Ross Bass
Ross Bass (March 17, 1918 – January 1, 1993) was an American Congressman and United States Senator from Tennessee.
Ross Bass | |
|---|---|
Bass in 1965 | |
| United States Senator from Tennessee | |
| In office November 4, 1964 – January 3, 1967 | |
| Preceded by | Herbert S. Walters |
| Succeeded by | Howard Baker |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee's 6th District | |
| In office January 3, 1955 – November 3, 1964 | |
| Preceded by | James Patrick Sutton |
| Succeeded by | William R. Anderson |
| Personal details | |
| Born | March 17, 1918 Giles County, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Died | January 1, 1993 (aged 74) Miami Shores, Florida, U.S. |
| Resting place | Maplewood Cemetery, Pulaski, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Avanell K Bass Judy Bobo Jacqui Colter |
| Alma mater | Martin Methodist College |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | United States Army Air Corps |
| Years of service | 1941-1945 |
| Rank | Captain |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
Background edit
Bass was the son of a circuit-riding Methodist minister in rural Giles County, attended the local public schools, and graduated from Martin Methodist Junior College, Pulaski, Tennessee in 1938.[1]
He joined the United States Army Air Forces and served as a bombardier in Europe during World War II, reaching the rank of captain. After his 1945 discharge Bass opened a flower shop in Pulaski, the county seat. He was named postmaster of Pulaski in 1946, serving until 1954.[1]
Congressional service edit
In 1954, Bass was elected as a Democratic U.S. Congressman from Tennessee's 6th District, which included Pulaski. He was reelected four times. Bass signed onto the 1956 anti-desegregation Southern Manifesto,[2] but was the only Democratic Representative from the rural South to vote for the Civil Rights Act of 1964.[3] The only other Southern Representatives to vote for the bill were from large cities—Richard Fulton from Nashville, Tennessee, Charles Weltner from Atlanta, Georgia, Claude Pepper from Miami, Florida and four Representatives from Texas (Jack Brooks, Henry B. Gonzalez, J. J. Pickle and Albert Thomas). Bass also voted in favor of the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1962.[4]
In 1963, Senator Estes Kefauver died in office. Governor Frank G. Clement made no secret that he wanted to run in the special election due in 1964 for the final two years of Kefauver's term. To that end, he appointed one of his cabinet members, Herbert S. Walters, to serve as a caretaker until the special election. However, Clement's plan backfired when Bass defeated him in the Democratic primary held in August.
In November, Bass defeated the Republican nominee, Howard Baker by only 4.7 percentage points—the closest that a Republican had come to winning election to the Senate from Tennessee at the time.[5] Since the election was for an unexpired term, and in the Senate seniority is a very important consideration when being considered for committee assignments, office assignments, and the like, Bass was sworn in as soon as the election results could be certified in order to give him a slight seniority advantage over other freshmen Senators elected in 1964. Bass became Tennessee's junior Senator (the senior Senator at that time being Albert Gore, Sr.) and prepared to run for a full term in 1966. Bass voted in favor of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.[6]
However, this race proved problematic for Bass. Clement still desired the seat for himself, especially since he could not run for reelection as governor in 1966 (in those days, Tennessee governors were barred from immediately succeeding themselves). He wanted to avoid being forced out of politics, as he had once before when faced with term limits the first time in 1958. Due to a large Republican crossover vote, Bass lost the August 1966 Democratic primary to Clement, even though he received 10% more votes than in the previous election. Clement went on to lose resoundingly to Baker in the general election.
Later political career edit
Bass subsequently made two attempts to re-enter politics. He ran for the 1974 Democratic nomination for governor, but finished fifth in a nine-candidate field—well behind the eventual winner, Ray Blanton.[7]
In 1976 he entered the Democratic primary for his former House seat and won the nomination. The district, however, had been significantly redrawn since his previous service. Bass found himself running in a large amount of territory that he did not know and that did not know him. Much of this area was located in suburban territory near Memphis and Nashville that had turned heavily Republican, at least at the national level. Bass lost badly — by almost 29 points — to the incumbent Republican representative, Robin Beard.[8]
Personal life edit
His first marriage to Avanell K Bass ended in divorce in 1967. He married Judy Bobo, of Nashville, in 1975; they divorced in 1979. In 1992 he married Jacqui Colter, who outlived him. After his divorce in 1979, he moved to Florida, where he lived in Miami Shores until his death from lung cancer in 1993, aged 74.[citation needed] His first cousin is actor Dewey Martin.
References edit
- ^ a b "Ross Bass, Ex-Senator; Tennessean Was 75", New York Times, January 2, 1993.
- ^ "Southern Congressmen Present Segregation Manifesto". CQ Almanac. 1956. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
- ^ "H.R. 7152. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964. ADOPTION OF A RESOLUTION (H. RES. 789) PROVIDING FOR HOUSE APPROVAL OF THE BILL AS AMENDED BY THE SENATE".
- ^ "S.J. RES. 29. CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT TO BAN THE USE OF POLL TAX AS A REQUIREMENT FOR VOTING IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS". GovTrack.us.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - TN US Senate Special Race - Nov 03, 1964".
- ^ "TO AGREE TO THE CONFERENCE REPORT ON S. 1564, THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965".
- ^ Langsdon, Philip. Tennessee: A Political History Franklin, Tenn.: Hillsboro Press, 2000; pp. 375-387.
- ^ Hill, Ray. "The Last Hurrah of Ross Bass". Knoxville Focus September 10, 2017
External links edit
- United States Congress. "Ross Bass (id: B000223)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- Ross Bass at Find a Grave