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Russian Orthodox Army

January 01, 1970

The Russian Orthodox Army, ROA (Russian: Русская православная армия, Russkaya pravoslavnaya armiya) was a Russian separatist paramilitary group in Ukraine that has been fighting Ukrainian forces in the Donbas war. It was founded in 2014.[2] The ROA was later absorbed into the Oplot Fifth Separate Infantry Brigade.[1]

Russian Orthodox Army
(Русская православная армия)
Patch of the Russian Orthodox Army
LeaderPavel Gubarev
Dates of operation2014[1]
HeadquartersDonetsk, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine
Active regionsDonbas, Ukraine
Ideology
[7]
Size4,000[4]
Part of Donbas People's Militia
Allies
Opponents
Battles and warsRusso-Ukrainian War
Flag
Website

Background edit

The Russian Orthodox Army was one of the number of pro-Russian separatist militia units in the Donbas region described as "pro-Tsarist", "extremist" Eastern Orthodox Christian.[8][9]

Since the onset of insurgency in Ukraine in the early 2014, many central figures in Donetsk have been referred to be directly or indirectly related to Russian National Unity (RNU), most notably Pavel Gubarev, a prominent spokesman with multiple titles (leader of the Donbas militia, governor of the Donetsk People’s Republic, its foreign affairs minister, and the founder of the New Russia Party), who besides stating ROA was organised by RNU under his control also declared himself leader of the RNE section in Donetsk.[10][11][12] Exactly when the RNE affiliates were created in Ukraine has not been possible to establish. Historian Marlène Laruelle states that while there are suspicions of former RNU-leader Barkashov being close to commander Verin, no reliable sources in Ukraine can verify that, and ROA's own Facebook page displayed no direct connection with RNE.[13]

The ROA reportedly had 4,000 members according to Russian journalists, while eyewitnesses estimated their membership to be at 500.[1]

Engagements edit

Notable engagements of the ROA include the June 2014 skirmishes in Mariupol and Amvrosiivka Raion.[14] The headquarters of the ROA is located in an occupied Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) building in Donetsk city.[15] Members had no special training apart from the usual conscription service in the army[16] and swore allegiance to Igor Girkin ("Strelkov"), insurgent and Minister of Defence of the self-declared Donetsk People's Republic, as of January, 2017.

Religious persecution edit

Along with other separatist groups in the region, the ROA has been accused of "kidnapp[ing], beat[ing], and threaten[ing] Protestants, Catholics, and members of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church… as well as participat[ing] in anti-Semitic acts."[5]

In late November 2014, the group gained attention after abducting prominent Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest, Sergeii Kulbaka, and Roman Catholic priest, Father Pawel Witek.[6] According to the Defence Ministry of Ukraine, the ROA has also been in conflict with another pro-Russian militia, the Vostok Battalion, which accused the ROA of looting, and of avoiding combat.[17][18]

Aftermath edit

In September 2014, the ROA changed its format and joined the new Oplot Fifth Separate Infantry Brigade.[1]

Notes edit

  1. ^ See Russian military intervention in Ukraine.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Shcherbachenko, Volodymyr V.; Yanova, Hanna (2017). War without Rules: Gender-Based Violence in the Context of the Armed Conflict in Eastern Ukraine (PDF). NGO Eastern-Ukrainian Centre for Civic Initiatives. ISBN 978-966-929-583-5. (PDF) from the original on 2022-06-06. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
  2. ^ a b "У самопровозглашенной Донецкой республики появилась новая армия — Русская православная (In the self-proclaimed republic of Donetsk, a new army - Russian Orthodox)". InfoResist (in Russian). 10 May 2014. from the original on 11 May 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
  3. ^ Самопроголошеному міністру оборони "ДНР" І. Стрєлкову інкримінується створення терористичної організації та вчинення терактів в Україні [Strelkova, the self-proclaimed minister of defence of the DNR terrorist organization, charged with creating and committing acts of terrorism in Ukraine]. Prosecutor General's Office of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). 21 May 2014. from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
  4. ^ a b "Meet the Russian Orthodox Army, Ukrainian Separatists' Shock Troops". NBC News. 16 May 2014. from the original on 22 July 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
  5. ^ a b c United States Department of State (2015). International Religious Freedom Report for 2014 (Report). humanrights.gov. from the original on 12 June 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  6. ^ a b Liubchenkova, Natalia (20 November 2014). . The Media Project. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  7. ^ Laruelle (p. 206)
  8. ^ Kuzio, Taras (2015). Ukraine: Democratization, Corruption, and the New Russian Imperialism. ABC-CLIO. pp. 110–111. the Russian Orthodox Army, one of a number of separatist units fighting for the "Orthodox faith," revival of the Tsarist Empire, and the Russkii Mir. Igor Girkin (Strelkov [Shooter]), who led the Russian capture of Slovyansk in April 2014, was an example of the Russian nationalists who have sympathies to pro-Tsarist and extremist Orthodox groups in Russia. ... the Russian Imperial Movement ... has recruited thousands of volunteers to fight with the separatists. ... separatists received support from Russian neo-Nazis such as the Russian Party of National Unity who use a modified swastika as their party symbol and Dugin's Eurasianist movement. The paramilitaries of both of these ... are fighting alongside separatists.
  9. ^ Laruelle, M. (2019). Russian Nationalism: Imaginaries, Doctrines, and Political Battlefields. United Kingdom: Routledge. (p. 206)
  10. ^ Laruelle, M. (2019). Russian Nationalism: Imaginaries, Doctrines, and Political Battlefields. United Kingdom: Routledge. (p. 208)
  11. ^ Mitrokhin, Nikolay (2015). "Infiltration, instruction, invasion: Russia's war in the Donbass" (PDF). Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society. 1 (1): 234, note 38. (PDF) from the original on 2016-05-28. Retrieved 2022-03-25. In the Donbass region, the RNE organized the small but highly effective group Russkaia pravoslavnaia armiia (Russian Orthodox army), which was de facto under the control of RNE member Pavel Gubarev, by Gubarev's own account.
  12. ^ Likhachev, Vyacheslav (July 2016). "The Far Right in the Conflict between Russia and Ukraine" (PDF). Russie.NEI.Visions in English. pp. 18–28. (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  13. ^ Laruelle, M. (2018). Russian Nationalism: Imaginaries, Doctrines, and Political Battlefields. Taylor & Francis. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-429-76198-0. Retrieved 2022-04-12.
  14. ^ "В Мариуполе бойцы Ляшко задержали представителя "Русской православной армии" (In Mariupol Ljashko fighters detained by "Russian Orthodox army")". Mariupol News (in Russian). 13 June 2014. from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
  15. ^ "Репортаж из казармы Русской Православной Армии (Reports of Russian Orthodox Army barracks)". Dialog.ua (in Russian). 17 June 2014. from the original on 11 May 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2014.
  16. ^ Baczynska, Gabriela (2 June 2014). "Quoting Old Testament, New Pro-Russia Militia Group Lines Up in Ukraine". Charisma News. from the original on 11 May 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  17. ^ Daryna Krasnolutska; Tony Capaccio; Volodymyr Verbyany (27 July 2014). "Ukraine Army Advances as EU Plans Tougher Putin Sanctions". Bloomberg News. from the original on 11 May 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
  18. ^ Сили АТО знищили снайперів у Лисичанську [ATO forces destroyed snipers in Lysychansk]. Ukrayinska Pravda (in Ukrainian). 26 July 2014. from the original on 24 July 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2015.

January 01, 1970
russian, orthodox, army, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, ukrainian, february, 2019, click, show, important, translation, instructions, machine, translation, like, deepl, google, translate, useful, starting, po. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Ukrainian February 2019 Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Ukrainian Wikipedia article at uk Rosijska pravoslavna armiya see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated uk Rosijska pravoslavna armiya to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The Russian Orthodox Army ROA Russian Russkaya pravoslavnaya armiya Russkaya pravoslavnaya armiya was a Russian separatist paramilitary group in Ukraine that has been fighting Ukrainian forces in the Donbas war It was founded in 2014 2 The ROA was later absorbed into the Oplot Fifth Separate Infantry Brigade 1 Russian Orthodox Army Russkaya pravoslavnaya armiya Patch of the Russian Orthodox ArmyLeaderPavel GubarevDates of operation2014 1 HeadquartersDonetsk Donetsk Oblast UkraineActive regionsDonbas UkraineIdeologyRussian nationalism 2 3 Russian Orthodox extremism 4 Anti Ukrainian sentiment 5 Anti Catholicism 5 6 Anti Protestantism citation needed 7 Size4 000 4 Part ofDonbas People s MilitiaAllies Donetsk People s Republic Luhansk People s Republic Russia note 1 Opponents UkraineBattles and warsRusso Ukrainian WarFlagWebsitehttps web archive org web 20140714131831 http rusarmy su Contents 1 Background 2 Engagements 3 Religious persecution 4 Aftermath 5 Notes 6 ReferencesBackground editThe Russian Orthodox Army was one of the number of pro Russian separatist militia units in the Donbas region described as pro Tsarist extremist Eastern Orthodox Christian 8 9 Since the onset of insurgency in Ukraine in the early 2014 many central figures in Donetsk have been referred to be directly or indirectly related to Russian National Unity RNU most notably Pavel Gubarev a prominent spokesman with multiple titles leader of the Donbas militia governor of the Donetsk People s Republic its foreign affairs minister and the founder of the New Russia Party who besides stating ROA was organised by RNU under his control also declared himself leader of the RNE section in Donetsk 10 11 12 Exactly when the RNE affiliates were created in Ukraine has not been possible to establish Historian Marlene Laruelle states that while there are suspicions of former RNU leader Barkashov being close to commander Verin no reliable sources in Ukraine can verify that and ROA s own Facebook page displayed no direct connection with RNE 13 The ROA reportedly had 4 000 members according to Russian journalists while eyewitnesses estimated their membership to be at 500 1 Engagements editNotable engagements of the ROA include the June 2014 skirmishes in Mariupol and Amvrosiivka Raion 14 The headquarters of the ROA is located in an occupied Security Service of Ukraine SBU building in Donetsk city 15 Members had no special training apart from the usual conscription service in the army 16 and swore allegiance to Igor Girkin Strelkov insurgent and Minister of Defence of the self declared Donetsk People s Republic as of January 2017 Religious persecution editAlong with other separatist groups in the region the ROA has been accused of kidnapp ing beat ing and threaten ing Protestants Catholics and members of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church as well as participat ing in anti Semitic acts 5 In late November 2014 the group gained attention after abducting prominent Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest Sergeii Kulbaka and Roman Catholic priest Father Pawel Witek 6 According to the Defence Ministry of Ukraine the ROA has also been in conflict with another pro Russian militia the Vostok Battalion which accused the ROA of looting and of avoiding combat 17 18 Aftermath editIn September 2014 the ROA changed its format and joined the new Oplot Fifth Separate Infantry Brigade 1 Notes edit See Russian military intervention in Ukraine References edit a b c d Shcherbachenko Volodymyr V Yanova Hanna 2017 War without Rules Gender Based Violence in the Context of the Armed Conflict in Eastern Ukraine PDF NGO Eastern Ukrainian Centre for Civic Initiatives ISBN 978 966 929 583 5 Archived PDF from the original on 2022 06 06 Retrieved 2022 04 09 a b U samoprovozglashennoj Doneckoj respubliki poyavilas novaya armiya Russkaya pravoslavnaya In the self proclaimed republic of Donetsk a new army Russian Orthodox InfoResist in Russian 10 May 2014 Archived from the original on 11 May 2019 Retrieved 13 July 2014 Samoprogoloshenomu ministru oboroni DNR I Stryelkovu inkriminuyetsya stvorennya teroristichnoyi organizaciyi ta vchinennya teraktiv v Ukrayini Strelkova the self proclaimed minister of defence of the DNR terrorist organization charged with creating and committing acts of terrorism in Ukraine Prosecutor General s Office of Ukraine in Ukrainian 21 May 2014 Archived from the original on 19 October 2017 Retrieved 16 June 2014 a b Meet the Russian Orthodox Army Ukrainian Separatists Shock Troops NBC News 16 May 2014 Archived from the original on 22 July 2019 Retrieved 13 July 2014 a b c United States Department of State 2015 International Religious Freedom Report for 2014 Report humanrights gov Archived from the original on 12 June 2019 Retrieved 20 January 2017 a b Liubchenkova Natalia 20 November 2014 Surviving the Russian Orthodox Army The Media Project Archived from the original on 2 February 2017 Retrieved 27 January 2017 Laruelle p 206 Kuzio Taras 2015 Ukraine Democratization Corruption and the New Russian Imperialism ABC CLIO pp 110 111 the Russian Orthodox Army one of a number of separatist units fighting for the Orthodox faith revival of the Tsarist Empire and the Russkii Mir Igor Girkin Strelkov Shooter who led the Russian capture of Slovyansk in April 2014 was an example of the Russian nationalists who have sympathies to pro Tsarist and extremist Orthodox groups in Russia the Russian Imperial Movement has recruited thousands of volunteers to fight with the separatists separatists received support from Russian neo Nazis such as the Russian Party of National Unity who use a modified swastika as their party symbol and Dugin s Eurasianist movement The paramilitaries of both of these are fighting alongside separatists Laruelle M 2019 Russian Nationalism Imaginaries Doctrines and Political Battlefields United Kingdom Routledge p 206 Laruelle M 2019 Russian Nationalism Imaginaries Doctrines and Political Battlefields United Kingdom Routledge p 208 Mitrokhin Nikolay 2015 Infiltration instruction invasion Russia s war in the Donbass PDF Journal of Soviet and Post Soviet Politics and Society 1 1 234 note 38 Archived PDF from the original on 2016 05 28 Retrieved 2022 03 25 In the Donbass region the RNE organized the small but highly effective group Russkaia pravoslavnaia armiia Russian Orthodox army which was de facto under the control of RNE member Pavel Gubarev by Gubarev s own account Likhachev Vyacheslav July 2016 The Far Right in the Conflict between Russia and Ukraine PDF Russie NEI Visions in English pp 18 28 Archived PDF from the original on 13 March 2022 Retrieved 1 March 2022 Laruelle M 2018 Russian Nationalism Imaginaries Doctrines and Political Battlefields Taylor amp Francis p 193 ISBN 978 0 429 76198 0 Retrieved 2022 04 12 V Mariupole bojcy Lyashko zaderzhali predstavitelya Russkoj pravoslavnoj armii In Mariupol Ljashko fighters detained by Russian Orthodox army Mariupol News in Russian 13 June 2014 Archived from the original on 24 July 2018 Retrieved 13 July 2014 Reportazh iz kazarmy Russkoj Pravoslavnoj Armii Reports of Russian Orthodox Army barracks Dialog ua in Russian 17 June 2014 Archived from the original on 11 May 2019 Retrieved 13 July 2014 Baczynska Gabriela 2 June 2014 Quoting Old Testament New Pro Russia Militia Group Lines Up in Ukraine Charisma News Archived from the original on 11 May 2019 Retrieved 21 January 2017 Daryna Krasnolutska Tony Capaccio Volodymyr Verbyany 27 July 2014 Ukraine Army Advances as EU Plans Tougher Putin Sanctions Bloomberg News Archived from the original on 11 May 2019 Retrieved 16 January 2015 Sili ATO znishili snajperiv u Lisichansku ATO forces destroyed snipers in Lysychansk Ukrayinska Pravda in Ukrainian 26 July 2014 Archived from the original on 24 July 2018 Retrieved 16 January 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Russian Orthodox Army amp oldid 1210430563, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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