This article is about the city in Ecuador. For the New York City nightclub, see Riobamba (nightclub).
Riobamba (Spanish pronunciation:[rjoˈβamba], full name San Pedro de Riobamba; Quechua: Rispampa) is the capital of Chimborazo Province in central Ecuador, and is located in the Chambo River Valley of the Andes.[2] It is located 200 km (120 mi) south of Ecuador's capital Quito and situated at an elevation of 2,754 m.
From top, left to right: Panoramic view of the city, monument to Pedro Vicente Maldonado, sculpture of Neptune, Primera Constituyente Street, Catedral de San Pedro, monument to Edmundo Chiriboga, Maldonado High School, Riobamba railway station, Chimborazo volcano and Monumental Raúl Dávalos bullring.
The city is an important regional transport center and a stop on the Pan-American Highway, which runs through Ecuador. Riobamba is one of the largest cities in the central portion of Ecuador's Sierra region.
Riobamba takes its name from a combination of rio, the Spanish word for "river", and rispampa, the Quechua word for "plain."
Historyedit
The region surrounding Riobamba was inhabited by the Puruhá nation before the advance of the Inca Empire during the late 15th century. The Puruha fiercely resisted the Inca efforts to conquer the north of today's Ecuador. The Inca Huayna Capac had to make an alliance in order to pacify the tribes who sided with Condorazo, the general of the Puruha nation.
He allied with the Schyris confederation, also known as the Caran-Quitu people, believed to have developed the Kingdom of Quito in the northern Andes. The 18th-century Jesuit historian Juan de Velasco described this confederation as a group of tribes ruled by the Duchicela dynasty. Huayna Capac took the princess Paccha as his wife and gave special treatment and social status privileges to the higher castes of these new subjects. The son of this alliance was Atahualpa, who served as the last king of the Inca.
Following the Spanish invasion and conquest of the Inca and their allies, Riobamba was founded on 15 August 1534 in the San Miguel plains by Diego de Almagro. It is considered the first city to be established in what is modern-day Ecuador.[3]: 341 In 1563, the city became part of the Spanish Empire's newly formed Royal Audience of Quito.
Although the city was completely destroyed by an earthquake in 1797, it was rebuilt a few years later 14 km (8.7 mi) from its original location. The second site was near a village named Cajabamba on the plains of San Antonio de Aguíscate. The city still retains much architecture from the Spanish colonial period. During the Ecuadorian War of Independence, Riobamba first declared independence on November 11, 1820, but was soon retaken by Crown forces. In 1822 the city became part of Gran Colombia, which gained independence from Spain that year. In 1830 the Republic of Ecuador established its own independence as a nation.
20th century to presentedit
The Monumental Raúl Dávalos, a 13,000-person capacity bullring, opened here in 1952. In 2011 the nation voted by referendum to prohibit matadors killing the bulls in such corridas, a policy also followed by Portugal. This has resulted in a dramatic decline in related tourism, with a substantial loss in revenues, especially in Quito.[4]
On 20 November 2002, seven people were killed and hundreds wounded from a series of explosions at the munitions depot at the Galapagos Brigade arsenal in Riobamba. Such was the force of the explosion that many residents said they first thought there had been an earthquake or volcanic eruption. Windows were blown out more than 1.5 kilometres from the arsenal, and many of the injured suffered lacerations from flying shards of glass.[5]
According to Colonel Arturo Cadena, a military spokesman in Quito, the initial explosion occurred during maintenance work inside the dump. In April 2003, the army published its final investigatory report of the explosion. It concluded that the Santa Barbara munitions factory was directly responsible for the explosion, which the army classified as an accident.[citation needed]
Geographyedit
Riobamba is located in the center of the country in the sierra region, in close proximity to the Chimborazo volcano. Like many cities in Ecuador, Riobamba has a near constant temperature year-round, with a wet and dry season. Its altitude (2754 m) and closeness to Chimborazo give the city a cool climate year-round, with temperatures averaging between 23 °C and 14 °C.
The economy of the city is based on the agricultural production of the surrounding local populations. Riobamba is also an important trade center of cattle-ranching. The city has an open-air market where indigenous artisans display and sell their wares. They make products such as handwoven textiles, handicrafts, leather goods, beer, and dairy products.
Universities include Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo which is the best in the city, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, and Instituto Tecnologico superior Isabel de Godin.
Cityscapeedit
Riobamba is a mid-level city in Ecuador, and the tenth largest in terms of population. It is the urban center of the Riobamba canton. Its historic center that has a number of well-preserved churches.
Festivalsedit
The main celebration in Riobamba is Fiesta del Niño Rey de Reyes, which starts in December and ends on January 6, Epiphany. Another celebration is Riobamba's Independence Day on 21 April.[6]
This museum has a gem-encrusted gold monstrance. The art included in this religious collection is from the 18th century.[7]
Museum Córdoba Román
The Cordoba Roman family established a private collection consisting of ancient art, archaeological pieces, documents, and other possessions. They donated it to Riobamba municipality as the basis of a city museum.
Armas
It exhibits a wide selection of arms and uniforms. It also has religious materials from various epochs of Ecuador's history. It is located on Ave. Héroes de Tapi.
Casa de Bolívar
Antropológico del Banco Central
Museum y Centro Cultural Riobamba del Banco Central
Museum "Paquita Jaramillo"
Museum "Cultural Fernando Daquilema"
Museum Didáctico de Ciencias Naturales, at Pedro Vicente Maldonado high school
A scenic train ride (Nariz Del Diablo) leaves Riobamba three times a week, passing the Devil's Nose and Alausí round trip, with zig-zags. Before 2009 passengers were permitted to sit on the roof, but this practice has been prohibited for safety reasons.[9]
Notable peopleedit
Pedro Vicente Maldonado (1704–1748) – scientist, astronomer, mathematician, topographer, geographer
“ Riobamba, la bella, grande y noble, ha sido y es gloria y fortuna, para quienes nacieron en ella. “ - Luis A Costales
Referencesedit
^Citypopulation.de Population and area of Riobamba
^"Riobamba, Ecuador – Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin". www.galenfrysinger.com.
^Leon, P., 1998, The Discovery and Conquest of Peru, Chronicles of the New World Encounter, edited and translated by Cook and Cook, Durham: Duke University Press, ISBN9780822321460
^Agencia EFE (19 August 2017). "Quito banned matadors from killing bulls, loses millions of dollars a year". Retrieved 8 July 2020.
^"Blast at Ecuador Munitions Dump Kills 8 - New York Times". google.com. Archived from the original on 23 July 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
^"Riobamba - Ecuador". Archived from the original on 2012-05-30. Retrieved 2007-03-24.
^"Riobamba - Ecuador". Archived from the original on 2012-05-30. Retrieved 2007-03-24.
^"Riobamba - Ecuador". Archived from the original on 2012-05-30. Retrieved 2007-03-24.
^"Alausi & The Devil´s Nose /Treasure of Galapagos First-Class Catamaran". 31 July 2014.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Riobamba.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Riobamba.
Official website of the municipality Gadm Riobamba (In Spanish)
riobamba, this, article, about, city, ecuador, york, city, nightclub, nightclub, spanish, pronunciation, rjoˈβamba, full, name, pedro, quechua, rispampa, capital, chimborazo, province, central, ecuador, located, chambo, river, valley, andes, located, south, ec. This article is about the city in Ecuador For the New York City nightclub see Riobamba nightclub Riobamba Spanish pronunciation rjoˈbamba full name San Pedro de Riobamba Quechua Rispampa is the capital of Chimborazo Province in central Ecuador and is located in the Chambo River Valley of the Andes 2 It is located 200 km 120 mi south of Ecuador s capital Quito and situated at an elevation of 2 754 m RiobambaCitySan Pedro de RiobambaFrom top left to right Panoramic view of the city monument to Pedro Vicente Maldonado sculpture of Neptune Primera Constituyente Street Catedral de San Pedro monument to Edmundo Chiriboga Maldonado High School Riobamba railway station Chimborazo volcano and Monumental Raul Davalos bullring FlagCoat of armsRiobambaLocation in EcuadorCoordinates 01 40 23 S 78 38 54 W 1 67306 S 78 64833 W 1 67306 78 64833CountryEcuadorProvinceChimborazo ProvinceCantonRiobamba CantonFoundedAugust 15 1534Relocation1799Founded byDiego de AlmagroParishesUrban Parishes LizarzaburuMaldonadoVelascoVelozYaruquiesGovernment MayorJohn VinuezaArea City32 93 km2 12 71 sq mi Elevation2 754 m 9 035 ft Population 2022 census 1 City177 213 Density5 400 km2 14 000 sq mi Time zoneUTC 5 ECT Websitewww wbr gadmriobamba wbr gob wbr ec in Spanish The city is an important regional transport center and a stop on the Pan American Highway which runs through Ecuador Riobamba is one of the largest cities in the central portion of Ecuador s Sierra region Contents 1 Name 2 History 2 1 20th century to present 3 Geography 4 Economy 5 Education 6 Cityscape 6 1 Festivals 6 2 Museums 6 3 Sports 6 4 Sightseeing 7 Notable people 8 Gallery 9 References 10 External linksName editRiobamba takes its name from a combination of rio the Spanish word for river and rispampa the Quechua word for plain History editThe region surrounding Riobamba was inhabited by the Puruha nation before the advance of the Inca Empire during the late 15th century The Puruha fiercely resisted the Inca efforts to conquer the north of today s Ecuador The Inca Huayna Capac had to make an alliance in order to pacify the tribes who sided with Condorazo the general of the Puruha nation He allied with the Schyris confederation also known as the Caran Quitu people believed to have developed the Kingdom of Quito in the northern Andes The 18th century Jesuit historian Juan de Velasco described this confederation as a group of tribes ruled by the Duchicela dynasty Huayna Capac took the princess Paccha as his wife and gave special treatment and social status privileges to the higher castes of these new subjects The son of this alliance was Atahualpa who served as the last king of the Inca Following the Spanish invasion and conquest of the Inca and their allies Riobamba was founded on 15 August 1534 in the San Miguel plains by Diego de Almagro It is considered the first city to be established in what is modern day Ecuador 3 341 In 1563 the city became part of the Spanish Empire s newly formed Royal Audience of Quito Although the city was completely destroyed by an earthquake in 1797 it was rebuilt a few years later 14 km 8 7 mi from its original location The second site was near a village named Cajabamba on the plains of San Antonio de Aguiscate The city still retains much architecture from the Spanish colonial period During the Ecuadorian War of Independence Riobamba first declared independence on November 11 1820 but was soon retaken by Crown forces In 1822 the city became part of Gran Colombia which gained independence from Spain that year In 1830 the Republic of Ecuador established its own independence as a nation 20th century to present edit The Monumental Raul Davalos a 13 000 person capacity bullring opened here in 1952 In 2011 the nation voted by referendum to prohibit matadors killing the bulls in such corridas a policy also followed by Portugal This has resulted in a dramatic decline in related tourism with a substantial loss in revenues especially in Quito 4 On 20 November 2002 seven people were killed and hundreds wounded from a series of explosions at the munitions depot at the Galapagos Brigade arsenal in Riobamba Such was the force of the explosion that many residents said they first thought there had been an earthquake or volcanic eruption Windows were blown out more than 1 5 kilometres from the arsenal and many of the injured suffered lacerations from flying shards of glass 5 According to Colonel Arturo Cadena a military spokesman in Quito the initial explosion occurred during maintenance work inside the dump In April 2003 the army published its final investigatory report of the explosion It concluded that the Santa Barbara munitions factory was directly responsible for the explosion which the army classified as an accident citation needed Geography editRiobamba is located in the center of the country in the sierra region in close proximity to the Chimborazo volcano Like many cities in Ecuador Riobamba has a near constant temperature year round with a wet and dry season Its altitude 2754 m and closeness to Chimborazo give the city a cool climate year round with temperatures averaging between 23 C and 14 C Economy editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed January 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message The economy of the city is based on the agricultural production of the surrounding local populations Riobamba is also an important trade center of cattle ranching The city has an open air market where indigenous artisans display and sell their wares They make products such as handwoven textiles handicrafts leather goods beer and dairy products Education editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed January 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Universities include Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo Escuela Superior Politecnica de Chimborazo which is the best in the city Universidad Politecnica Salesiana Universidad San Francisco de Quito and Instituto Tecnologico superior Isabel de Godin Cityscape editRiobamba is a mid level city in Ecuador and the tenth largest in terms of population It is the urban center of the Riobamba canton Its historic center that has a number of well preserved churches Festivals edit The main celebration in Riobamba is Fiesta del Nino Rey de Reyes which starts in December and ends on January 6 Epiphany Another celebration is Riobamba s Independence Day on 21 April 6 nbsp Sculpture wood of Saint Anthony of Padua 17th century Museum of the Concepcion Museums edit Arte Religioso de la ConcepcionThis museum has a gem encrusted gold monstrance The art included in this religious collection is from the 18th century 7 Museum Cordoba RomanThe Cordoba Roman family established a private collection consisting of ancient art archaeological pieces documents and other possessions They donated it to Riobamba municipality as the basis of a city museum ArmasIt exhibits a wide selection of arms and uniforms It also has religious materials from various epochs of Ecuador s history It is located on Ave Heroes de Tapi Casa de Bolivar Antropologico del Banco Central Museum y Centro Cultural Riobamba del Banco Central Museum Paquita Jaramillo Museum Cultural Fernando Daquilema Museum Didactico de Ciencias Naturales at Pedro Vicente Maldonado high schoolSports edit Riobamba is the home city of one top level football club Centro Deportivo Olmedo Cockfights are usually seen during Riobamba s festivities and on weekends at the Gallera San Francisco 8 Riobamba is the trekking and mountain climbing capital of Ecuador It is the base city for climbs of Carihuairazo Chimborazo Sangay El Altar and the Lost Pyramid of Punay Mountain biking is another common sport Sightseeing edit A scenic train ride Nariz Del Diablo leaves Riobamba three times a week passing the Devil s Nose and Alausi round trip with zig zags Before 2009 passengers were permitted to sit on the roof but this practice has been prohibited for safety reasons 9 Notable people editPedro Vicente Maldonado 1704 1748 scientist astronomer mathematician topographer geographer Magdalena Davalos y Maldonado 1725 1806 scholar and literary figure painter musician Juan de Velasco 1727 1792 Jesuit priest historian professor poet writer Luz Elisa Borja Martinez 1903 1927 poet pianist painter and sculptor Luis A Costales 1926 2006 poet philosopher speaker historian and politician Maria Murgueytio 1927 2016 first woman in Ecuador to hold a mayoral office Pacifico Chiriboga 1810 1886 early Ecuadorean politician Bolivar Echeverria 1941 2010 philosopher economist cultural critic Euler Granda 1935 2018 poet writer psychiatrist Oswaldo Moncayo 1923 1984 painter Oswaldo Munoz Marino 1923 2016 architect painterGallery edit nbsp Cathedral nbsp Iglesia de la Concepcion nbsp Loma de Quito s Church nbsp The Chimborazo volcano nbsp Neptuno nbsp Los Altares nbsp Maldonado s Park nbsp Luis Costales monument nbsp nbsp Riobamba la bella grande y noble ha sido y es gloria y fortuna para quienes nacieron en ella Luis A CostalesReferences edit Citypopulation de Population and area of Riobamba Riobamba Ecuador Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger Sheboygan Wisconsin www galenfrysinger com Leon P 1998 The Discovery and Conquest of Peru Chronicles of the New World Encounter edited and translated by Cook and Cook Durham Duke University Press ISBN 9780822321460 Agencia EFE 19 August 2017 Quito banned matadors from killing bulls loses millions of dollars a year Retrieved 8 July 2020 Blast at Ecuador Munitions Dump Kills 8 New York Times google com Archived from the original on 23 July 2012 Retrieved 3 February 2022 Riobamba Ecuador Archived from the original on 2012 05 30 Retrieved 2007 03 24 Riobamba Ecuador Archived from the original on 2012 05 30 Retrieved 2007 03 24 Riobamba Ecuador Archived from the original on 2012 05 30 Retrieved 2007 03 24 Alausi amp The Devil s Nose Treasure of Galapagos First Class Catamaran 31 July 2014 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Riobamba nbsp Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Riobamba Official website of the municipality Gadm Riobamba In Spanish Riobamba area map Riobamba City Guide Portal nbsp Ecuador Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Riobamba amp oldid 1213407203, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
