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Réti endgame study

January 24, 2023

The Réti endgame study is a chess endgame study by Richard Réti. It was published in 1921 in Kagans Neueste Schachnachrichten. It demonstrates how a king can make multiple threats and how it can take more than one path to a given location, using the same number of moves. It is covered in many books on the endgame (see chess endgame literature). The procedure is known as the "Réti Maneuver" or "Réti's Idea".[1][2][3] Endgame composer Abram Gurvich called the theme "The Hunt of Two Hares" and it appears in many other studies and games.[4] It is also called "chasing two birds at once".[5]

Richard Réti
This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.

The study

Richard Réti, 1921
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White to play and draw

White is to move and draw in this position. At first inspection, it appears that White has no hope in drawing. His king is well outside the "square" of the black pawn (see king and pawn versus king endgame) and the king is a long way from supporting his own pawn. However, White can draw by making king moves that have dual purposes. One goal is getting in the square of the black pawn, so it can be intercepted, and the other is getting to the d6 square to support the promotion of his pawn.

The black king will have to spend two tempi to stop the white pawn from promoting, and this is the number of tempi the white king needs to gain in order to get into the square of the black pawn.

de la Villa, page 179
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Number of ways for the white king to get to squares in the minimum number of moves

The second diagram shows the number of ways that the white king can get to various squares in the minimum number of moves. There are nine ways to get to d6, but only one of them allows him to get into the square of the black pawn.

The solution is for the white king to follow the path on the diagonal marked by "1" and then follow the dots to intercept the black pawn (if necessary):

1. Kg7! h4

1...Kb6 transposes.

2. Kf6 Kb6

Black has to spend a tempo on preventing the white king from reaching his pawn. If 2...h3 then 3.Ke7 h2 4.c7 Kb7 5.Kd7 and both pawns promote, with a drawn position.

3. Ke5! Kxc6

Black has to spend another tempo to capture the pawn, to prevent the white king from protecting it. If 3...h3 then 4.Kd6 h2 5.c7 h1=Q 6.c8=Q, draw.[6] Now the white king has gained enough tempi to get in the square of the black pawn and intercept it.

4. Kf4

Draw, since the white king can stop the pawn from promoting (e.g. 4...h3 5.Kg3 h2 6.Kxh2).[7]

Another study with the same idea

Richard Réti, 1928
abcdefgh
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White to move and draw

Réti used the same idea in another study. The solution is:

1. Kg6 Kb6
2. Kxg7 f5
3. Kf6! f4
4. Ke5 f3
5. Kd6 f2
6. c7 f1=Q
7. c8=Q Qf4+
8. Kd5 ½–½[8]

Examples from games

Yates versus Marshall

Yates vs. Marshall, 1929
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Black to move

In this game between Frederick Yates and Frank Marshall,[9] Black draws using the same idea:

60... Kb2!

If 60...Kc2? 61.f4 wins.

61. Kxa4

If 61.f4?? then 61...a3 wins.

61... Kc3!
62. f4 Kd4 ½–½.[10][11]

Lasker versus Tarrasch

Lasker vs. Tarrasch, 1914
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White to move

In this 1914 game between World Champion Emanuel Lasker and Siegbert Tarrasch,[12] Black exchanged down into this position because he thought it was a win, but White used the maneuver above to draw the game.

40. h4 Kg4 41. Kg6!

Threatening 42.h5.[13] Black had only considered the line 41.Kf6? c4 42.bxc4 bxc4 43.Ke5 c3 44.bxc3 a4 45.Kd4 a3, winning.[14]

41... Kxh4

This move is forced and the white king gains a tempo to return on a different diagonal which is not obstructed by his pawns.[15]

42. Kf5 Kg3 43. Ke4 Kf2 44. Kd5 Ke3 45. Kxc5 Kd3 46. Kxb5 Kc2 47. Kxa5 Kxb3 ½–½

The theme of this endgame was used later by Réti in the study.[16]

References

  1. ^ (Müller & Pajeken 2008:32–33)
  2. ^ (Nunn 2007:118–19)
  3. ^ (Dvoretsky 2006:26)
  4. ^ (Müller & Lamprecht 2007:39)
  5. ^ (Dvoretsky 2006:26)
  6. ^ (Müller & Pajeken 2008:12–13)
  7. ^ (de la Villa 2008:179–80)
  8. ^ (Fishbein 1993:18–19)
  9. ^ "Yates vs. Marshall". Chessgames.com.
  10. ^ (Fishbein 1993:18–19)
  11. ^ (Dvoretsky 2006:26–27)
  12. ^ "Lasker vs. Tarrasch". Chessgames.com.
  13. ^ (Giddins 2007:8)
  14. ^ (Kasparov 2003:209)
  15. ^ (Giddins 2007:8)
  16. ^ (Kasparov 2003:210)

Bibliography

Further reading

January 24, 2023
réti, endgame, study, chess, endgame, study, richard, réti, published, 1921, kagans, neueste, schachnachrichten, demonstrates, king, make, multiple, threats, take, more, than, path, given, location, using, same, number, moves, covered, many, books, endgame, ch. The Reti endgame study is a chess endgame study by Richard Reti It was published in 1921 in Kagans Neueste Schachnachrichten It demonstrates how a king can make multiple threats and how it can take more than one path to a given location using the same number of moves It is covered in many books on the endgame see chess endgame literature The procedure is known as the Reti Maneuver or Reti s Idea 1 2 3 Endgame composer Abram Gurvich called the theme The Hunt of Two Hares and it appears in many other studies and games 4 It is also called chasing two birds at once 5 Richard Reti Contents 1 The study 2 Another study with the same idea 3 Examples from games 3 1 Yates versus Marshall 3 2 Lasker versus Tarrasch 4 References 5 Further readingThis article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves The study EditRichard Reti 1921abcdefgh8 877665544332211abcdefghWhite to play and draw White is to move and draw in this position At first inspection it appears that White has no hope in drawing His king is well outside the square of the black pawn see king and pawn versus king endgame and the king is a long way from supporting his own pawn However White can draw by making king moves that have dual purposes One goal is getting in the square of the black pawn so it can be intercepted and the other is getting to the d6 square to support the promotion of his pawn The black king will have to spend two tempi to stop the white pawn from promoting and this is the number of tempi the white king needs to gain in order to get into the square of the black pawn de la Villa page 179abcdefgh8 877665544332211abcdefghNumber of ways for the white king to get to squares in the minimum number of moves The second diagram shows the number of ways that the white king can get to various squares in the minimum number of moves There are nine ways to get to d6 but only one of them allows him to get into the square of the black pawn The solution is for the white king to follow the path on the diagonal marked by 1 and then follow the dots to intercept the black pawn if necessary 1 Kg7 h41 Kb6 transposes 2 Kf6 Kb6Black has to spend a tempo on preventing the white king from reaching his pawn If 2 h3 then 3 Ke7 h2 4 c7 Kb7 5 Kd7 and both pawns promote with a drawn position 3 Ke5 Kxc6Black has to spend another tempo to capture the pawn to prevent the white king from protecting it If 3 h3 then 4 Kd6 h2 5 c7 h1 Q 6 c8 Q draw 6 Now the white king has gained enough tempi to get in the square of the black pawn and intercept it 4 Kf4Draw since the white king can stop the pawn from promoting e g 4 h3 5 Kg3 h2 6 Kxh2 7 Another study with the same idea EditRichard Reti 1928abcdefgh8 877665544332211abcdefghWhite to move and draw Reti used the same idea in another study The solution is 1 Kg6 Kb6 2 Kxg7 f5 3 Kf6 f4 4 Ke5 f3 5 Kd6 f2 6 c7 f1 Q 7 c8 Q Qf4 8 Kd5 8 Examples from games EditYates versus Marshall Edit Yates vs Marshall 1929abcdefgh8 877665544332211abcdefghBlack to move In this game between Frederick Yates and Frank Marshall 9 Black draws using the same idea 60 Kb2 If 60 Kc2 61 f4 wins 61 Kxa4If 61 f4 then 61 a3 wins 61 Kc3 62 f4 Kd4 10 11 Lasker versus Tarrasch Edit Lasker vs Tarrasch 1914abcdefgh8 877665544332211abcdefghWhite to move In this 1914 game between World Champion Emanuel Lasker and Siegbert Tarrasch 12 Black exchanged down into this position because he thought it was a win but White used the maneuver above to draw the game 40 h4 Kg4 41 Kg6 Threatening 42 h5 13 Black had only considered the line 41 Kf6 c4 42 bxc4 bxc4 43 Ke5 c3 44 bxc3 a4 45 Kd4 a3 winning 14 41 Kxh4This move is forced and the white king gains a tempo to return on a different diagonal which is not obstructed by his pawns 15 42 Kf5 Kg3 43 Ke4 Kf2 44 Kd5 Ke3 45 Kxc5 Kd3 46 Kxb5 Kc2 47 Kxa5 Kxb3 The theme of this endgame was used later by Reti in the study 16 References Edit Muller amp Pajeken 2008 32 33 Nunn 2007 118 19 Dvoretsky 2006 26 Muller amp Lamprecht 2007 39 Dvoretsky 2006 26 Muller amp Pajeken 2008 12 13 de la Villa 2008 179 80 Fishbein 1993 18 19 Yates vs Marshall Chessgames com Fishbein 1993 18 19 Dvoretsky 2006 26 27 Lasker vs Tarrasch Chessgames com Giddins 2007 8 Kasparov 2003 209 Giddins 2007 8 Kasparov 2003 210 Bibliography de la Villa Jesus 2008 100 Endgames You Must Know New in Chess ISBN 978 90 5691 244 4 Dvoretsky Mark 2006 Dvoretsky s Endgame Manual 2nd ed Russell Enterprises ISBN 1 888690 28 3 Fishbein Alexander 1993 King and Pawn Endings American Chess Promotions ISBN 0 939298 39 2 Giddins Steve 2007 101 Chess Endgame Tips Golden nuggets of endgame wisdom Gambit Publications ISBN 978 1 904600 66 4 Kasparov Garry 2003 My Great Predecessors part I Everyman Chess ISBN 1 85744 330 6 Muller Karsten Lamprecht Frank 2007 Secrets of Pawn Endings Gambit Publications ISBN 978 1 904600 88 6 Muller Karsten Pajeken Wolfgang 2008 How to Play Chess Endings Gambit Publications ISBN 978 1 904600 86 2 Nunn John 2007 Secrets of Practical Chess 2nd ed Gambit Publications ISBN 978 1 904600 70 1Further reading EditFine Reuben Benko Pal 2003 Basic Chess Endings 2nd ed McKay p 11 ISBN 0 8129 3493 8 Flear Glenn 2004 Starting Out Pawn Endgames Everyman Chess p 95 ISBN 1 85744 362 4 Keres Paul 2018 1974 Practical Chess Endings Batsford pp 23 24 ISBN 978 1 84994 495 3 Muller Karsten Lamprecht Frank 2001 Fundamental Chess Endings Gambit Publications p 31 ISBN 1 901983 53 6 Seirawan Yasser 2003 Winning Chess Endings Everyman Chess pp 36 37 ISBN 1 85744 348 9 Speelman Jon 1981 Endgame Preparation Batsford pp 26 27 ISBN 0 7134 4000 7 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Reti endgame study amp oldid 1117505432, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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