René Marcelin (12 June 1885 – 24 September 1914) was a French physical chemist, who died in World War I at a young age. He was a pupil of Jean Baptiste Perrin at the Faculty of Sciences in Paris and performed theoretical studies in the field of chemical kinetics.[1][2]
René Marcelin developed the first theoretical treatment of the rate of chemical reactions that goes beyond a simple empirical description. He showed that the expression of the rate constant given by the Arrhenius equation had to be composed of two terms. In addition to the activation energy term, he considered that there had to be an activation entropy term. In 1910, Rene Marcelin introduced the concept of standard Gibbs energy of activation. In 1912, he treated the progress of a chemical reaction as a motion of a point in phase space. Using Gibbs' statistical-mechanical methods, he obtained an expression similar to the one which he had obtained earlier from thermodynamic consideration. In 1913, René Marcelin was also the first to use the term potential energy surface.[3][4] He theorized that the progress of a chemical reaction could be described as a point in a potential energy surface with coordinates in atomic momenta and distances.
In his PhD thesis,[5] which he defended in 1914, he developed a general theory on absolute reaction rates, in which he used concepts of both thermodynamic[6] and kinetic[7] origin, describing the activation dependent phenomena as the movement of representative points in space.[8] His 1915 publication,[9] published shortly after his death, describes a chemical reaction between N atomic species in a 2N-dimensional phase space, using statistical mechanics to formally obtain the pre-exponential factor before the exponential term containing the Gibbs free energy of activation. The foundations of his theoretical treatment were correct, but René Marcelin was not able to evaluate the remaining integrals in his expressions, as the solution of these equations was not achievable at that time.
René Marcellin also developed the dividing surface approach to study rates of transport in Hamiltonian systems. These results were published after his death by his brother André in 1918.[10]
References
^Karol J. Mysels, René Marcelin: Experimenter and surface scientist. Journal of Chemical Education (1986) 63, 740, doi:10.1021/ed063p740
^Keith J. Laidler, René Marcelin (1885-1914), a short-lived genius of chemical kinetics. Journal of Chemical Education (1985) 62, 1012-1014, doi:10.1021/ed062p1012
^René Marcelin, Journal of Chim. Phys. (1913) 10, 1913
^Computational Chemistry: Introduction to the Theory and Applications of Molecular and Quantum Mechanics Errol G. Lewars, 2nd ed. (Springer 2011) p.21 ISBN978-9048138616
^René Marcelin, Contribution a l'étude de la cinétique physico-chimique (1914) Gauthier-Villars, Paris
^René Marcelin, Expression des vitesses de transformation des systèmes physico-chimiques en fonction de l'affinité. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires de l'Académie des Sciences (1914) 158, 116
^René Marcelin, Influence de la température sur les vitesses de transformation des systèmes physico-chimiques, Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires de l'Académie des Sciences (1914) 158, 407
^Mary Jo Nye. From chemical philosophy to theoretical chemistry: dynamics of matter and dynamics of disciplines. 1800-1950. University California Press. California, 1993.
^René Marcelin, Contribution a l'étude de la cinétique physico-chimique. Annales de physique (1915) 3, 120-231
^Keith J. Laidler, The World of Physical Chemistry. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993. ISBN0-19-855597-0
January 16, 2023
rené, marcelin, june, 1885, september, 1914, french, physical, chemist, died, world, young, pupil, jean, baptiste, perrin, faculty, sciences, paris, performed, theoretical, studies, field, chemical, kinetics, born, 1885, june, 1885gagny, seine, oise, francedie. Rene Marcelin 12 June 1885 24 September 1914 was a French physical chemist who died in World War I at a young age He was a pupil of Jean Baptiste Perrin at the Faculty of Sciences in Paris and performed theoretical studies in the field of chemical kinetics 1 2 Rene MarcelinBorn 1885 06 12 12 June 1885Gagny Seine et Oise FranceDied24 September 1914 1914 09 24 aged 29 Beaumont en Verdunois FranceCause of deathKilled in actionNationalityFranceAlma materUniversity of ParisScientific careerFieldsPhysicsWork EditRene Marcelin developed the first theoretical treatment of the rate of chemical reactions that goes beyond a simple empirical description He showed that the expression of the rate constant given by the Arrhenius equation had to be composed of two terms In addition to the activation energy term he considered that there had to be an activation entropy term In 1910 Rene Marcelin introduced the concept of standard Gibbs energy of activation In 1912 he treated the progress of a chemical reaction as a motion of a point in phase space Using Gibbs statistical mechanical methods he obtained an expression similar to the one which he had obtained earlier from thermodynamic consideration In 1913 Rene Marcelin was also the first to use the term potential energy surface 3 4 He theorized that the progress of a chemical reaction could be described as a point in a potential energy surface with coordinates in atomic momenta and distances In his PhD thesis 5 which he defended in 1914 he developed a general theory on absolute reaction rates in which he used concepts of both thermodynamic 6 and kinetic 7 origin describing the activation dependent phenomena as the movement of representative points in space 8 His 1915 publication 9 published shortly after his death describes a chemical reaction between N atomic species in a 2N dimensional phase space using statistical mechanics to formally obtain the pre exponential factor before the exponential term containing the Gibbs free energy of activation The foundations of his theoretical treatment were correct but Rene Marcelin was not able to evaluate the remaining integrals in his expressions as the solution of these equations was not achievable at that time Rene Marcellin also developed the dividing surface approach to study rates of transport in Hamiltonian systems These results were published after his death by his brother Andre in 1918 10 References Edit Karol J Mysels Rene Marcelin Experimenter and surface scientist Journal of Chemical Education 1986 63 740 doi 10 1021 ed063p740 Keith J Laidler Rene Marcelin 1885 1914 a short lived genius of chemical kinetics Journal of Chemical Education 1985 62 1012 1014 doi 10 1021 ed062p1012 Rene Marcelin Journal of Chim Phys 1913 10 1913 Computational Chemistry Introduction to the Theory and Applications of Molecular and Quantum Mechanics Errol G Lewars 2nd ed Springer 2011 p 21 ISBN 978 9048138616 Rene Marcelin Contribution a l etude de la cinetique physico chimique 1914 Gauthier Villars Paris Rene Marcelin Expression des vitesses de transformation des systemes physico chimiques en fonction de l affinite Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires de l Academie des Sciences 1914 158 116 Rene Marcelin Influence de la temperature sur les vitesses de transformation des systemes physico chimiques Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires de l Academie des Sciences 1914 158 407 Mary Jo Nye From chemical philosophy to theoretical chemistry dynamics of matter and dynamics of disciplines 1800 1950 University California Press California 1993 Rene Marcelin Contribution a l etude de la cinetique physico chimique Annales de physique 1915 3 120 231 Keith J Laidler The World of Physical Chemistry Oxford University Press Oxford 1993 ISBN 0 19 855597 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rene Marcelin amp oldid 994282788, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
