Maria Fortunata d'Este (24 November 1731 – 21 September 1803) was a Modenese princess by birth and a princess du sang by marriage. By her marriage to Louis François Joseph de Bourbon, Prince of Conti, her first cousin, she became the Countess of La Marche and later the Princess of Conti; and was a member of the French court of King Louis XV and King Louis XVI. She was the last Princess of Conti, and died without issue.
Maria Fortunata was known to have been very pious and at the same time rather timid but charming. Her mother separated from her father in the 1740s after an affair with the Duke of Richelieu was discovered at the Modenese court. Exiled to France, Charlotte Aglaé still managed to help arrange the marriages of two of her daughters. The eldest Maria Teresa Felicitas married her second cousin, the Duke of Penthièvre, the wealthiest man in France and the future in laws of Philippe Égalité. Maria Fortunata also married a cousin, Louis François Joseph de Bourbon, the heir to the Prince of Conti.
Marriage
As the heir of his father, her husband was known by the courtesy title of comte de La Marche at court. The marriage contract was signed in Milan on 3 January 1759 by the French ambassador to the court of Turin. A wedding by proxy took place in Milan on 7 February of the same year. It was celebrated in person on the 27th of February at Nangis-en-Brie in France. Maria Fortunata's father settled upon her a dowry of one million livres. In addition, upon her arrival in France, her husband was given a gift of 150,000 livres from King Louis XV. The young comtesse de La Marche was presented to the King, the Queen and the rest of the royal family on 5 March 1759 by the Dowager Princess of Conti, her husbands widowed grandmother as well as her mothers own first cousin. The couple did not get along and never had any children. Many at court said this state of affairs was due to the influence of her husband's mistress, Marie Anne Véronèse, known as Mademoiselle Coraline. Véronèse had been a dancer at an Italian theatre. Louis François and his mistress had two illegitimate children together, born in 1761 and 1767. In 1768, Maria Fortunata was asked to present her niece Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Penthièvre, to the King and the court. Her niece would eventually marry Louis Philippe Joseph d'Orléans, Duke of Chartres, the future Philipe Égalité, in April 1769.
In 1770, the marriage of the Dauphin of France, the future Louis XVI, and the Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria took place. Marie Fortunée, as she was known in France, and her husband were one of twelve couples invited to dine with the newlyweds in the Opéra of the Palace of Versailles, which had been constructed for the royal wedding.
In 1776, Marie Fortunée's father-in-law died making her husband the head of the House of Conti. Pious, discreet and very cultured, Marie Fortunée was not destined to be part of the new Queen's inner circle at Versailles. She maintained very good relations with her brother-in-law, the Duke of Penthièvre, who had lost his wife in 1754. She also got on well with her two nieces, the Princess of Lamballe and the future Duchess of Orléans.
The Conti couple officially separated in 1777 even though they had lived apart since 1775. In 1780, Marie Fortunée acquired the Château de Triel, a place which would become her favourite haunt. During the crisis of 1789, when the Estates General was called at Versailles, Marie Fortunée supported the royal family and even took part in a march to the Church of Saint Louis. She later escaped revolutionary France under the name of the comtesse de Triel. After first taking refuge in Brussels, Marie Fortunée eventually settled in Chambéry, then a part of the Kingdom of Sardinia. In 1791, she moved, this time to Fribourg which was a small village in Switzerland known for its large settlement of émigrés. The town also had strong religious ties, another attraction for the pious princess.
In 1794, she let her great-niece Adélaïde d'Orléans stay with her after her escape from France. Adélaïde's mother, the duchesse d'Orléans, had been imprisoned in the Luxembourg Palace in Paris. The elderly Marie Fortunée and Adélaïde d'Orléans set up a new home in Bavaria. During the spring of 1800, the pair and their household were forced to flee again to Hungary in oder to avoid the hostilities of Napoleon. It was while in Hungary that she received another visit from her niece, Maria Beatrice. The princess was the heiress of Marie Fortunée's elder brother, who had lost the duchies of Modena and Reggio in 1796 as a result of the Napoleonic creation of the Cispadane Republic.
Death
1801 saw the reunion of Adélaïde d'Orléans and her mother, the now dowager Duchess of Orléans, in Barcelona after her release from prison and exile from France. Later, Marie Fortunée decided to retire to the Convent of the Visitation in Venice. She moved to the convent on 19 October with three of her maids and her faithful friend, the comtesse des Roches, who had accompanied the princess all throughout her exile in Europe. A victim of pleurisy, the princess died on 21 September 1803 at the age of seventy-one. She was buried in the chapel of the convent. Her brother, Ercole III of Modena, and her sister, Matilde d'Este, are also buried there.
The comtesse des Roches died some time after Marie Fortunée and was also buried there. Marie Fortunée's husband died in 1814.
^Bertin, Georges. "Full text of Madame de Lamballe". Archive.org. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
^Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 86.
External links
Media related to Maria Fortunata d'Este at Wikimedia Commons
March 04, 2023
princess, maria, fortunata, este, maria, fortunata, este, november, 1731, september, 1803, modenese, princess, birth, princess, sang, marriage, marriage, louis, françois, joseph, bourbon, prince, conti, first, cousin, became, countess, marche, later, princess,. Maria Fortunata d Este 24 November 1731 21 September 1803 was a Modenese princess by birth and a princess du sang by marriage By her marriage to Louis Francois Joseph de Bourbon Prince of Conti her first cousin she became the Countess of La Marche and later the Princess of Conti and was a member of the French court of King Louis XV and King Louis XVI She was the last Princess of Conti and died without issue Maria Fortunata d EstePosthumous portrait by Hortense Haudebourt Lescot 1836 Princess of ContiTenure2 August 1776 21 September 1803Born 1731 11 24 24 November 1731Ducal Palace ModenaDied21 September 1803 1803 09 21 aged 71 Venice ItalyBurialConvent of the Visitation VeniceSpouseLouis Francois Joseph de BourbonNamesMaria Fortunata d EsteFatherFrancesco III d Este Duke of ModenaMotherCharlotte Aglae d OrleansReligionRoman CatholicismSignature Contents 1 Biography 2 Marriage 3 Princess of Conti 3 1 Exile 3 2 Death 4 Ancestry 5 References 6 External linksBiography EditShe was born at the Ducal Palace of Modena the fourth daughter and eighth child of Francesco III d Este Duke of Modena the Sovereign Duke of Modena and his young wife Charlotte Aglae d Orleans Mademoiselle de Valois granddaughter of Louis XIV of France and Madame de Montespan Her older sister Maria Teresa was her eldest surviving sibling followed by her brother the future Ercole III d Este Duke of Modena The rest of her siblings would die unmarried Maria Fortunata was known to have been very pious and at the same time rather timid but charming Her mother separated from her father in the 1740s after an affair with the Duke of Richelieu was discovered at the Modenese court Exiled to France Charlotte Aglae still managed to help arrange the marriages of two of her daughters The eldest Maria Teresa Felicitas married her second cousin the Duke of Penthievre the wealthiest man in France and the future in laws of Philippe Egalite Maria Fortunata also married a cousin Louis Francois Joseph de Bourbon the heir to the Prince of Conti Marriage EditAs the heir of his father her husband was known by the courtesy title of comte de La Marche at court The marriage contract was signed in Milan on 3 January 1759 by the French ambassador to the court of Turin A wedding by proxy took place in Milan on 7 February of the same year It was celebrated in person on the 27th of February at Nangis en Brie in France Maria Fortunata s father settled upon her a dowry of one million livres In addition upon her arrival in France her husband was given a gift of 150 000 livres from King Louis XV The young comtesse de La Marche was presented to the King the Queen and the rest of the royal family on 5 March 1759 by the Dowager Princess of Conti her husbands widowed grandmother as well as her mothers own first cousin The couple did not get along and never had any children Many at court said this state of affairs was due to the influence of her husband s mistress Marie Anne Veronese known as Mademoiselle Coraline Veronese had been a dancer at an Italian theatre Louis Francois and his mistress had two illegitimate children together born in 1761 and 1767 In 1768 Maria Fortunata was asked to present her niece Louise Marie Adelaide de Bourbon Mademoiselle de Penthievre to the King and the court Her niece would eventually marry Louis Philippe Joseph d Orleans Duke of Chartres the future Philipe Egalite in April 1769 In 1770 the marriage of the Dauphin of France the future Louis XVI and the Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria took place Marie Fortunee as she was known in France and her husband were one of twelve couples invited to dine with the newlyweds in the Opera of the Palace of Versailles which had been constructed for the royal wedding Princess of Conti Edit Este in 1768 by Carmontelle Maria Fortunata s arms as Princess of Conti In 1776 Marie Fortunee s father in law died making her husband the head of the House of Conti Pious discreet and very cultured Marie Fortunee was not destined to be part of the new Queen s inner circle at Versailles She maintained very good relations with her brother in law the Duke of Penthievre who had lost his wife in 1754 She also got on well with her two nieces the Princess of Lamballe and the future Duchess of Orleans While at the French court in 1784 she met Gustav III of Sweden styled incognito as the Count of Haga who was a guest at the Hotel de Toulouse and later on she met Prince Henry of Prussia brother of Frederick the Great She also met her niece Maria Beatrice d Este and her husband Archduke Ferdinand of Austria in 1786 The latter pair were styled as the Count and Countess of Nettembourg Ferdinand was a son of Empress Maria Theresa 1 Exile Edit The Conti couple officially separated in 1777 even though they had lived apart since 1775 In 1780 Marie Fortunee acquired the Chateau de Triel a place which would become her favourite haunt During the crisis of 1789 when the Estates General was called at Versailles Marie Fortunee supported the royal family and even took part in a march to the Church of Saint Louis She later escaped revolutionary France under the name of the comtesse de Triel After first taking refuge in Brussels Marie Fortunee eventually settled in Chambery then a part of the Kingdom of Sardinia In 1791 she moved this time to Fribourg which was a small village in Switzerland known for its large settlement of emigres The town also had strong religious ties another attraction for the pious princess In 1794 she let her great niece Adelaide d Orleans stay with her after her escape from France Adelaide s mother the duchesse d Orleans had been imprisoned in the Luxembourg Palace in Paris The elderly Marie Fortunee and Adelaide d Orleans set up a new home in Bavaria During the spring of 1800 the pair and their household were forced to flee again to Hungary in oder to avoid the hostilities of Napoleon It was while in Hungary that she received another visit from her niece Maria Beatrice The princess was the heiress of Marie Fortunee s elder brother who had lost the duchies of Modena and Reggio in 1796 as a result of the Napoleonic creation of the Cispadane Republic Death Edit 1801 saw the reunion of Adelaide d Orleans and her mother the now dowager Duchess of Orleans in Barcelona after her release from prison and exile from France Later Marie Fortunee decided to retire to the Convent of the Visitation in Venice She moved to the convent on 19 October with three of her maids and her faithful friend the comtesse des Roches who had accompanied the princess all throughout her exile in Europe A victim of pleurisy the princess died on 21 September 1803 at the age of seventy one She was buried in the chapel of the convent Her brother Ercole III of Modena and her sister Matilde d Este are also buried there The comtesse des Roches died some time after Marie Fortunee and was also buried there Marie Fortunee s husband died in 1814 Ancestry EditAncestors of Princess Maria Fortunata d Este 2 16 Alfonso III d Este Duke of Modena8 Francesco I d Este Duke of Modena17 Isabella of Savoy4 Rinaldo d Este Duke of Modena18 Taddeo Barberini Prince of Palestrina9 Lucrezia Barberini19 Anna Colonna2 Francesco III d Este Duke of Modena20 George Duke of Brunswick Calenberg10 John Frederick Duke of Brunswick Calenberg21 Anne Eleonore of Hesse Darmstadt5 Charlotte of Brunswick22 Edward Count Palatine of Simmern11 Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate23 Anne Gonzaga1 Maria Fortunata d Este24 Louis XIII of France12 Philippe I Duke of Orleans25 Anne of Austria6 Philippe II Duke of Orleans26 Charles I Louis Elector Palatine13 Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate27 Charlotte of Hesse Kassel3 Charlotte Aglae of Orleans28 Louis XIII of France 24 14 Louis XIV of France29 Anne of Austria 25 7 Francoise Marie de Bourbon30 Gabriel de Rochechouart duc de Mortemart15 Madame de Montespan31 Diane de GrandseigneReferences Edit Bertin Georges Full text of Madame de Lamballe Archive org Retrieved 2009 11 26 Genealogie ascendante jusqu au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l Europe actuellement vivans Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living in French Bourdeaux Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel 1768 p 86 External links Edit Media related to Maria Fortunata d Este at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Princess Maria Fortunata d 27Este amp oldid 1134029334, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
