Robert de Todeni

Robert de Todeni was a Norman nobleman who held lands in England after the Norman Conquest.

Background

Robert held lands in Guerny and Vesly in Normandy. The family was a branch of the Tosny family that originated near Eure in Normandy.^{[1] [2]}

Life

In the Domesday Book of 1086, Robert is listed as the lord of Belvoir, Lincolnshire.^[1] This lordship is considered a feudal barony, making Robert the first baron of Belvoir.^[3] Besides the lands around Belvoir, Robert also received lands in Yorkshire^[4] and Leicestershire.^[5] These lands had been held prior to the Conquest by Thorgautr Lagr and others. Robert's son Berengar was given Thorgautr's lands in Oxfordshire and Nottinghamshire, which he may have held from his father.^[4] Robert also had lands in Northamptonshire, located south of Rockingham. Three of these manors were previously owned by Oswulf, probably Oswulf son of Fran.^[5]

Robert may have been the first castellan of Rockingham Castle.^[5]

Robert and his wife founded Belvoir Priory,^[1] sometime between 1076 and 1088 as a priory of St Albans Abbey.^[6] The choice to make Belvoir a dependent priory of St Albans may have been because Oswulf, previous owner of some of his lands, had also given lands to St Albans.^[7]

Death and legacy

Robert married Adelais. They had three sons – Berengar, William, and Geoffrey – as well as Albreda, Adelisa, and Agnes. Berengar inherited the Norman lands and William inherited the English lands. All three sons died without offspring, leaving their sisters as the eventual heiresses. Albreda was the eldest daughter and married Robert de Insula and died before 1129 without issue.^[1] Adelisa married Roger Bigod,^[8] and died after August 1127.^[3] Agnes, the youngest daughter, married first Ralph de Beaufour and second Hubert de Ryes. Belvoir eventually went to Cecilia Bigod, the youngest daughter of Adelisa and Roger and the Norman lands going to Hugh Bigod, son of Adelisa and Roger.^[1] Agnes is not recorded as having inherited any of lands connected with the barony of Belvoir.^[3] The historian Judith Green speculates that because Berengar did not inherit any of the English lands, he may have been the son of an earlier marriage of Robert's.^[9]

Robert died around 1093,^[1] although some older sources give a date of 1088.^[3] He was buried at Belvoir Priory,^[10] according to the priory's own history.^[11]

Citations

1. Keats-Rohan Domesday People pp. 380–381
2. Loyd Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families p. 104
3. Sanders English Baronies p. 12
4. Fleming Kings & Lords p. 167 and footnote120
5. Green Aristocracy of Norman England pp. 86–87
6. Knowles, et al. Heads of Religious Houses p. 85
7. Green Aristocracy of Norman England p. 397
8. Keats-Roham Domesday People pp. 396–398
9. Green Aristocracy of Norman England pp. 374–375 footnote 63
10. Fleming Kings & Lords pp. 172–173
11. Green Aristocracy of Norman England p. 425

References

• Fleming, Robin (2004). Kings & Lords in Conquest England (Reprint ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-52694-9.
• Green, Judith A. (1997). The Aristocracy of Norman England. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-52465-2.
• Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. (1999). Domesday People: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents, 1066–1166: Domesday Book. Ipswich, UK: Boydell Press. ISBN 0-85115-722-X.
• Knowles, David; London, Vera C. M.; Brooke, Christopher (2001). The Heads of Religious Houses, England and Wales, 940–1216 (Second ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-80452-3.
• Loyd, Lewis Christopher (1975) [1951]. The Origins of Some Anglo-Norman Families (Reprint ed.). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Company. ISBN 0-8063-0649-1.
• Sanders, I. J. (1960). English Baronies: A Study of Their Origin and Descent 1086–1327. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. OCLC 931660.

External links

• Robert of Tosny's holdings in Open Domesday Project