Abu al-Hasan ʿAbd al-Jabbar ibn Ahmad ibn Khalil ibn ʿAbdallah al-Hamadani al-Asadabadi (935 CE – 1025 CE) was an Islamic jurist and hadith scholar who is remembered as the Qadi al-Qudat (Chief Magistrate) of the Buyid dynasty and the last great scholar of the Mu'tazilite school of Islamic theology, and a reported follower of the Shafi‘i school.[1][2] Abd al-Jabbar means "Servant of al-Jabbar (the Almighty)."[3] The Mu'tazila call him "Qadi al-Qudat" (قاضي القضاة) and do not give this title to anyone else.[4]
He was born in Asadabad near Hamadan, Iran. He settled in Baghdad, until he was invited to Rey in 367 AH/978 CE by its governor, Sahib ibn Abbad, a staunch supporter of the Mu'tazila theological movement . He was appointed chief Qadi of the province. On the death of ibn 'Abbad in 995 CE, Abd al-Jabbar was deposed and arrested by the Buyid Amir, Fakhr al-Dawla, because of a slighting remark made by him about his deceased benefactor. He died later in 415 AH/1025 CE.
Qadi ʿAbd al-Jabbar's magnum opus, the Kitab al-mughni fi abwab al-tawhid wa l-ʿadl (Book of the plenitude on the topics concerning unity and justice), often shortened to al-Mughni, is a comprehensive twenty volume "summa" of Mu'tazilite theology of the same magnitude as St. Thomas Aquinas's Summa Theologica and Summa Contra Gentiles.[1] It presented Mu'tazili thought under the two headings of God's oneness (tawhid) and his justice (adl). He argued that the Ash'arite separation between the eternal speech of God and the created words of the Qur'an made God's will unknowable.
He and his Mu’tazilite circle were contemporaries of Ibn Sina (better known in the West as Avicenna).[5]
Qadi Abd al-Jabbar was the author of more than 70 books.[6]
Kitāb Al-Mughnī Fī Abwāb Al-Tawḥīd wa Al-'Adl ( المغني في أبواب التوحيد والعدل )
Sharḥ to Ibn Khallād's Kitāb al-Uṣūl (which is lost)
Sharḥ al-Uṣūl al-Khamsa (شرح الاصول الخمسة) ('The Explication of the Five Principles'). (While this is lost, this book received commentaries by two Zaydi authors, which have survived.)[7][8]
Tathbit Dala’iledit
Abd Al-Jabbar produced an anti-Christian polemic text Tathbit Dala’il Nubuwwat Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم, (‘The Establishment of Proofs for the Prophethood of Our Master Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم’).[9]
English translationsedit
Critique of Christian Origins: a parallel English-Arabic text, edited, translated, and annotated by Gabriel Said Reynolds and Samir Khalil Samir, Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 2010.
Referencesedit
^ abMartin, Richard; Woodward, Mark; Atmaja, Dwi (1997). Defenders of Reason in Islam: Mu'tazilism from Medieval School to Modern Symbol. Oneworld. p. 49.
^Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Encyclopaedia of the Qurʼān. 2003, volume 3. Page 439. Article by Claude Gilliot.
^Juan Eduardo Campo. Encyclopedia of Islam (2009). Page 515. "The Quran states, “The most beautiful names belong to God (Allah) so call on him by them; but shun such men as use profanity in his names: for what they ... of God), Abd al-Salam (Servant of Peace), or Abd al-Jabbar (Servant of the Powerful)."
^Ruffus, Anthony; McGinnis, Jon (2015-01-28). "Willful Understanding: Avicenna's Philosophy of Action and Theory of the Will" (PDF). Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie. 97 (2): 160–195. doi:10.1515/agph-2015-0007. ISSN 0003-9101.
^Kifayat Ullah, Al-Kashshaf: Al-Zamakhshari's Mu'tazilite Exegesis of the Qur'an, de Gruyter (2017), p. 110
^Lika, Eva-Maria (7 November 2017). Proofs of Prophecy and the Refutation of the Isma'iliyya: The Kitab Ithbat nubuwwat al-nabi by the Zaydi al-Mu'ayyad bi-Ilah al-Haruni (D. 411/1020). ISBN9783110541793.
^Dhanani, Alnoor (July 1, 2014). "Basran Mu'tazilite Theology: Abu 'Ali Muhammad b. Khallad's Kitab al-Usul and Its Reception". The Journal of the American Oriental Society. 134 (3): 548–550. doi:10.7817/jameroriesoci.134.3.548 – via go.gale.com.
W. Madelung. "ʿABD-AL-JABBĀR B. AḤMAD". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
January 01, 1970
qadi, jabbar, hasan, ʿabd, jabbar, ahmad, khalil, ʿabdallah, hamadani, asadabadi, 1025, islamic, jurist, hadith, scholar, remembered, qadi, qudat, chief, magistrate, buyid, dynasty, last, great, scholar, tazilite, school, islamic, theology, reported, follower,. Abu al Hasan ʿAbd al Jabbar ibn Ahmad ibn Khalil ibn ʿAbdallah al Hamadani al Asadabadi 935 CE 1025 CE was an Islamic jurist and hadith scholar who is remembered as the Qadi al Qudat Chief Magistrate of the Buyid dynasty and the last great scholar of the Mu tazilite school of Islamic theology and a reported follower of the Shafi i school 1 2 Abd al Jabbar means Servant of al Jabbar the Almighty 3 The Mu tazila call him Qadi al Qudat قاضي القضاة and do not give this title to anyone else 4 He was born in Asadabad near Hamadan Iran He settled in Baghdad until he was invited to Rey in 367 AH 978 CE by its governor Sahib ibn Abbad a staunch supporter of the Mu tazila theological movement He was appointed chief Qadi of the province On the death of ibn Abbad in 995 CE Abd al Jabbar was deposed and arrested by the Buyid Amir Fakhr al Dawla because of a slighting remark made by him about his deceased benefactor He died later in 415 AH 1025 CE Qadi ʿAbd al Jabbar s magnum opus the Kitab al mughni fi abwab al tawhid wa l ʿadl Book of the plenitude on the topics concerning unity and justice often shortened to al Mughni is a comprehensive twenty volume summa of Mu tazilite theology of the same magnitude as St Thomas Aquinas s Summa Theologica and Summa Contra Gentiles 1 It presented Mu tazili thought under the two headings of God s oneness tawhid and his justice adl He argued that the Ash arite separation between the eternal speech of God and the created words of the Qur an made God s will unknowable He and his Mu tazilite circle were contemporaries of Ibn Sina better known in the West as Avicenna 5 Contents 1 Works 1 1 Tathbit Dala il 1 2 English translations 2 References 3 External linksWorks editQadi Abd al Jabbar was the author of more than 70 books 6 Kitab Al Mughni Fi Abwab Al Tawḥid wa Al Adl المغني في أبواب التوحيد والعدل Sharḥ to Ibn Khallad s Kitab al Uṣul which is lost Sharḥ al Uṣul al Khamsa شرح الاصول الخمسة The Explication of the Five Principles While this is lost this book received commentaries by two Zaydi authors which have survived 7 8 Tathbit Dala il edit Abd Al Jabbar produced an anti Christian polemic text Tathbit Dala il Nubuwwat Sayyidina Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم The Establishment of Proofs for the Prophethood of Our Master Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم 9 English translations edit Critique of Christian Origins a parallel English Arabic text edited translated and annotated by Gabriel Said Reynolds and Samir Khalil Samir Provo Utah Brigham Young University Press 2010 References edit a b Martin Richard Woodward Mark Atmaja Dwi 1997 Defenders of Reason in Islam Mu tazilism from Medieval School to Modern Symbol Oneworld p 49 Jane Dammen McAuliffe Encyclopaedia of the Qurʼan 2003 volume 3 Page 439 Article by Claude Gilliot Juan Eduardo Campo Encyclopedia of Islam 2009 Page 515 The Quran states The most beautiful names belong to God Allah so call on him by them but shun such men as use profanity in his names for what they of God Abd al Salam Servant of Peace or Abd al Jabbar Servant of the Powerful Subki Tabaqat al Shafi iyah Page 220 Ruffus Anthony McGinnis Jon 2015 01 28 Willful Understanding Avicenna s Philosophy of Action and Theory of the Will PDF Archiv fur Geschichte der Philosophie 97 2 160 195 doi 10 1515 agph 2015 0007 ISSN 0003 9101 Kifayat Ullah Al Kashshaf Al Zamakhshari s Mu tazilite Exegesis of the Qur an de Gruyter 2017 p 110 Lika Eva Maria 7 November 2017 Proofs of Prophecy and the Refutation of the Isma iliyya The Kitab Ithbat nubuwwat al nabi by the Zaydi al Mu ayyad bi Ilah al Haruni D 411 1020 ISBN 9783110541793 Dhanani Alnoor July 1 2014 Basran Mu tazilite Theology Abu Ali Muhammad b Khallad s Kitab al Usul and Its Reception The Journal of the American Oriental Society 134 3 548 550 doi 10 7817 jameroriesoci 134 3 548 via go gale com Abd al Jabbar Tathbit dalailal nubuwwa ed A Uthman 2 vols Beirut 1966External links editW Madelung ʿABD AL JABBAR B AḤMAD Encyclopaedia Iranica Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Al Qadi Abd al Jabbar amp oldid 1210870921, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
