586 1592 Giulio Antonio Santori 1592 1602 Pietro Aldobrandini 1602 1605 Cinzio Passeri Aldobrandini 1605 1610 Scipione Borghese 1610 1633 Antonio Marcello Barberini O F M Cap 1633 1646 Orazio Giustiniani Orat 1647 1649 Niccolo Albergati Ludovisi 1650 1687 Leandro Colloredo Orat 1688 1709 Fabrizio Paolucci pro penitentiary 1709 1710 penitentiary 1710 1721 Bernardo Maria Conti O S B Cas 1721 1730 Vincenzo Petra pro penitentiary 1730 penitentiary 1730 1747 Gioacchino Besozzi O Cist 1747 1755 Antonio Andrea Galli C R SS S 1755 1767 Giovanni Carlo Boschi 1767 1788 Francesco Saverio Zelada 1788 1801 Leonardo Antonelli 1801 1811 Michele di Pietro 1811 1821 Francesco Saverio Castiglioni 1821 1829 who was elected Pope Pius VIII Emmanuele de Gregorio 1829 1839 Castruccio Castracane degli Antelminelli 1839 1852 Gabriele Ferretti 1852 1860 Antonio Maria Cagiano de Azevedo 1860 1867 Antonio Maria Panebianco O F M Conv 1867 1877 Luigi Bilio C R S P 1877 1884 Raffaele Monaco La Valletta 1884 1896 Isidoro Verga 1896 1899 1899 present Edit Serafino Vannutelli 20 November 1899 19 August 1915 Willem Marinus van Rossum CSSR 1 October 1915 12 March 1918 Oreste Giorgi 12 March 1918 30 December 1924 Andreas Franz Fruhwirth O P 8 January 1925 31 July 1927 Lorenzo Lauri 31 July 1927 8 October 1941 Nicola Canali 15 October 1941 3 August 1961 Arcadio Larraona Saralegui C M F 13 August 1961 2 February 1962 Fernando Cento 12 February 1962 7 April 1967 Giuseppe Ferretto 7 April 1967 1 March 1973 Giuseppe Paupini 21 March 1973 8 April 1984 Luigi Dadaglio Pro Major Penitentiary 8 April 1984 27 May 1985 Major Penitentiary 27 May 1985 6 April 1990 William Wakefield Baum 6 April 1990 22 November 2001 Luigi De Magistris Pro Major Penitentiary 22 November 2001 4 October 2003 James Francis Stafford 4 October 2003 2 June 2009 Fortunato Baldelli 2 June 2009 5 January 2012 Manuel Monteiro de Castro 5 January 2012 21 September 2013 Mauro Piacenza 21 September 2013 present See also Edit nbsp Vatican City portalReferences EditCitations Edit Pope John Paul II 22 February 1996 Universi Dominici Gregis art 14 Archived from the original on 6 May 2007 Retrieved 2007 05 07 Pope John Paul II 22 February 1996 Universi Dominici Gregis art 44 Archived from the original on 6 May 2007 Retrieved 2007 05 07 Weiss Stefan 2016 01 01 The Curia Camera A Companion to the Medieval Papacy 220 238 doi 10 1163 9789004315280 012 ISBN 9789004315280 Squires Nick 15 Jan 2009 Vatican reveals secrets of worst sins www telegraph co uk The Telegraph Retrieved 12 Sep 2019 ENCHIRIDION INDULGENTIARUM DECRETUM in Latin Archived from the original on 2010 01 14 Retrieved 2009 12 05 Special Indulgence for the Year for Priests Decree Apostolic Penitentiary www vatican va Retrieved 2019 06 13 Wooden Cindy 2015 04 11 Pope Mercy is the beating heart of the Gospel CNS Blog Retrieved 2019 06 13 Newsroom 2015 04 09 Proclaiming the Holy Year at the Holy Door CNS Blog Retrieved 2019 06 13 Schneible Ann Pope Francis Now is the time for mercy Catholic News Agency Retrieved 2019 06 13 Misericordiae Vultus Bull of indiction of the Extraordinary Jubilee of Mercy 11 April 2015 Francis w2 vatican va Retrieved 2019 06 13 He retained the post in the obedience of Avignon until his death in 1383 He was then succeeded by Pierre Amiel de Sarcenas 1383 89 and Pierre Girard 1394 1408 a b During the Council of Pisa penitentiaries originated from both obediences Roman and Avignon retained their posts and divided the duties between themselves Kubelbeck p 16 He was penitentiary of Pope Gregory XII of the Roman obedience Sources Edit John Paul II Pastor bonus art 117 120 nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Benedetto Ojetti 1913 Roman Curia In Herbermann Charles ed Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company William J Kubelbeck The Sacred Penitentiaria and Its Relations to Faculties of Ordinaries and Priests 2004 External links Edit nbsp Wikisource has the text of a 1921 Collier s Encyclopedia article about Apostolic Penitentiary Apostolic Penitentiary at the Vatican website GCatholic org Apostolic Penitentiary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Apostolic Penitentiary amp oldid 1149535133, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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