Macro-Puinavean is a hypothetical proposal linking some very poorly attested languages to the Nadahup family.[1] The Puinave language is sometimes linked specifically with the Nadahup languages and Nukak-Kakwa group, as Puinave–Maku. Paul Rivet (1920) and other researchers proposed decades ago the hypothesis of a Puinave-Makú family.[2] Later, Joseph Greenberg (1987) grouped the Puinave-Makú languages, together with the Tucano family, the Katukinan, Waorani and Ticuna languages in the Macro-Tukano trunk.[3]
Punave-Maku and the Máku language (Maku of Auari) is sometimes connected to the Arutani–Sape languages (yet again also known as Maku) in a Kalianan branch, a connection which Kaufman (1990) finds "promising", but there is too little data on these languages to know for sure.[4]Hodï has been proposed specifically as a sister of Puinave–Maku too.[5]
Kaufman (1994: 60, 2007: 67–68) also adds Katukinan to the family.[6][7]
For the Puinave-Nadahup languages, Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Tupian, Harakmbet, Katukina-Katawixi, Arawak, and Karaja language families due to contact, pointing to an origin of Proto-Puinave-Nadahup in the Madeira River basin.[8]: 439
Criticismedit
Epps (2008)[1] criticizes the Puinave–Nadahup proposal for relying on inaccurate data, having no clear concept of basic vocabulary, and using an unsystematic mix of Nadahup languages in the comparison. The languages were originally linked simply because they are all called Maku "babble" by Arawakans; that is, because they are spoken by hunter-gatherers.
Since then, some linguists have attempted to verify the connection by finding cognates. However, no convincing cognates have yet been found. For example, Rivet and Tastevin claim that the Hup pronoun am "I" corresponds to Puinave am "I", but the Hup pronoun ’am means "you"; the Hup pronoun for "I" is ’ãh. Other "strikingly similar" pairs, such as Puinave ueyu "day" and Hup uerhó (wæd.hɔ́) "sun", are not particularly convincing, and no regular sound correspondences have been detected.
On other hand, Martins (1999 and 2005) argues that it is possible to relate "eastern Makú" languages with the Nukak-Kakwa group, but he does not find evidence of the relationship with Puinave.[9][10] Girón (2008) postulates a genetic relationship of the piave with proto-maku, but also the existence of another phone substrate that is not yet known.[11]
^ abPatience Epps, 2008. A Grammar of Hup. Mouton de Gruyter.
^Rivet, Paul et Constant Tastevin 1920: "Affinités du Makú et du Puinave"; Journal de la Société des Américanistes de París, n.s. t XII: 69-82. París.
^Greenberg, Joseph H. 1956: "The general classification of Central and South American languages"; Men and cultures. Selected papers of the 5th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences: 791—794. Anthony F. Wallace ed. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 1960.
^Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.), Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages (pp. 13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN0-292-70414-3.
^Henley, Paul; Marie-Claude Mattéi-Müller y Howard Reid 1996: "Cultural and linguistic affinities of the foraging people of North Amazonia: a new perspective"; Antropológica83: 3-37. Caracas.
^Kaufman, Terrence. 2007. South America. In: R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley (eds.), Atlas of the World’s Languages (2nd edition), 59–94. London: Routledge.
^Kaufman, Terrence. (1994). The native languages of South America. In C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (pp. 46–76). London: Routledge.
^Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2016). Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas (Ph.D. dissertation) (2 ed.). Brasília: University of Brasília.
^ Martins, Silvana and Valteir Martins (1999) "Makú". In R. M. W. Dixon and Alexandra Aikhenvald (eds.) The Amazonian Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pag. 251-268.
^Martins, Valteir 2005: Reconstrução fonológica do Protomaku oriental. Utrecht: LOT Dissertation Series, 104. (Doctoral dissertation, Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics) ISBN 90-76864-71-3.
^Girón Higuita, Jesús Mario (2008) Una Gramática del Wãênsöjöt (Puinave) (Doctoral dissertation, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam). Utrecht: LOT. p. 439. ISBN978-90-78328-59-9.
macro, puinavean, languages, macro, puinavean, hypothetical, proposal, linking, some, very, poorly, attested, languages, nadahup, family, puinave, language, sometimes, linked, specifically, with, nadahup, languages, nukak, kakwa, group, puinave, maku, paul, ri. Macro Puinavean is a hypothetical proposal linking some very poorly attested languages to the Nadahup family 1 The Puinave language is sometimes linked specifically with the Nadahup languages and Nukak Kakwa group as Puinave Maku Paul Rivet 1920 and other researchers proposed decades ago the hypothesis of a Puinave Maku family 2 Later Joseph Greenberg 1987 grouped the Puinave Maku languages together with the Tucano family the Katukinan Waorani and Ticuna languages in the Macro Tukano trunk 3 Macro Puinavean dubious GeographicdistributionAmazonLinguistic classificationProposed language familySubdivisionsNadahup Puinave Nukak Kakwa Arutani Sape Kalianan Maku Hodi KatukinanGlottologNonePunave Maku and the Maku language Maku of Auari is sometimes connected to the Arutani Sape languages yet again also known as Maku in a Kalianan branch a connection which Kaufman 1990 finds promising but there is too little data on these languages to know for sure 4 Hodi has been proposed specifically as a sister of Puinave Maku too 5 Kaufman 1994 60 2007 67 68 also adds Katukinan to the family 6 7 Contents 1 Language contact 2 Criticism 3 See also 4 ReferencesLanguage contact editFor the Puinave Nadahup languages Jolkesky 2016 notes that there are lexical similarities with the Tupian Harakmbet Katukina Katawixi Arawak and Karaja language families due to contact pointing to an origin of Proto Puinave Nadahup in the Madeira River basin 8 439 Criticism editEpps 2008 1 criticizes the Puinave Nadahup proposal for relying on inaccurate data having no clear concept of basic vocabulary and using an unsystematic mix of Nadahup languages in the comparison The languages were originally linked simply because they are all called Maku babble by Arawakans that is because they are spoken by hunter gatherers Since then some linguists have attempted to verify the connection by finding cognates However no convincing cognates have yet been found For example Rivet and Tastevin claim that the Hup pronoun am I corresponds to Puinave am I but the Hup pronoun am means you the Hup pronoun for I is ah Other strikingly similar pairs such as Puinave ueyu day and Hup uerho waed hɔ sun are not particularly convincing and no regular sound correspondences have been detected On other hand Martins 1999 and 2005 argues that it is possible to relate eastern Maku languages with the Nukak Kakwa group but he does not find evidence of the relationship with Puinave 9 10 Giron 2008 postulates a genetic relationship of the piave with proto maku but also the existence of another phone substrate that is not yet known 11 See also editArutani Sape languages Naduhup languagesReferences edit a b Patience Epps 2008 A Grammar of Hup Mouton de Gruyter Rivet Paul et Constant Tastevin 1920 Affinites du Maku et du Puinave Journal de la Societe des Americanistes de Paris n s t XII 69 82 Paris Greenberg Joseph H 1956 The general classification of Central and South American languages Men and cultures Selected papers of the 5th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences 791 794 Anthony F Wallace ed University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia 1960 Kaufman Terrence 1990 Language history in South America What we know and how to know more In D L Payne Ed Amazonian linguistics Studies in lowland South American languages pp 13 67 Austin University of Texas Press ISBN 0 292 70414 3 Henley Paul Marie Claude Mattei Muller y Howard Reid 1996 Cultural and linguistic affinities of the foraging people of North Amazonia a new perspective Antropologica 83 3 37 Caracas Kaufman Terrence 2007 South America In R E Asher and Christopher Moseley eds Atlas of the World s Languages 2nd edition 59 94 London Routledge Kaufman Terrence 1994 The native languages of South America In C Mosley amp R E Asher Eds Atlas of the world s languages pp 46 76 London Routledge Jolkesky Marcelo Pinho de Valhery 2016 Estudo arqueo ecolinguistico das terras tropicais sul americanas Ph D dissertation 2 ed Brasilia University of Brasilia Martins Silvana and Valteir Martins 1999 Maku In R M W Dixon and Alexandra Aikhenvald eds The Amazonian Languages Cambridge Cambridge University Press pag 251 268 Martins Valteir 2005 Reconstrucao fonologica do Protomaku oriental Utrecht LOT Dissertation Series 104 Doctoral dissertation Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics ISBN 90 76864 71 3 Giron Higuita Jesus Mario 2008 Una Gramatica del Waensojot Puinave Doctoral dissertation Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Utrecht LOT p 439 ISBN 978 90 78328 59 9 nbsp This article related to the Indigenous languages of the Americas is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Macro Puinavean languages amp oldid 1115280810, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
