In linguistics, a proparoxytone (Greek: προπαροξύτονος, proparoxýtonos) is a word with stress on the antepenultimate (third last) syllable, such as the English words "cinema" and "operational". Related concepts are paroxytone (stress on the penultimate syllable) and oxytone (stress on the last syllable).
In English, most nouns of three or more syllables are proparoxytones, except in words ending in –tion or –sion, which tend to be paroxytones (operation, equivocation). This tendency is so strong in English that it frequently leads to the stress on derived words being on different part of the root. For example, the root photograph gives rise to the nouns photography and photographer, family → familiar and familial. (In many dialects of English, the i in family is even deleted entirely, and still has the stress in familial and familiar.)
In medieval Latin lyric poetry, a proparoxytonic line or half-line is one where the antepenultimate syllable is stressed, as in the first half of the verse "Estuans intrinsecus || ira vehementi."
Mentions in literatureEdit
Ernst Robert Curtius offers an interesting use of the term in a footnote (Ch. 8, n. 33) of his European Literature in the Latin Middle Ages. He is commenting on this passage from Smaragdus of Saint-Mihiel's didactic poem on grammar:
Partibus inferior jacet interiectio cunctis
Ultima namque sedet et sine laude manet.
Here is Curtius' note:
Sad is the lot of the interjection, for of all the parts of speech it has the lowest place. There is none to praise it." On the way from Latin to French, the penultimate syllable of the proparoxytone succumbed. Mallarmé was so touched by this that he wrote a prose poem on the "Death of the Penultimate" (Le Démon de l'analogie in Divagations). It ends: Je m'enfuis, bizarre, personne condamnée à porter probablement le deuil de l'explicable Penultième. (Eerie, I flee: likely some (no-)one doomed to wear weeds for the explainable second-last.)
proparoxytone, linguistics, proparoxytone, greek, προπαροξύτονος, proparoxýtonos, word, with, stress, antepenultimate, third, last, syllable, such, english, words, cinema, operational, related, concepts, paroxytone, stress, penultimate, syllable, oxytone, stre. In linguistics a proparoxytone Greek proparo3ytonos proparoxytonos is a word with stress on the antepenultimate third last syllable such as the English words cinema and operational Related concepts are paroxytone stress on the penultimate syllable and oxytone stress on the last syllable In English most nouns of three or more syllables are proparoxytones except in words ending in tion or sion which tend to be paroxytones operation equivocation This tendency is so strong in English that it frequently leads to the stress on derived words being on different part of the root For example the root photograph gives rise to the nouns photography and photographer family familiar and familial In many dialects of English the i in family is even deleted entirely and still has the stress in familial and familiar In medieval Latin lyric poetry a proparoxytonic line or half line is one where the antepenultimate syllable is stressed as in the first half of the verse Estuans intrinsecus ira vehementi Mentions in literature EditErnst Robert Curtius offers an interesting use of the term in a footnote Ch 8 n 33 of his European Literature in the Latin Middle Ages He is commenting on this passage from Smaragdus of Saint Mihiel s didactic poem on grammar Partibus inferior jacet interiectio cunctis Ultima namque sedet et sine laude manet Here is Curtius note Sad is the lot of the interjection for of all the parts of speech it has the lowest place There is none to praise it On the way from Latin to French the penultimate syllable of the proparoxytone succumbed Mallarme was so touched by this that he wrote a prose poem on the Death of the Penultimate Le Demon de l analogie in Divagations It ends Je m enfuis bizarre personne condamnee a porter probablement le deuil de l explicable Penultieme Eerie I flee likely some no one doomed to wear weeds for the explainable second last See also EditBarytone Oxytone Paroxytone Penult Perispomenon Properispomenon Stress linguistics nbsp This phonology article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This article about the Ancient Greek language is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Proparoxytone amp oldid 1177137403, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
