fbpx
Wikipedia

Qudshanis

January 21, 2023

Qudshanis,[2][3] "Kochanis"[4] or "Kochanes"[5] (officially Konak, Syriac: ܩܘܕܫܢܝܣ, romanized: Qūdšānīs , Syriac pronunciation: [quˈt͡ʃɑ.nɪs];[6] Kurdish: Qoçanis), is a small village in the Hakkâri District of Hakkâri Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Pinyanişî tribe and population was 19 in 2021.[1][7]

Qudshanis
Konak
Kochanes
Kochanis
Village
The Patriarchal Church of Mar Shalital
Qudshanis
Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 37°39′7″N 43°47′53″E / 37.65194°N 43.79806°E / 37.65194; 43.79806Coordinates: 37°39′7″N 43°47′53″E / 37.65194°N 43.79806°E / 37.65194; 43.79806
CountryTurkey
ProvinceHakkâri
DistrictHakkâri
Population
 (2021)[1]
19
Time zoneTRT (UTC+3)

It was significant in the history of the Church of the East (whose continuation is at the head of what since 1976 has adopted the name of Assyrian Church of the East[8][9]) in that it was the seat of a line of patriarchs for many centuries until mid-1915, when Mar Shimun XIX Benyamin along with the rest of the Assyrians of Hakkari were forced to flee as part of the Sayfo.[2][10]

History

 
Residence of the Patriarch of the Church of the East in Qodshanis
 
A sketch of the interior of the Patriarchal Church of Mar Shalita, from Wigram's The Cradle of Mankind: Life in Eastern Kurdistan. The church is still somewhat intact (although abandoned) to this day.

The village was founded in 1672 by Chaldean Catholics from the city of Amida who, upon settling here, broke off with the Catholic church and founded a new branch of the Church of the East in 1692, ruled by the Shimun line. From that point on the village functioned as the de facto capital of the Assyrian tribes in the region. The government of the Hakkari mountains was that of a tribal confederation, with Assyrian tribes such as the Tyari and Nochiya living in villages across the region, with their own leaders known as maliks (Syriac: ܡܠܟ). The tribes were subservient to the patriarch based in Qodchanis and paid him taxes, which the patriarch then gave to the Ottomans. Therefore, the patriarch functioned as a king of sorts for the Assyrians of the mountains, and his See in Qodchanis functioned as the capital of their confederation. The confederation was in effect almost like a vassal state ruled by the Ottoman Empire, and even then the Assyrians were not subservient to the Sultan, but rather the Patriarch. Upon his declaration of war in 1915, the tribes of the region immediately went into open rebellion against the Turks.[11]

In a relatively isolated area, Qodshanis was for many years cut off from the outside world up until 1829, when a German traveller discovered it. Visitors from the West began arriving as emissaries.[10] One of these emissaries, an Englishman known as William Ainger Wigram, described it in his book The Cradle of Mankind: Life in Eastern Kurdistan (1922):

The village of Qudshanis, which is the residence of the Nestorian or Assyrian Patriarch, Mar Shimun, and the headquarters of his Church, has a marvellous situation. It lies on a sloping alp of rugged pasture, between two mountain torrents which spring from the towering snow-fields to the west of it; and which descend in gradually deepening gorges, enclosing the tongue-shaped plateau on which the village stands. They meet beneath the point of the tongue at the base of a lofty wedge of rock; and thence the united stream flows on, joined by others on its way, till it falls into the Zab some two hours below the village. Nestorian tradition regards the Zab as the Pison [or Pishon/Uizhun], one of the four rivers of Paradise; and the Patriarch will occasionally date his official letters from my cell on the River of the Garden of Eden.[2]

A Chaldean Archbishop of Babylon, that is Prince Nouri, had travelled from this town to Urmiah, which is across the border in Iran. There, he met with Dr. Frederick B. Coan, and told him that during the journey from Kochanis, after making three attempts to find the Ark of Nuh or Noah, he went to it on the 25th of April, 1887.[4]

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b "31 ARALIK 2021 TARİHLİ ADRESE DAYALI NÜFUS KAYIT SİSTEMİ (ADNKS) SONUÇLARI" (XLS). TÜİK (in Turkish). Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  2. ^ a b c Wigram, William Ainger; Wigram, Edgar T. A. (1922). The Cradle of Mankind: Life in Eastern Kurdistan. London: A. & C. Black, Ltd. p. 264.
  3. ^ Wilmshurst, David (2000). The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318–1913. University of Virginia: Peeters. ISBN 9782877235037.
  4. ^ a b Spencer, Lee; Lienard, Jean Luc (2009). "The Search For Noah's Ark". Southwestern Adventist University. Retrieved 2021-01-21.
  5. ^ "Chapter Xvi. Kochanes". Christians Under the Crescent in Asia. Gorgias Press. 2006. pp. 176–187. doi:10.31826/9781463211448-018. ISBN 9781463211448.
  6. ^ Maclean, Arthur John (1901). Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 272a.
  7. ^ Peter Alfred, Andrews; Benninghaus, Rüdiger, eds. (1989). Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey. p. 214.
  8. ^ Baum, Wilhelm; Winkler, Dietmar W. (2003). The Church of the East: A Concise History. London and New York: Routledge. p. 4. ISBN 9781134430192.
  9. ^ Joseph, John (2000). The Modern Assyrians of the Middle East. Leiden: Brill. p. 1. ISBN 9789004116412.
  10. ^ a b Verheij, Jelle (2005). "Patriarchal Church of the "Church of the East", Hakkari". History and historical geography of Turkey and the late Ottoman Empire & Ottoman-Armenian-Kurdish relations before the First World War. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  11. ^ Stafford, Ronald Sempill (2006) [1935]. The Tragedy of the Assyrians. Piscataway, New Jersey: Gorgias Press. ISBN 978-1-59333-413-0..

Sources

External links

  • MarShimun.com
  • Jelle Verheij: Patriarchal Church of the "Church of the East", Hakkari–Description and pictures of the village and the patriarchal church (2005)

January 21, 2023
qudshanis, kochanis, kochanes, officially, konak, syriac, ܩܘܕܫܢܝܣ, romanized, qūdšānīs, syriac, pronunciation, quˈt, ʃɑ, nɪs, kurdish, qoçanis, small, village, hakkâri, district, hakkâri, province, turkey, village, populated, kurds, pinyanişî, tribe, populatio. Qudshanis 2 3 Kochanis 4 or Kochanes 5 officially Konak Syriac ܩܘܕܫܢܝܣ romanized Qudsanis Syriac pronunciation quˈt ʃɑ nɪs 6 Kurdish Qocanis is a small village in the Hakkari District of Hakkari Province Turkey The village is populated by Kurds of the Pinyanisi tribe and population was 19 in 2021 1 7 Qudshanis Konak Kochanes KochanisVillageThe Patriarchal Church of Mar ShalitalQudshanisLocation in TurkeyCoordinates 37 39 7 N 43 47 53 E 37 65194 N 43 79806 E 37 65194 43 79806 Coordinates 37 39 7 N 43 47 53 E 37 65194 N 43 79806 E 37 65194 43 79806CountryTurkeyProvinceHakkariDistrictHakkariPopulation 2021 1 19Time zoneTRT UTC 3 It was significant in the history of the Church of the East whose continuation is at the head of what since 1976 has adopted the name of Assyrian Church of the East 8 9 in that it was the seat of a line of patriarchs for many centuries until mid 1915 when Mar Shimun XIX Benyamin along with the rest of the Assyrians of Hakkari were forced to flee as part of the Sayfo 2 10 Contents 1 History 2 See also 3 References 3 1 Citations 3 2 Sources 4 External linksHistory Edit Residence of the Patriarch of the Church of the East in Qodshanis A sketch of the interior of the Patriarchal Church of Mar Shalita from Wigram s The Cradle of Mankind Life in Eastern Kurdistan The church is still somewhat intact although abandoned to this day The village was founded in 1672 by Chaldean Catholics from the city of Amida who upon settling here broke off with the Catholic church and founded a new branch of the Church of the East in 1692 ruled by the Shimun line From that point on the village functioned as the de facto capital of the Assyrian tribes in the region The government of the Hakkari mountains was that of a tribal confederation with Assyrian tribes such as the Tyari and Nochiya living in villages across the region with their own leaders known as maliks Syriac ܡܠܟ The tribes were subservient to the patriarch based in Qodchanis and paid him taxes which the patriarch then gave to the Ottomans Therefore the patriarch functioned as a king of sorts for the Assyrians of the mountains and his See in Qodchanis functioned as the capital of their confederation The confederation was in effect almost like a vassal state ruled by the Ottoman Empire and even then the Assyrians were not subservient to the Sultan but rather the Patriarch Upon his declaration of war in 1915 the tribes of the region immediately went into open rebellion against the Turks 11 In a relatively isolated area Qodshanis was for many years cut off from the outside world up until 1829 when a German traveller discovered it Visitors from the West began arriving as emissaries 10 One of these emissaries an Englishman known as William Ainger Wigram described it in his book The Cradle of Mankind Life in Eastern Kurdistan 1922 The village of Qudshanis which is the residence of the Nestorian or Assyrian Patriarch Mar Shimun and the headquarters of his Church has a marvellous situation It lies on a sloping alp of rugged pasture between two mountain torrents which spring from the towering snow fields to the west of it and which descend in gradually deepening gorges enclosing the tongue shaped plateau on which the village stands They meet beneath the point of the tongue at the base of a lofty wedge of rock and thence the united stream flows on joined by others on its way till it falls into the Zab some two hours below the village Nestorian tradition regards the Zab as the Pison or Pishon Uizhun one of the four rivers of Paradise and the Patriarch will occasionally date his official letters from my cell on the River of the Garden of Eden 2 A Chaldean Archbishop of Babylon that is Prince Nouri had travelled from this town to Urmiah which is across the border in Iran There he met with Dr Frederick B Coan and told him that during the journey from Kochanis after making three attempts to find the Ark of Nuh or Noah he went to it on the 25th of April 1887 4 See also EditList of Assyrian villages Zagros Mountains Mount JudiReferences EditCitations Edit a b 31 ARALIK 2021 TARIHLI ADRESE DAYALI NUFUS KAYIT SISTEMI ADNKS SONUCLARI XLS TUIK in Turkish Retrieved 16 December 2022 a b c Wigram William Ainger Wigram Edgar T A 1922 The Cradle of Mankind Life in Eastern Kurdistan London A amp C Black Ltd p 264 Wilmshurst David 2000 The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East 1318 1913 University of Virginia Peeters ISBN 9782877235037 a b Spencer Lee Lienard Jean Luc 2009 The Search For Noah s Ark Southwestern Adventist University Retrieved 2021 01 21 Chapter Xvi Kochanes Christians Under the Crescent in Asia Gorgias Press 2006 pp 176 187 doi 10 31826 9781463211448 018 ISBN 9781463211448 Maclean Arthur John 1901 Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac Oxford Clarendon Press p 272a Peter Alfred Andrews Benninghaus Rudiger eds 1989 Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey p 214 Baum Wilhelm Winkler Dietmar W 2003 The Church of the East A Concise History London and New York Routledge p 4 ISBN 9781134430192 Joseph John 2000 The Modern Assyrians of the Middle East Leiden Brill p 1 ISBN 9789004116412 a b Verheij Jelle 2005 Patriarchal Church of the Church of the East Hakkari History and historical geography of Turkey and the late Ottoman Empire amp Ottoman Armenian Kurdish relations before the First World War Retrieved 5 May 2020 Stafford Ronald Sempill 2006 1935 The Tragedy of the Assyrians Piscataway New Jersey Gorgias Press ISBN 978 1 59333 413 0 Sources Edit Baum Wilhelm Winkler Dietmar W 2003 The Church of the East A Concise History London and New York Routledge ISBN 9781134430192 Joseph John 2000 The Modern Assyrians of the Middle East Leiden Brill ISBN 9789004116412 Maclean Arthur John Browne William Henry 1892 The Catholicos of the East and His People London Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge Maclean Arthur John 1901 Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac Oxford Clarendon Press Perkins Justin 1843 A Residence of Eight Years in Persia among the Nestorian Christians with Notices of the Muhammedans Andover Massachusetts Allen Morrill amp Wardwell Stafford Ronald Sempill 2006 1935 The Tragedy of the Assyrians Piscataway New Jersey Gorgias Press ISBN 978 1 59333 413 0 Verheij Jelle 2005 Patriarchal Church of the Church of the East Hakkari History and historical geography of Turkey and the late Ottoman Empire amp Ottoman Armenian Kurdish relations before the First World War Retrieved 5 May 2020 Wigram William Ainger 1910 An Introduction to the History of the Assyrian Church or The Church of the Sassanid Persian Empire 100 640 A D London Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge Wigram William Ainger Wigram Edgar T A 1922 The Cradle of Mankind life in eastern Kurdistan London A amp C Black ltd p 264 Wilmshurst David 2000 The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East 1318 1913 University of Virginia Peeters ISBN 9782877235037 External links EditMarShimun com Jelle Verheij Patriarchal Church of the Church of the East Hakkari Description and pictures of the village and the patriarchal church 2005 Portals Geography Kurdistan Turkey Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Qudshanis amp oldid 1132756408, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.