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Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung

December 18, 2023

The Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung or RAK (also known as Regeln der alphabetischen Katalogisierung, translating as: Rules for alphabetical cataloging) are a bibliographic cataloging set of rules. The RAK rules appeared for the first time in 1976 and became the dominant set of rules in Germany and Austria in the 1980s.

The theoretical model on which the RAK rules were based on are the "Paris Principles" (PP), drawn up in 1961 at a conference of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). The International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD), which has existed since 1971, formed the further basis for the RAK.

Like their counterpart from the English-speaking world, the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules (AACR), the RAK rules are very complex and, despite their suitability for creating electronic library catalogs, they are still strongly oriented towards card catalogs. Forms of headings in the original language of the medium to be cataloged and a priority of purely formal decision-making criteria, for example when a corporation is chosen as the main entry, are characteristic for RAK.

Since 2015, the RAK is being replaced by the international Resource Description and Access (RDA) set of rules.

History edit

The first edition of the RAK appeared in 1976 in the German Democratic Republic (GDR/DDR) and a year later in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG/BRD). They formed the long-awaited replacement of the outdated Preußische Instruktionen (PI) (English: Prussian instructions), introduced in 1899 and expanded by DIN 1505 in 1932.[1]

The development of a fundamentally renewed revision called RAK2 was discontinued in the course of the discussion about switching to AACR2. The successor to AACR2 is the Resource Description and Access (RDA) set of rules.

The RAK family of rules edit

Originally there was only one uniform RAK edition with alternative regulations for different requirements or library types. Due to the different requirements, the alternative regulations were recorded in different sets of rules for scientific libraries (RAK-WB) and public libraries (RAK-ÖB), and further regulation works for special types of media were developed:

  • The Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken (RAK-WB) (English: Rules for Alphabetical Cataloging in Scientific Libraries) apply to scientific libraries and were published in 1983. The second edition from 1994 was updated in 1995, 1996, 1998 and 2002 through add-on deliveries. The current version dates from 2006 and will no longer be updated in view of the imminent replacement of the RAK by RDA.[2] From 1993, the RAK-WB appeared as loose-leaf edition.
  • The Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung in öffentlichen Bibliotheken (RAK-ÖB) (English: Rules for Alphabetical Cataloging in Public Libraries) are used in public libraries.
  • Various special regulations have been drawn up for certain forms of media:
    • The Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung von Ausgaben musikalischer Werke (RAK-Musik) (English: Rules for the alphabetical cataloging of editions of musical works) in a revised edition from 2003 apply to music (printed music, music sound carriers, etc.).[3]
    • For media which are not books (images, sound media, microforms, etc.), the Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung von Nichtbuchmaterialien (RAK-NBM) (English: Rules for the alphabetical cataloging of non-book materials) apply.[4] The last update of the loose-leaf edition took place in 2006.
    • RAK-Karten (English: RAK maps), published in 1987, are used for cartographic materials (maps, aerial photographs, plans, etc.).

DIN standards edit

The formal cataloging rules are specified in DIN 1505:

  • DIN 1505-1: Titelangaben von Dokumenten: Titelaufnahme von Schrifttum (in German). Deutsches Institut für Normung. May 1984. — withdrawn in 2007 without replacement
  • DIN 1505-2: Titelangaben von Dokumenten: Zitierregeln (in German). Deutsches Institut für Normung. January 1984. — replaced 2013 by ISO 690
  • DIN 1505-3: Titelangaben von Dokumenten: Verzeichnisse zitierter Dokumente (Literaturverzeichnisse) (in German). Deutsches Institut für Normung. December 1995.
  • DIN V 1505-4: Titelangaben von Dokumenten: Titelaufnahme von audio-visuellen Materialien (Vornorm) (in German). Deutsches Institut für Normung. June 1998. — withdrawn without replacement

References edit

  1. ^ Strauch, Dietmar [in German]; Rehm, Margarete (2007). Lexikon Buch, Bibliothek, neue Medien (in German) (2 ed.). Munich, Germany: K. G. Saur Verlag. p. 357. ISBN 978-3-598-11757-2.
  2. ^ Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken. RAK-WB [Rules for alphabetical cataloging in academic libraries. RAK-WB] (in German) (2 ed.). Arbeitsstelle für Standardisierung (AfS), Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. 2007. ISBN 978-3-933641-88-5.
  3. ^ Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung von Ausgaben musikalischer Werke. RAK-Musik [Rules for the alphabetical cataloging of editions of musical works. RAK-Musik] (in German) (revised ed.). Arbeitsstelle für Standardisierung (AfS), Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. 2004. ISBN 3-933641-52-7.
  4. ^ Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung von Nichtbuchmaterialien. RAK-NBM [Rules for the alphabetical cataloging of non-book materials. RAK-NBM] (in German) (updated ed.). Arbeitsstelle für Standardisierung (AfS), Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. 2008.

Further reading edit

  • Popst, Hans; Croissant, Charles R. (2002). "The Development of Descriptive Cataloging in Germany". Historical Aspects of Cataloging and Classification. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly. 35 (1–2): 155–172. doi:10.1300/J104v35n01_10. S2CID 60973950. Retrieved 2021-07-25.
  • Payer, Margarete [at Wikidata] (2002-10-03) [1995-10-04]. "RAK-WB" (Script) (in German). from the original on 2021-07-25. Retrieved 2021-07-25.
  • Hauke, Petra [at Wikidata], ed. (2002). RAK versus AACR. Projekte – Prognosen – Perspektiven. Beiträge zur aktuellen Regelwerkdiskussion (in German). Bad Honnef, Germany: Bock + Herchen. ISBN 3-88347-225-5.
  • Haller, Klaus [in German]; Popst, Hans (2003). Katalogisierung nach den RAK-WB. Eine Einführung in die Regeln für die alphabetische Katalogisierung in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken [Cataloging according to the RAK-WB. An introduction to the rules for alphabetical cataloging in academic libraries.] (in German) (6 ed.). Munich, Germany: K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN 3-598-11626-8.
  • Wiesenmüller, Heidrun [in German] (2005). "AACR und kein Ende? Ein kritischer Rück- und Ausblick auf die Regelwerksdiskussion" (PDF). BuB - Forum Bibliothek und Information [de] - Fachzeitschrift des BIB (in German). Vol. 57, no. 3. Stuttgart, Germany: Berufsverband Information Bibliothek e.V. [de] (BIB). pp. 198–205. ISSN 1869-1137. (PDF) from the original on 2018-11-01. Retrieved 2021-07-29. (12 pages)
  • Schwarz, Helga (2020-04-20). "Die "Aufzucht" eines sozialistischen Bibliothekars misslang - Trotz Restriktionen bibliothekarische Professionalität und gute internationale Zusammenarbeit". Letters. Open Password. Hattingen, Germany: PASSWORD. from the original on 2020-09-26. Retrieved 2021-07-29. (NB. Letter to the editor Willi Bredemeier on review of book "Rote Bibliotheken" by Hans-Peter Müller in Open Password #724 (2020-03-19), #727 (2020-03-26), #731 (2020-03-31).)

External links edit

December 18, 2023
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The Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung or RAK also known as Regeln der alphabetischen Katalogisierung translating as Rules for alphabetical cataloging are a bibliographic cataloging set of rules The RAK rules appeared for the first time in 1976 and became the dominant set of rules in Germany and Austria in the 1980s The theoretical model on which the RAK rules were based on are the Paris Principles PP drawn up in 1961 at a conference of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions IFLA The International Standard Bibliographic Description ISBD which has existed since 1971 formed the further basis for the RAK Like their counterpart from the English speaking world the Anglo American Cataloging Rules AACR the RAK rules are very complex and despite their suitability for creating electronic library catalogs they are still strongly oriented towards card catalogs Forms of headings in the original language of the medium to be cataloged and a priority of purely formal decision making criteria for example when a corporation is chosen as the main entry are characteristic for RAK Since 2015 the RAK is being replaced by the international Resource Description and Access RDA set of rules Contents 1 History 2 The RAK family of rules 3 DIN standards 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksHistory editThe first edition of the RAK appeared in 1976 in the German Democratic Republic GDR DDR and a year later in the Federal Republic of Germany FRG BRD They formed the long awaited replacement of the outdated Preussische Instruktionen PI English Prussian instructions introduced in 1899 and expanded by DIN 1505 in 1932 1 The development of a fundamentally renewed revision called RAK2 was discontinued in the course of the discussion about switching to AACR2 The successor to AACR2 is the Resource Description and Access RDA set of rules The RAK family of rules editOriginally there was only one uniform RAK edition with alternative regulations for different requirements or library types Due to the different requirements the alternative regulations were recorded in different sets of rules for scientific libraries RAK WB and public libraries RAK OB and further regulation works for special types of media were developed The Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken RAK WB English Rules for Alphabetical Cataloging in Scientific Libraries apply to scientific libraries and were published in 1983 The second edition from 1994 was updated in 1995 1996 1998 and 2002 through add on deliveries The current version dates from 2006 and will no longer be updated in view of the imminent replacement of the RAK by RDA 2 From 1993 the RAK WB appeared as loose leaf edition The Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung in offentlichen Bibliotheken RAK OB English Rules for Alphabetical Cataloging in Public Libraries are used in public libraries Various special regulations have been drawn up for certain forms of media The Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung von Ausgaben musikalischer Werke RAK Musik English Rules for the alphabetical cataloging of editions of musical works in a revised edition from 2003 apply to music printed music music sound carriers etc 3 For media which are not books images sound media microforms etc the Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung von Nichtbuchmaterialien RAK NBM English Rules for the alphabetical cataloging of non book materials apply 4 The last update of the loose leaf edition took place in 2006 RAK Karten English RAK maps published in 1987 are used for cartographic materials maps aerial photographs plans etc DIN standards editThe formal cataloging rules are specified in DIN 1505 DIN 1505 1 Titelangaben von Dokumenten Titelaufnahme von Schrifttum in German Deutsches Institut fur Normung May 1984 withdrawn in 2007 without replacement DIN 1505 2 Titelangaben von Dokumenten Zitierregeln in German Deutsches Institut fur Normung January 1984 replaced 2013 by ISO 690 DIN 1505 3 Titelangaben von Dokumenten Verzeichnisse zitierter Dokumente Literaturverzeichnisse in German Deutsches Institut fur Normung December 1995 DIN V 1505 4 Titelangaben von Dokumenten Titelaufnahme von audio visuellen Materialien Vornorm in German Deutsches Institut fur Normung June 1998 withdrawn without replacementReferences edit Strauch Dietmar in German Rehm Margarete 2007 Lexikon Buch Bibliothek neue Medien in German 2 ed Munich Germany K G Saur Verlag p 357 ISBN 978 3 598 11757 2 Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken RAK WB Rules for alphabetical cataloging in academic libraries RAK WB in German 2 ed Arbeitsstelle fur Standardisierung AfS Deutsche Nationalbibliothek 2007 ISBN 978 3 933641 88 5 Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung von Ausgaben musikalischer Werke RAK Musik Rules for the alphabetical cataloging of editions of musical works RAK Musik in German revised ed Arbeitsstelle fur Standardisierung AfS Deutsche Nationalbibliothek 2004 ISBN 3 933641 52 7 Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung von Nichtbuchmaterialien RAK NBM Rules for the alphabetical cataloging of non book materials RAK NBM in German updated ed Arbeitsstelle fur Standardisierung AfS Deutsche Nationalbibliothek 2008 Further reading editPopst Hans Croissant Charles R 2002 The Development of Descriptive Cataloging in Germany Historical Aspects of Cataloging and Classification Cataloging amp Classification Quarterly 35 1 2 155 172 doi 10 1300 J104v35n01 10 S2CID 60973950 Retrieved 2021 07 25 Payer Margarete at Wikidata 2002 10 03 1995 10 04 RAK WB Script in German Archived from the original on 2021 07 25 Retrieved 2021 07 25 Hauke Petra at Wikidata ed 2002 RAK versus AACR Projekte Prognosen Perspektiven Beitrage zur aktuellen Regelwerkdiskussion in German Bad Honnef Germany Bock Herchen ISBN 3 88347 225 5 Haller Klaus in German Popst Hans 2003 Katalogisierung nach den RAK WB Eine Einfuhrung in die Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken Cataloging according to the RAK WB An introduction to the rules for alphabetical cataloging in academic libraries in German 6 ed Munich Germany K G Saur Verlag ISBN 3 598 11626 8 Wiesenmuller Heidrun in German 2005 AACR und kein Ende Ein kritischer Ruck und Ausblick auf die Regelwerksdiskussion PDF BuB Forum Bibliothek und Information de Fachzeitschrift des BIB in German Vol 57 no 3 Stuttgart Germany Berufsverband Information Bibliothek e V de BIB pp 198 205 ISSN 1869 1137 Archived PDF from the original on 2018 11 01 Retrieved 2021 07 29 12 pages Schwarz Helga 2020 04 20 Die Aufzucht eines sozialistischen Bibliothekars misslang Trotz Restriktionen bibliothekarische Professionalitat und gute internationale Zusammenarbeit Letters Open Password Hattingen Germany PASSWORD Archived from the original on 2020 09 26 Retrieved 2021 07 29 NB Letter to the editor Willi Bredemeier on review of book Rote Bibliotheken by Hans Peter Muller in Open Password 724 2020 03 19 727 2020 03 26 731 2020 03 31 External links edithttp d nb info 986402338 34 RAK WB Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Regeln fur die alphabetische Katalogisierung amp oldid 1173762831, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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