Several Soviet and Russian rocket engines use the approach of clustering small combustion chambers around a single turbine and pump. During the early 1950s, many Soviet engine designers, including Valentin P. Glushko, faced problems of combustion instability while designing bigger thrust chambers. At that time, they solved the problem by using a cluster of smaller thrust chambers.
Variants
RD-170
The RD-170 engine featured four combustion chambers and was developed for use on the Energia launch vehicle – both the engine and the launch vehicle were in production only for a short time. Energia was launched twice. Each Energia vehicle had a core hydrolox stage, plus 4 Zenit boosters, each powered by one RD-170.
The engine was designed for 10 reuses but tests showed they could stand up to 20 burns.[6]
RD-171
RD-171 model
Building on the technology from the Energia's liquid fuel booster the Zenit (rocket family) was developed, which uses a RD-170 variant, the RD-171. While the RD-170 had nozzles which swiveled on two axes, the RD-171's nozzles only swivel on one axis.[2] RD-171 was intended to be used on Zenit rocket. Models called the RD-172 and RD-173 were proposed, upgrades that would provide additional thrust, and the RD-173 proposal was finalized as the RD-171M upgrade in 2006.[2]
RD-171MV
A modification of RD-171M being developed for the Irtysh rocket. Unlike RD-171M it's completely made from Russian components and features a new control system.[7] First test sample was manufactured in early 2019[8] Tests were reported to have been successfully completed in September 2021.[9]
The RD-180 uses only two combustion chambers instead of the four of the RD-170. The RD-180 used on the Atlas V replaced the three engines used on early Atlas rockets with a single engine and achieved significant payload and performance gains. This engine had also been chosen to be the main propulsion system for the first stage of the now cancelled Russian Rus-M rocket.[10]
The RD-191 is a single-chamber version used in the Russian Angara rocket.[11] Variants of RD-191 include RD-151 in South Korean Naro-1 rocket,[12]RD-181 in American Orbital ATKAntares rocket, and the proposed RD-193 for the Soyuz-2-1v project.[13]
Proposed variants
On 28 July 2011, NPO Energomash summarised the results of the work on Rus-M rocket engine and considered the possibility of construction several new variants of RD-170 family engines.[14] According to the information, new and proposed variants will be marked as:
RD-180M for crewed Atlas V rocket (Not required, current RD-180 meets crewed Atlas V requirements.)[15]
RD-175 with 9800 kN thrust for proposed Energia-K rocket.[16]
In 2017, Director General of RKK Energia Vladimir Solntsev referred to a "simplified" and "cheaper" version of the RD-171 engine in connection with the Soyuz-5 (Sunkar) project.[17]
Specifications
4 combustion chambers, 4 nozzles
1 set of turbines and pumps; turbine produces approximately 257,000 hp (192MW); equivalent to the power output of 3 nuclear-powered icebreakers
^ [Energomash has made a reference model of RD-171MV]. NPO Energomash (in Russian). 16 October 2018. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022.
^@Rogozin (8 February 2019). "Первый двигатель РД-171МВ для новейшей ракеты среднего класса Союз-5 "Иртыш" собран на подмосковном "НПО Энергомаш" и готовится к огневым испытаниям" [First sample RD-171MV for Soyuz-5 Irtish manufactured in Energomash is ready for testing.] (Tweet) (in Russian) – via Twitter.
^Berger, Eric (9 October 2021). "Rocket Report: Next Falcon Heavy launch date set, Soyuz 5 engines clear tests". Ars Technica.
^Coppinger, Rob (2009-08-11). . Flight International. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009.
^. Khrunichev. 2007-12-12. Archived from the original on 2007-12-30.
^. 25 August 2009. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011.
redirects, here, minolta, minolta, russian, РД, Ракетный, Двигатель, raketnyy, dvigatel, world, most, powerful, heaviest, liquid, fuel, rocket, engine, designed, produced, soviet, union, energomash, with, energia, launch, vehicle, engine, burns, kerosene, fuel. RD 175 redirects here For the Minolta RD 175 see Minolta RD 175 The RD 170 Russian RD 170 Raketnyj Dvigatel 170 tr Raketnyy Dvigatel 170 is the world s most powerful and heaviest liquid fuel rocket engine It was designed and produced in the Soviet Union by NPO Energomash for use with the Energia launch vehicle The engine burns kerosene fuel and LOX oxidizer in four combustion chambers all supplied by one single shaft single turbine turbopump rated at 170 MW 230 000 hp in a staged combustion cycle 3 5 RD 1701 1 scale model of an RD 170 rocket engine shown upside downCountry of originSoviet Union Russian FederationFirst flight1985 04 13ManufacturerNPO EnergomashApplicationMain engineAssociated LVEnergiaSuccessorRD 171MStatusRetiredLiquid fuel enginePropellantLOX RP 1Mixture ratio2 63CycleOxidizer rich staged combustionConfigurationChamber4Nozzle ratio36 87PerformanceThrust vacuum7 90 MN 1 780 000 lbf Thrust sea level7 25 MN 1 630 000 lbf Throttle range100 40 Thrust to weight ratio82 1Chamber pressure24 52 MPa 3 556 psi Specific impulse vacuum337 s 3 30 km s Specific impulse sea level309 s 3 03 km s Burn time150 secondsDimensionsLength4 0 m 160 in Diameter3 8 m 150 in Dry weight9 750 kg 21 500 lb Used inEnergiaReferencesReferences 1 2 3 4 Contents 1 Shared turbopump 2 Variants 2 1 RD 170 2 2 RD 171 2 3 RD 171MV 2 4 Dual chamber derivative 2 5 Single chamber derivative 2 6 Proposed variants 3 Specifications 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksShared turbopump EditSeveral Soviet and Russian rocket engines use the approach of clustering small combustion chambers around a single turbine and pump During the early 1950s many Soviet engine designers including Valentin P Glushko faced problems of combustion instability while designing bigger thrust chambers At that time they solved the problem by using a cluster of smaller thrust chambers Variants EditRD 170 Edit The RD 170 engine featured four combustion chambers and was developed for use on the Energia launch vehicle both the engine and the launch vehicle were in production only for a short time Energia was launched twice Each Energia vehicle had a core hydrolox stage plus 4 Zenit boosters each powered by one RD 170 The engine was designed for 10 reuses but tests showed they could stand up to 20 burns 6 RD 171 Edit RD 171 model Building on the technology from the Energia s liquid fuel booster the Zenit rocket family was developed which uses a RD 170 variant the RD 171 While the RD 170 had nozzles which swiveled on two axes the RD 171 s nozzles only swivel on one axis 2 RD 171 was intended to be used on Zenit rocket Models called the RD 172 and RD 173 were proposed upgrades that would provide additional thrust and the RD 173 proposal was finalized as the RD 171M upgrade in 2006 2 RD 171MV Edit A modification of RD 171M being developed for the Irtysh rocket Unlike RD 171M it s completely made from Russian components and features a new control system 7 First test sample was manufactured in early 2019 8 Tests were reported to have been successfully completed in September 2021 9 Dual chamber derivative Edit Main article RD 180 The RD 180 uses only two combustion chambers instead of the four of the RD 170 The RD 180 used on the Atlas V replaced the three engines used on early Atlas rockets with a single engine and achieved significant payload and performance gains This engine had also been chosen to be the main propulsion system for the first stage of the now cancelled Russian Rus M rocket 10 Single chamber derivative Edit Main article RD 191 The RD 191 is a single chamber version used in the Russian Angara rocket 11 Variants of RD 191 include RD 151 in South Korean Naro 1 rocket 12 RD 181 in American Orbital ATK Antares rocket and the proposed RD 193 for the Soyuz 2 1v project 13 Proposed variants Edit On 28 July 2011 NPO Energomash summarised the results of the work on Rus M rocket engine and considered the possibility of construction several new variants of RD 170 family engines 14 According to the information new and proposed variants will be marked as RD 180M for crewed Atlas V rocket Not required current RD 180 meets crewed Atlas V requirements 15 RD 180V for Rus M rocket RD 175 with 9800 kN thrust for proposed Energia K rocket 16 In 2017 Director General of RKK Energia Vladimir Solntsev referred to a simplified and cheaper version of the RD 171 engine in connection with the Soyuz 5 Sunkar project 17 Specifications Edit4 combustion chambers 4 nozzles 1 set of turbines and pumps turbine produces approximately 257 000 hp 192 MW equivalent to the power output of 3 nuclear powered icebreakers Ignition pyrophoric start up fuel capsule triethylaluminium 18 Vacuum thrust 7 887 kN 1 773 000 lbf Vacuum Isp 338 s 3 31 km s Sea level Isp 309 s 3 03 km s Weight 9 750 kilograms 21 500 lb Thrust to weight ratio 82See also EditComparison of orbital rocket enginesReferences Edit RD 171M NPO Energomash Archived from the original on 3 March 2022 a b c Ponomarenko Alexander ZhRD RD 170 11D521 i RD 171 11D520 RD 170 11D521 and RD 171 11D520 in Russian Retrieved 2015 10 08 a b Wade Mark RD 170 Encyclopedia Astronautica Archived from the original on April 15 2002 Retrieved 2015 10 08 Krebs Gunter Dick 2015 09 15 Zenit family Gunter s Space Page Retrieved 2015 10 08 South Korea to launch first space rocket on Aug 19 Yonhap News Agency 2009 08 25 Retrieved 2015 10 08 RD 170 Astronautix Mark Wade V NPO ENERGOMASh SOZDAN ETALONNYJ MAKET DVIGATELYa RD 171 MV Energomash has made a reference model of RD 171MV NPO Energomash in Russian 16 October 2018 Archived from the original on 2 January 2022 Rogozin 8 February 2019 Pervyj dvigatel RD 171MV dlya novejshej rakety srednego klassa Soyuz 5 Irtysh sobran na podmoskovnom NPO Energomash i gotovitsya k ognevym ispytaniyam First sample RD 171MV for Soyuz 5 Irtish manufactured in Energomash is ready for testing Tweet in Russian via Twitter Berger Eric 9 October 2021 Rocket Report Next Falcon Heavy launch date set Soyuz 5 engines clear tests Ars Technica Coppinger Rob 2009 08 11 The Bear s stars shine brighter Flight International Archived from the original on 14 August 2009 Successful Tests of Angara Stage 1 Engine Khrunichev 2007 12 12 Archived from the original on 2007 12 30 First launch of KSLV 1 is conducted 25 August 2009 Archived from the original on 23 July 2011 Zak Anatoly RD 193 russianspaceweb com Retrieved 2015 06 04 Provedeno zasedanie NTS in Russian August 1 2011 Archived from the original on September 30 2011 Retrieved August 26 2011 Energomash 2011 catalog Russian Roscosmos Retrieved February 15 2018 Russia s Energomash new rocket engines in development VoiceofRussia com The Voice of Russia 22 February 2012 Archived from the original on 12 November 2014 Russia charts new path to super rocket russianspaceweb com Retrieved February 15 2018 RD 170 11D521 i RD 171 11D520 External links EditManufacturer s Page Archived RD 170 171 specifications and design in Russian External image Astronautix com entry on RD 170 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title RD 170 amp oldid 1124092185 RD 171, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
