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Wikipedia

Hood ornament

January 01, 1970

This article is about decorative hood ornaments. For modern radiator caps and their function, see radiator.

A hood ornament (or bonnet ornament or bonnet mascot in Commonwealth English), also called a motor mascot or car mascot, is a specially crafted model that symbolizes a car company, like a badge, located on the front center portion of the hood. It has been used as an adornment nearly since the inception of automobiles.[2]

Mercedes-Benz
1913 Boyce MotoMeter
1925 Laurin & Klement-Škoda 110
1949 Kaiser Virginian
The Spirit of Ecstasy (kneeling version) on the 1952 Brazilian presidential Rolls-Royce
1967 AMC Marlin[1]
1970s MAN truck
Home-made hood ornament on pick-up truck in Texas

Origin edit

According to the author of A History of Cars written for youth, the first "hood ornament" was a sun-crested falcon (to bring good luck) mounted on the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun's chariot.[3]

In the early years, automobiles had their radiator caps outside the hood and on top of the grille, which also served as an indicator of the temperature of the engine's coolant fluid.[2] The Boyce MotoMeter Company was issued a patent in 1912 for a radiator cap that incorporated a thermometer that was visible to the driver with a sensor that measured the heat of the water vapor, rather than the water itself.[2] This became useful gauge for the driver because many early engines did not have water pumps, but a circulation system based on the "thermo-syphon" principle as in the Ford Model T.

The "exposed radiator cap became a focal point for automobile personalization."[4]

Hood ornaments were popular in the 1920s, 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, with many automakers fitting them to their vehicles. They also serve to differentiate cars and the ornaments were inspired by animals, mythological figures, and the automakers' logos.[5] A common element on every Rolls-Royce since 1911 is the "Spirit of Ecstacy" on the hood that serves as a type of "calling card" and denotes the message of luxury.[5] During the 1920s, advertisements for Mercedes-Benz emphasized their "star" hood ornament as representing the "world-famous product of the oldest automobile works in the world" and as the ultimate symbol of luxury.[6]

A market developed supplying accessories to those who wanted to add an ornament or car mascot to their automobile.[7] These were a way to express the owner's love of their car or customizing to express individuality. Most of these companies went out of business, with only Louis Lejeune Ltd. in England surviving. Sculptors like Bazin, Paillet, Sykes, Renevey, and Lejeune created detailed miniature sculptures, like figurines.

Hood ornaments were viewed as "objets d'art" according to Richard Teague, who served as styling vice president at American Motors Corporation (AMC).[8] A sculptor described some hood ornaments as “certainly some kind of sex symbol—a symbol of virility."[8] There were Art Deco stylized women’s forms serving as hood ornaments.[9] After World War II, Nash Motors commissioned George Petty to design hood ornaments featuring female figures without clothing for their cars.[10][11] Petty used his daughter to make the "Flying Lady" hood ornament which became a marketing coup for Nash and the 1950 "Airflyte" models in the Ambassador and Statesman cars.[12] Nash had four different versions of this iconic ornament on its vehicles for ten years before designing non-anthropomorphic hood decorations.[13][14]

Teague brought back a hood ornament for the top-of-the-line AMC Ambassador cars because of the "good feeling" they provide to the owners "or at least a reminder of the money spent on the car."[8] Others in the auto industry, such as Dick Macadam, a chief stylist at Chrysler hold the view that hood ornaments provide an aiming point for centering, "possibly making for easier and safer car handling."[8]

Legal restrictions edit

Restrictions to fitting ornaments on the front of vehicles have been introduced in some jurisdictions. Projecting decorative designs on the hood may increase the risk of injury to pedestrians during a collision.

Regulations introduced in the United States for the 1968 model year vehicles meant the disappearance of fixed stand-up hood ornaments, as well as spinner wheel protrusions.[15] Later versions featured flexibly mounted (spring-loaded) stand-up hood ornaments designed to fold without breaking on impact, such as on the 1973 Ford Thunderbird, 1974 AMC Ambassador, and on the 1986 Jeep Wagoneer (SJ).[16][17][18]

In the European Union, since 1974, all new cars have had to conform to a European directive on vehicle exterior projections.[19] Rolls-Royce's mascot is now mounted on a spring-loaded mechanism designed to retract instantly into the radiator shell if struck with a force greater than 98 newtons (22 pounds-force). Other hood ornaments were designed with a spring mount to fold on impact. For aftermarket ornaments, breakaway nylon fixings are available that comply with EC Directive 74/483.[20]

The ornaments have been moved down from the hood to the grille.[21] They are now viewed as overwrought and detrimental to aerodynamics.[22]

Branding edit

 
Hispano-Suiza K6 Berline Vanvooren

Many automakers wanted their emblems displayed on their vehicles' hoods. Boyce Motormeter accommodated them with corporate logos or mascots, as well as numerous organizations that wanted custom cap emblems to identify their members.[2] The company had over 300 such customers at one time during the mid-1920s, for car, truck, tractor, boat, airplane, and motorcycle manufacturers, and in 1927, had 1,800 employees in six countries: U.S., England, Canada, Australia, France, and Germany. The hundreds of motor vehicle manufacturers before 1929 meant many customers for their customized emblems.[23]

Brand identification remains essential "as firms try to distinguish their company's cookie-cutter SUV, sedan or pick-up truck from another company's cookie-cutter SUV, sedan, or pick-up truck merely with a hood ornament or a name on the bumper."[24]

Examples edit

Along with the grille, the hood ornament is often a distinctive styling element, and many marques use it as their primary brand identifier.

Examples of hood ornaments include:

Additionally, many models in all price and market segments, such as Buick Regal, Chevrolet Impala, Jeep Grand Wagoneer (SJ), and Chrysler Cordoba, featured unique emblems and accompanying distinctive standup hood ornaments.[40][41]

The importance of design edit

While "originally designed for a purpose," the hood ornament became "transformed into elaborate decorations or symbols."[42] As a result, the radiator cap was changed into an art form and became a way of individualizing the car, "representing a company's vision of the automobile", or "speaking volumes about the owner" of the vehicle.[2] Another design objective developed for the hood ornament "reflected an idea of motion and speed and grace."[42]

There are legal issues in protecting the designs of hood ornaments. Less expensive than patenting the design, protection by copyright may be possible "only if, and only to the extent that, such design incorporates pictorial, graphic, or sculptural features that can be identified separately from, and capable of existing independently of, the utilitarian aspects of the article."[43] Thus, the Rolls Royce ornament could be used as a separate sculpture while most other distinctive hood ornament forms would not be considered free-standing items.[43]

Materials used in manufacturing edit

Hood ornaments are usually cast in brass, zinc, or bronze and chrome plated. During the years when chrome plating was unavailable, silver or nickel was substituted. Some also incorporated other materials, like plastic, bakelite, or colored glass. The 1950 Ford Custom DeLuxe hood ornament was molded in Plexiglas.[44] Others contained a light bulb for illumination at night. Pontiac featured a lighted Indian-head hood ornament through 1955, after which it was replaced by the flying V design.[45]

The best-known glass mascots were made by René Lalique in France.[46] Other sellers or producers of glass mascots include Sabino in France, Red Ashay in England, and Persons Majestic in the U.S. The latter two had their products made in Czechoslovakia. Like Louis Lejeune Ltd., the Lalique Company is one of the few survivors from this era of motoring.

Collectibility edit

Some hood ornaments are attractive for more than the car's owners such as the red-white-and-blue golden lion crests that were on the hoods of 1950 Fords that children took to decorate their hats, belts, or bicycles.[47] The company solved the problem by offering a free miniature crest to all the kids that wrote letters requesting one.[47]

There is a collector's market for hood ornaments and car mascots.[48][49][50][self-published source] One of the most sought-after is the Nash Petty Hood Ornament, with one of the most largest followers of all hood ornament collectors.[51] To satisfy collectors, reproduction castings of the "Flying Lady" are being made from the original Nash ornament.[52]

References edit

  1. ^ Cranswick, Marc (2012). The Cars of American Motors: An Illustrated History. McFarland. p. 47. ISBN 9780786446728. Retrieved 29 October 2014. ...Marlin's hood ornament was redesigned, so it seemed less obtrusive.
  2. ^ a b c d e Hinckley, James; Robinson, Jon G. (2005). The Big Book of Car Culture: The Armchair Guide to Automotive Americana. MotorBooks/MBI. p. 9. ISBN 9780760319659. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  3. ^ Corbe, David (2006). A History of Cars. Gareth Stevens. p. 29. ISBN 9780836862867. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  4. ^ Witzel, Michael Karl (1996). Route 66 Remembered. Motorbooks. p. 31. ISBN 9780760301142. Retrieved 29 October 2014. America's heyday for hood ornaments.
  5. ^ a b Rossen, Jake (29 September 2023). "Why Don't Cars Have Hood Ornaments Anymore?". Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  6. ^ Swett, Pamela E. (2013). Selling under the Swastika: Advertising and Commercial Culture in Nazi Germany. Stanford University Press. p. 118. ISBN 9780804788830. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
  7. ^ Browne, Ray Broadus; Browne, Pat (2001). The Guide to United States Popular Culture. Popular Press. p. 404. ISBN 9780879728212. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  8. ^ a b c d Flint, Jerry M. (5 December 1972). "Hood Ornament Makes Comeback". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  9. ^ Breedlove, Burt "Buck" (5 January 2019). "Nash automobiles & hood ornaments". Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  10. ^ "Hood Ornament Designer, c 1945". nashcarclub.org. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  11. ^ Lous, George (7 December 1997). "Anatomically Incorrect". Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  12. ^ Baron, Rich (25 May 2023). "Vintage Promo Shot: George Petty and Nash's Flying Lady – The Least Expensive Date You Ever Had!". Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  13. ^ Smith, Kyle (26 April 2019). "Here are the 5 best hood ornaments, according to you". Hagerty. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  14. ^ Breedlove, Burt "Buck" (28 July 2020). "Fourth Nash hood ornament acquired". Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  15. ^ "Detroit serves up the '68 models". Kiplinger's Personal Finance. Vol. 21, no. 9. September 1967. p. 6. Retrieved 23 February 2023 – via Google Books.
  16. ^ "Ford Thunderbird History - The Seventies". automotivemileposts.com. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  17. ^ Automotive Industries, Volume 149. Chilton. 1973. p. 39. Retrieved 26 April 2023 – via Google Books.
  18. ^ Ackerson, Robert C. (1993). Standard catalog of 4 x 4's: 1945-1993. Krause. p. 481. ISBN 9780873412032. Retrieved 26 April 2023 – via Google Books.
  19. ^ "Council Directive 74/483/EEC of 17 September 1974 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the external projections of motor vehicles". eur-lex.europa.eu. 17 September 1974. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  20. ^ "Car Mascots and English Law". louislejeune.com. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  21. ^ Williams, Casey (5 August 2020). "Putting the focus on the ever-receding hood ornament". The Detroit News. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  22. ^ Kwon, Amos (12 December 2022). "Every Automotive Emblem, Explained". gearpatrol.com. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  23. ^ Koma, Victor. "Reaching the Boiling Point: A History of Boyce Moto Meters". prewarbuick.com. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  24. ^ Torres-Spelliscy, Ciara (2019). Political Brands. Edward Elgar. p. 5. ISBN 9781789901825. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
  25. ^ Ralston, Marc (1980). Pierce-Arrow. A. S. Barnes. p. 151. ISBN 9780498024511.
  26. ^ Flory, J. Kelly (2008). American Cars 1946-1959: Every Model Year by Year. McFarland. p. 384. ISBN 9780786432295. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  27. ^ Hernandez, Lolita (2004). Autopsy of an engine and other stories from the Cadillac plant. Coffee House Press. p. 151. ISBN 9781566891615.
  28. ^ Adler, Dennis (2000). The Art of the Automobile: The 100 Greatest Cars. Harper Collins. p. 26. ISBN 9780061051289. Retrieved 26 April 2023 – via Google Books.
  29. ^ Heritage Vintage & Contemporary Photography Auction #5020. 2009. p. 118. ISBN 9781599673479. Retrieved 26 April 2023 – via Google Books.
  30. ^ Hunting, Benjamin (9 May 2019). "10 Most Murderous Hood Ornaments in History". DrivingLine. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  31. ^ "Peugeot". Automobile Quarterly. 29 (1): 37. 1991. Retrieved 26 April 2023 – via Google Books.
  32. ^ Gunnell, John (2006). Standard Catalog of American Muscle Cars 1960-1972. Krause. p. 9. ISBN 9780896894334. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  33. ^ "The Marlin Story…. From Concept to Reality". AMCRC Rambler Reader. Vol. 17, no. 4. 1996. Retrieved 23 February 2023 – via marlinautoclub.com.
  34. ^ Clinard, Marshall Barron; Yeager, Peter C. (2005). Corporate crime. Transaction Publishers. p. 255. ISBN 9781412804936. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  35. ^ Hyde, Charles K. (2003). Riding the roller coaster: a history of the Chrysler Corporation. Wayne State University Press. p. 74. ISBN 9780814330913. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  36. ^ Crandall, Larry (March–April 1999). "The Spirit of Ecstasy". Tampa Bay Magazine. Vol. 14, no. 2. p. 133. Retrieved 23 February 2023 – via Google Books.
  37. ^ Fadón, Borja (31 May 2009). "Hispano Suiza, recuerdos de una época gloriosa". Motorpasion (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  38. ^ Koch, Jeff (12 December 2014). "The whole stor(k)y – why is there a bird on the radiator of that car?". Hemmings. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  39. ^ Gunnell, John (2004). Standard catalog of Buick, 1903-2004. Krause. p. 254. ISBN 9780873497602. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  40. ^ "1986 Jeep Grand Wagoneer hood ornament". classiccarstodayonline.com. 19 May 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2023. the standard hood ornament on all 1986-91 Jeep Grand Wagoneers
  41. ^ Gunnell, John (1982). Standard Catalog of American Cars, 1946-1975. Krause. p. 576. ISBN 9780873410274. Retrieved 23 February 2023. .... distinctive medallions were set into the taillamps and the stand-up hood ornament ...
  42. ^ a b Harrop, JoAnne Klimovich (3 May 2021). "Hood ornament exhibition opens at The Frick Pittsburgh". TribLIVE.com. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  43. ^ a b Landes, William M.; Posner, Richard A. (2003). The Economic Structure of Intellectual Property Law. Harvard University Press. p. 332. ISBN 9780674265295. Retrieved 26 April 2023 – via Google Books.
  44. ^ "Ford's Plexiglass hood ornament". Modern Plastics. Vol. 28. Breskin & Charleton. 1951. p. 177. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  45. ^ "1955 Pontiac is all New". Popular Mechanics. Vol. 102, no. 5. November 1954. pp. 88–89. Retrieved 23 February 2023 – via Google Books.
  46. ^ Wraight, Tony. "René Lalique pre-war Car Mascots article". Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  47. ^ a b Gunnell, John (2011). Standard Catalog of Ford, 1903-2002: 100 Years of History, Photos, Technical Data and Pricing. Penguin. ISBN 9781440230387. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
  48. ^ Alice, Michele (17 September 2006). . ecommercebytes.com. Archived from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
  49. ^ "Vintage Hood Ornaments". collectorsweekly.com. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  50. ^ Suvak, David (2012). Test drive to Chicago: and other trips and tales. Xlibris. pp. 19–22. ISBN 9781479755530. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  51. ^ "1953 Nash Flying Goddess Hood Ornament". Fluid Chrome Studios. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  52. ^ "George Petty Nash Flying Lady Hood Ornament, $1,250.00". whiteglovecollection.com. Retrieved 6 February 2024.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hood ornaments.
  • "Automobile and Car Mascots". northstargallery.com. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
  • Dreßler, Matthias (2019). Kühlerfiguren klassischer Automobile 1909-1939 [Radiator Mascots of the Classic Car Era 1909-1939] (in German). Matthias Dreßler. ISBN 9783000608650.
  • Weiner, Geoffrey George (2014). Unique Lalique mascots. Trans-Atlantic Publications. ISBN 9781909984219.
  • Weiner, Geoffrey George (2017). Unique Lalique Mascots Volume 2. Grosvenor House. ISBN 9781786239037.

January 01, 1970
hood, ornament, this, article, about, decorative, hood, ornaments, modern, radiator, caps, their, function, radiator, hood, ornament, bonnet, ornament, bonnet, mascot, commonwealth, english, also, called, motor, mascot, mascot, specially, crafted, model, that,. This article is about decorative hood ornaments For modern radiator caps and their function see radiator A hood ornament or bonnet ornament or bonnet mascot in Commonwealth English also called a motor mascot or car mascot is a specially crafted model that symbolizes a car company like a badge located on the front center portion of the hood It has been used as an adornment nearly since the inception of automobiles 2 Mercedes Benz 1913 Boyce MotoMeter 1925 Laurin amp Klement Skoda 110 1949 Kaiser Virginian The Spirit of Ecstasy kneeling version on the 1952 Brazilian presidential Rolls Royce 1967 AMC Marlin 1 1970s MAN truck Home made hood ornament on pick up truck in Texas Contents 1 Origin 2 Legal restrictions 3 Branding 3 1 Examples 3 2 The importance of design 4 Materials used in manufacturing 5 Collectibility 6 References 7 External linksOrigin editAccording to the author of A History of Cars written for youth the first hood ornament was a sun crested falcon to bring good luck mounted on the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun s chariot 3 In the early years automobiles had their radiator caps outside the hood and on top of the grille which also served as an indicator of the temperature of the engine s coolant fluid 2 The Boyce MotoMeter Company was issued a patent in 1912 for a radiator cap that incorporated a thermometer that was visible to the driver with a sensor that measured the heat of the water vapor rather than the water itself 2 This became useful gauge for the driver because many early engines did not have water pumps but a circulation system based on the thermo syphon principle as in the Ford Model T The exposed radiator cap became a focal point for automobile personalization 4 Hood ornaments were popular in the 1920s 1930s 1940s and 1950s with many automakers fitting them to their vehicles They also serve to differentiate cars and the ornaments were inspired by animals mythological figures and the automakers logos 5 A common element on every Rolls Royce since 1911 is the Spirit of Ecstacy on the hood that serves as a type of calling card and denotes the message of luxury 5 During the 1920s advertisements for Mercedes Benz emphasized their star hood ornament as representing the world famous product of the oldest automobile works in the world and as the ultimate symbol of luxury 6 A market developed supplying accessories to those who wanted to add an ornament or car mascot to their automobile 7 These were a way to express the owner s love of their car or customizing to express individuality Most of these companies went out of business with only Louis Lejeune Ltd in England surviving Sculptors like Bazin Paillet Sykes Renevey and Lejeune created detailed miniature sculptures like figurines Hood ornaments were viewed as objets d art according to Richard Teague who served as styling vice president at American Motors Corporation AMC 8 A sculptor described some hood ornaments as certainly some kind of sex symbol a symbol of virility 8 There were Art Deco stylized women s forms serving as hood ornaments 9 After World War II Nash Motors commissioned George Petty to design hood ornaments featuring female figures without clothing for their cars 10 11 Petty used his daughter to make the Flying Lady hood ornament which became a marketing coup for Nash and the 1950 Airflyte models in the Ambassador and Statesman cars 12 Nash had four different versions of this iconic ornament on its vehicles for ten years before designing non anthropomorphic hood decorations 13 14 Teague brought back a hood ornament for the top of the line AMC Ambassador cars because of the good feeling they provide to the owners or at least a reminder of the money spent on the car 8 Others in the auto industry such as Dick Macadam a chief stylist at Chrysler hold the view that hood ornaments provide an aiming point for centering possibly making for easier and safer car handling 8 Legal restrictions editRestrictions to fitting ornaments on the front of vehicles have been introduced in some jurisdictions Projecting decorative designs on the hood may increase the risk of injury to pedestrians during a collision Regulations introduced in the United States for the 1968 model year vehicles meant the disappearance of fixed stand up hood ornaments as well as spinner wheel protrusions 15 Later versions featured flexibly mounted spring loaded stand up hood ornaments designed to fold without breaking on impact such as on the 1973 Ford Thunderbird 1974 AMC Ambassador and on the 1986 Jeep Wagoneer SJ 16 17 18 In the European Union since 1974 all new cars have had to conform to a European directive on vehicle exterior projections 19 Rolls Royce s mascot is now mounted on a spring loaded mechanism designed to retract instantly into the radiator shell if struck with a force greater than 98 newtons 22 pounds force Other hood ornaments were designed with a spring mount to fold on impact For aftermarket ornaments breakaway nylon fixings are available that comply with EC Directive 74 483 20 The ornaments have been moved down from the hood to the grille 21 They are now viewed as overwrought and detrimental to aerodynamics 22 Branding edit nbsp Hispano Suiza K6 Berline Vanvooren Many automakers wanted their emblems displayed on their vehicles hoods Boyce Motormeter accommodated them with corporate logos or mascots as well as numerous organizations that wanted custom cap emblems to identify their members 2 The company had over 300 such customers at one time during the mid 1920s for car truck tractor boat airplane and motorcycle manufacturers and in 1927 had 1 800 employees in six countries U S England Canada Australia France and Germany The hundreds of motor vehicle manufacturers before 1929 meant many customers for their customized emblems 23 Brand identification remains essential as firms try to distinguish their company s cookie cutter SUV sedan or pick up truck from another company s cookie cutter SUV sedan or pick up truck merely with a hood ornament or a name on the bumper 24 Examples edit Along with the grille the hood ornament is often a distinctive styling element and many marques use it as their primary brand identifier Examples of hood ornaments include Archer on Pierce Arrow cars 25 Ottawa leader Pontiac on Pontiac automobiles 26 Crest and wreath on Cadillac cars 27 Letter B with wings on Bentley cars 28 Ball with wings on Horch cars 29 Leaping jaguar on Jaguar cars 30 Lion rampant on Peugeot cars 31 Marlin jumping out of water mounted in a sight on AMC s fastback 32 33 Rocket on Oldsmobile cars 34 Rocky Mountain big horn ram s head on Dodge cars and trucks 35 Spirit of Ecstasy on Rolls Royce cars 36 Stork on Hispano Suiza cars 37 38 Three pointed star surrounded by a circle on Mercedes Benz sedans and wagons Trishields on Buick cars 39 Additionally many models in all price and market segments such as Buick Regal Chevrolet Impala Jeep Grand Wagoneer SJ and Chrysler Cordoba featured unique emblems and accompanying distinctive standup hood ornaments 40 41 The importance of design edit While originally designed for a purpose the hood ornament became transformed into elaborate decorations or symbols 42 As a result the radiator cap was changed into an art form and became a way of individualizing the car representing a company s vision of the automobile or speaking volumes about the owner of the vehicle 2 Another design objective developed for the hood ornament reflected an idea of motion and speed and grace 42 There are legal issues in protecting the designs of hood ornaments Less expensive than patenting the design protection by copyright may be possible only if and only to the extent that such design incorporates pictorial graphic or sculptural features that can be identified separately from and capable of existing independently of the utilitarian aspects of the article 43 Thus the Rolls Royce ornament could be used as a separate sculpture while most other distinctive hood ornament forms would not be considered free standing items 43 Materials used in manufacturing editHood ornaments are usually cast in brass zinc or bronze and chrome plated During the years when chrome plating was unavailable silver or nickel was substituted Some also incorporated other materials like plastic bakelite or colored glass The 1950 Ford Custom DeLuxe hood ornament was molded in Plexiglas 44 Others contained a light bulb for illumination at night Pontiac featured a lighted Indian head hood ornament through 1955 after which it was replaced by the flying V design 45 The best known glass mascots were made by Rene Lalique in France 46 Other sellers or producers of glass mascots include Sabino in France Red Ashay in England and Persons Majestic in the U S The latter two had their products made in Czechoslovakia Like Louis Lejeune Ltd the Lalique Company is one of the few survivors from this era of motoring Collectibility editSome hood ornaments are attractive for more than the car s owners such as the red white and blue golden lion crests that were on the hoods of 1950 Fords that children took to decorate their hats belts or bicycles 47 The company solved the problem by offering a free miniature crest to all the kids that wrote letters requesting one 47 There is a collector s market for hood ornaments and car mascots 48 49 50 self published source One of the most sought after is the Nash Petty Hood Ornament with one of the most largest followers of all hood ornament collectors 51 To satisfy collectors reproduction castings of the Flying Lady are being made from the original Nash ornament 52 References edit Cranswick Marc 2012 The Cars of American Motors An Illustrated History McFarland p 47 ISBN 9780786446728 Retrieved 29 October 2014 Marlin s hood ornament was redesigned so it seemed less obtrusive a b c d e Hinckley James Robinson Jon G 2005 The Big Book of Car Culture The Armchair Guide to Automotive Americana MotorBooks MBI p 9 ISBN 9780760319659 Retrieved 29 October 2014 Corbe David 2006 A History of Cars Gareth Stevens p 29 ISBN 9780836862867 Retrieved 29 October 2014 Witzel Michael Karl 1996 Route 66 Remembered Motorbooks p 31 ISBN 9780760301142 Retrieved 29 October 2014 America s heyday for hood ornaments a b Rossen Jake 29 September 2023 Why Don t Cars Have Hood Ornaments Anymore Retrieved 6 February 2024 Swett Pamela E 2013 Selling under the Swastika Advertising and Commercial Culture in Nazi Germany Stanford University Press p 118 ISBN 9780804788830 Retrieved 23 September 2019 Browne Ray Broadus Browne Pat 2001 The Guide to United States Popular Culture Popular Press p 404 ISBN 9780879728212 Retrieved 23 February 2023 a b c d Flint Jerry M 5 December 1972 Hood Ornament Makes Comeback The New York Times Retrieved 6 February 2024 Breedlove Burt Buck 5 January 2019 Nash automobiles amp hood ornaments Retrieved 6 February 2024 Hood Ornament Designer c 1945 nashcarclub org Retrieved 6 February 2024 Lous George 7 December 1997 Anatomically Incorrect Retrieved 6 February 2024 Baron Rich 25 May 2023 Vintage Promo Shot George Petty and Nash s Flying Lady The Least Expensive Date You Ever Had Retrieved 6 February 2024 Smith Kyle 26 April 2019 Here are the 5 best hood ornaments according to you Hagerty Retrieved 6 February 2024 Breedlove Burt Buck 28 July 2020 Fourth Nash hood ornament acquired Retrieved 6 February 2024 Detroit serves up the 68 models Kiplinger s Personal Finance Vol 21 no 9 September 1967 p 6 Retrieved 23 February 2023 via Google Books Ford Thunderbird History The Seventies automotivemileposts com Retrieved 26 April 2023 Automotive Industries Volume 149 Chilton 1973 p 39 Retrieved 26 April 2023 via Google Books Ackerson Robert C 1993 Standard catalog of 4 x 4 s 1945 1993 Krause p 481 ISBN 9780873412032 Retrieved 26 April 2023 via Google Books Council Directive 74 483 EEC of 17 September 1974 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the external projections of motor vehicles eur lex europa eu 17 September 1974 Retrieved 29 October 2014 Car Mascots and English Law louislejeune com Retrieved 29 October 2014 Williams Casey 5 August 2020 Putting the focus on the ever receding hood ornament The Detroit News Retrieved 23 February 2023 Kwon Amos 12 December 2022 Every Automotive Emblem Explained gearpatrol com Retrieved 26 April 2023 Koma Victor Reaching the Boiling Point A History of Boyce Moto Meters prewarbuick com Retrieved 23 February 2023 Torres Spelliscy Ciara 2019 Political Brands Edward Elgar p 5 ISBN 9781789901825 Retrieved 23 September 2019 Ralston Marc 1980 Pierce Arrow A S Barnes p 151 ISBN 9780498024511 Flory J Kelly 2008 American Cars 1946 1959 Every Model Year by Year McFarland p 384 ISBN 9780786432295 Retrieved 29 October 2014 Hernandez Lolita 2004 Autopsy of an engine and other stories from the Cadillac plant Coffee House Press p 151 ISBN 9781566891615 Adler Dennis 2000 The Art of the Automobile The 100 Greatest Cars Harper Collins p 26 ISBN 9780061051289 Retrieved 26 April 2023 via Google Books Heritage Vintage amp Contemporary Photography Auction 5020 2009 p 118 ISBN 9781599673479 Retrieved 26 April 2023 via Google Books Hunting Benjamin 9 May 2019 10 Most Murderous Hood Ornaments in History DrivingLine Retrieved 23 February 2023 Peugeot Automobile Quarterly 29 1 37 1991 Retrieved 26 April 2023 via Google Books Gunnell John 2006 Standard Catalog of American Muscle Cars 1960 1972 Krause p 9 ISBN 9780896894334 Retrieved 23 February 2023 The Marlin Story From Concept to Reality AMCRC Rambler Reader Vol 17 no 4 1996 Retrieved 23 February 2023 via marlinautoclub com Clinard Marshall Barron Yeager Peter C 2005 Corporate crime Transaction Publishers p 255 ISBN 9781412804936 Retrieved 29 October 2014 Hyde Charles K 2003 Riding the roller coaster a history of the Chrysler Corporation Wayne State University Press p 74 ISBN 9780814330913 Retrieved 29 October 2014 Crandall Larry March April 1999 The Spirit of Ecstasy Tampa Bay Magazine Vol 14 no 2 p 133 Retrieved 23 February 2023 via Google Books Fadon Borja 31 May 2009 Hispano Suiza recuerdos de una epoca gloriosa Motorpasion in Spanish Retrieved 20 May 2019 Koch Jeff 12 December 2014 The whole stor k y why is there a bird on the radiator of that car Hemmings Retrieved 23 February 2023 Gunnell John 2004 Standard catalog of Buick 1903 2004 Krause p 254 ISBN 9780873497602 Retrieved 29 October 2014 1986 Jeep Grand Wagoneer hood ornament classiccarstodayonline com 19 May 2014 Retrieved 26 April 2023 the standard hood ornament on all 1986 91 Jeep Grand Wagoneers Gunnell John 1982 Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946 1975 Krause p 576 ISBN 9780873410274 Retrieved 23 February 2023 distinctive medallions were set into the taillamps and the stand up hood ornament a b Harrop JoAnne Klimovich 3 May 2021 Hood ornament exhibition opens at The Frick Pittsburgh TribLIVE com Retrieved 26 April 2023 a b Landes William M Posner Richard A 2003 The Economic Structure of Intellectual Property Law Harvard University Press p 332 ISBN 9780674265295 Retrieved 26 April 2023 via Google Books Ford s Plexiglass hood ornament Modern Plastics Vol 28 Breskin amp Charleton 1951 p 177 Retrieved 6 February 2024 1955 Pontiac is all New Popular Mechanics Vol 102 no 5 November 1954 pp 88 89 Retrieved 23 February 2023 via Google Books Wraight Tony Rene Lalique pre war Car Mascots article Retrieved 29 October 2014 a b Gunnell John 2011 Standard Catalog of Ford 1903 2002 100 Years of History Photos Technical Data and Pricing Penguin ISBN 9781440230387 Retrieved 23 September 2019 Alice Michele 17 September 2006 Collector s Corner Automobilia Hood Ornaments and Mascots ecommercebytes com Archived from the original on 30 October 2014 Retrieved 23 February 2023 Vintage Hood Ornaments collectorsweekly com Retrieved 29 October 2014 Suvak David 2012 Test drive to Chicago and other trips and tales Xlibris pp 19 22 ISBN 9781479755530 Retrieved 29 October 2014 1953 Nash Flying Goddess Hood Ornament Fluid Chrome Studios Retrieved 6 February 2024 George Petty Nash Flying Lady Hood Ornament 1 250 00 whiteglovecollection com Retrieved 6 February 2024 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hood ornaments Automobile and Car Mascots northstargallery com Retrieved 23 September 2019 Dressler Matthias 2019 Kuhlerfiguren klassischer Automobile 1909 1939 Radiator Mascots of the Classic Car Era 1909 1939 in German Matthias Dressler ISBN 9783000608650 Weiner Geoffrey George 2014 Unique Lalique mascots Trans Atlantic Publications ISBN 9781909984219 Weiner Geoffrey George 2017 Unique Lalique Mascots Volume 2 Grosvenor House ISBN 9781786239037 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hood ornament amp oldid 1222331099, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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