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Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw

Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw is a 1988 American animated musical adventure film based on the Tonka toy line and the Hanna-Barbera television series of the same name, which aired around the same time.[3] It was directed by Pierre DeCelles, and stars the voices of Brennan Howard, B.J. Ward and Tony Longo. This was the only animated feature film produced by Carolco Pictures as well as the first animated film distributed by TriStar Pictures.

Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw
Theatrical release poster
Directed byPierre DeCelles
Written by
Based onPound Puppies
by Tonka
Produced by
Starring
Edited byJohn Blizek
Music by
Production
companies
Distributed byTri-Star Pictures
Release date
  • March 18, 1988 (1988-03-18)
Running time
77 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$6 million[1]
Box office$586,938[2]

The Legend of Big Paw was the final theatrically released animated feature from the late 1980s to promote a major toy line, a common trend in the American cartoon industry of the time. The film received negative reviews from critics and film fans alike during its original release in 1988, and was dismissed as a box office disaster.

Plot

On the way to the museum with his niece and nephew, Whopper tells them about the origin of Puppy Power, the ability of humankind to communicate with the Pound Puppies and Purries.

In the Dark Ages (specifically the 950s AD), a boy named Arthur and his dog Digalot came across a stone which contained both the mythical sword Excalibur and the magical Bone of Scone. While Arthur pulled the sword from the stone, Digalot pulled the Bone of Scone from the stone, and soon afterward Arthur and Digalot discovered that they could now understand one another. Sir McNasty, the Black Knight, who had witnessed the withdrawals and Arthur's coronation as King of England, planned to conquer the world by retrieving the Bone. However, it was kept hidden by the giant guardian, Big Paw.

In the 1950s, the Bone of Scone is in a museum in an unnamed American city. Pound owners Tammy and Jeff hold a press conference to announce that the pound will be holding an adoption bazaar in commemoration of the Bone's thousand-year anniversary. Marvin McNasty, a descendant of Sir McNasty, arrives at the pound, wishing to adopt some puppies. Whopper discovers McNasty's true intentions: McNasty will use his Mean Machine to transform the puppies into vicious guard dogs, steal the Bone of Scone, and use its power and his canine army to conquer the world. Whopper attempts to warn his friends, but their leader, Cooler, a descendant of Diaglot, does not believe him. Whopper then follows McNasty's henchmen as they attempt to steal the Bone of Scone, but they accidentally break it in two; this results in the loss of Puppy Power. Whopper takes one half of the Bone with him back to the pound, only for the henchmen to kidnap him and Collette and take the half of the Bone. Cooler and the rest of the Pound Puppies head out to rescue them and retrieve the stolen half.

Collette and Whopper escape from McNasty's lab, and briefly reunite with the rest of the Puppies. However, McNasty's henchmen recapture them. The Puppies give chase, but nearly all of them end up in a rat-infested cave, hanging on a rope, before the Purries pull them up to safety. The Puppies and Purries continue looking for their friends. When they get caught in a patch of mire, they are saved by the legendary Big Paw, who agrees to help them.

When the Puppies try to enter McNasty's house, they are captured and transformed into guard dogs, save for Cooler, who escapes by posing as a Purry, as McNasty is allergic to cats. Big Paw brings him and the Purries back to town to stop the evil trio, who have taken over the pound and dug their way into the museum where the villains glue the Bone back together, restoring Puppy Power. Big Paw and Cooler arrive, and the rest of the Puppies are turned back to normal when they hear the words "I love you". McNasty and his henchmen try to escape with the Bone, but Big Paw and Cooler chase them back to the museum, where the Mean Machine turns the villains into good men. Big Paw and Nose Marie retrieve the Bone of Scone.

Whopper and his niece and nephew find themselves in the museum. The Bone of Scone has returned for another visit, and Whopper introduces Big Paw as a surprise for the young ones, who did not believe before that he was real.

Cast

Pound Puppies and Pound Purries
  • Brennan Howard as Cooler, a beagle who is the leader of the Pound Puppies, and teams up with the other Puppies and Purries to help solve the mystery of the Bone of Scone.
    • Howard also voices Digalot, an ancestor of Cooler who is owned by King Arthur. Digalot pulls out the Bone of Scone in the Dark Ages segment.
    • Ashley Hall provides Cooler's singing voice.
  • Ruth Buzzi as Nose Marie, a bloodhound who has a very keen sense of smell, and always "knows what the nose knows".
  • Hal Rayle as Howler, a Jack Russell Terrier who is an inventor who always utters out his namesake, and helps spread the word about the "puppynapping" with his "Grapevine".
    • Rayle also voices Reflex, a Schnoodle/Old English sheepdog mix who turns lovesick whenever a bell rings, kissing everyone he meets and shouting "I love you!" every time, and is later on used to turn the other Puppies back to normal.
    • Frank Welker provides his howling vocals.
  • B.J. Ward as Whopper, a mischievous Golden Retriever Pupling who gets into trouble with Marvin McNasty. As a grown-up, he shares the story of Puppy Power to his niece and nephew at the beginning and end of the film.
  • Nancy Cartwright as Bright Eyes, a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel who is the cheerleader among the group, and stamps out papers during the Adoption Bazaar as the film ends.
  • Cathy Cavadini as Collette, an American Cocker Spaniel and a mother of six Puplings. Along with Whopper, she gets kidnapped by McNasty. Her Puplings come to the rescue later in the film.
  • Greg Berg as Beamer, a happy-go-lucky Scottish terrier.
  • Susan Silo as Florence, an Australian Cattle Dog nurse who announces, and attends to, the birth of Colette's Puplings.
  • Tony Longo as Big Paw, a Newfoundland/Old English sheepdog mix who is the ages-old guardian of the Bone of Scone. He is introduced to the dogs and cats as a lonely puppy who is homeless and has no friends.
    • Mark Vieha provides Big Paw's singing voice.
  • Frank Welker and Cathy Cavadini as Hairball and Charlamange, respectively. They are the Pound Purries featured in the film.
Humans
  • George Rose as Marvin McNasty, the film's villain, and a descendant of Sir McNasty. Like his ancestors, he has always wanted to conquer the world with the Bone. He is also allergic to cats.
    • Rose also voices Sir McNasty, an evil knight from the Dark Ages segment.
  • Wayne Scherzer and Frank Welker as Lumpy and Bones, respectively. They are McNasty's two clumsy henchmen.
  • Janice Kawaye and Joey Dedio as Tammy and Jeff, two teenagers who run the Puppies' Pound and the Adoption Bazaar.
  • James Swodec as King Arthur, a boy who pulls Excalibur out of the stone in the Dark Ages segment.

Music

The film's music was directed by Steve Tyrell, with an original score by Richard Kosinski, Sam Winans, Bill Reichenbach Jr., Ashley Hall and Bob Mann. The six musical numbers, influenced by popular songs and standards from the 1950s and after,[4]: 209  were composed by Ashley Hall and Tyrell, written by Stephanie Tyrell, and recorded at the Tyrell-Mann and Tempo Recording Studios in Los Angeles.

Title Based on Performer(s)
"At the Pound" "At the Hop" Ashley Hall
"Now That You're Here" Cathy Cavadini
"The King of Everything" "Riot in Cell Block Number 9" George Rose
"All in Your Mind" "Who Do You Love?" Ashley Hall
"I'm a Puppy Too" "Duke of Earl" Mark Vieha
"Puppy Power's Back" "Jailhouse Rock" Cast

Production

Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw was produced by Carolco Pictures and Atlantic/Kushner-Locke along with The Maltese Companies, financed by Tonka, the original owners of the Pound Puppies franchise, and distributed by TriStar Pictures.[5] The film's director, Pierre DeCelles, was also an art director and directing storyboard artist.

According to DeCelles, production took five and a half months, starting in the fall of 1987.[6] The first two and a half months were spent on preparing its layouts and storyboards, and the remaining time on the animation, backgrounds and shooting. The overseas work was done by Wang Film Productions and Cuckoo’s Nest Studio, two Taiwanese companies known for their contributions to children's animated television series.

The film's animation and character design were different from the Hanna-Barbera series, and did not contribute to the latter's continuity. A new set of characters were introduced for the film: Pound Puppies Collette, Beamer and Reflex, and the Pound Purries Hairball and Charlamange, along with two teenagers, Tammy and Jeff, that replaced the 11-year-old Holly.

Release

During its short theatrical run, The Legend of Big Paw played mainly in matinees[7] and only grossed US$586,938.[8] The film was Carolco's sole family feature, and distributor TriStar's only animated feature until The Trumpet of the Swan (2001). It was among the last in a line of 1980s animated productions for the big screen which featured established toy properties as their main characters. Previous examples included films based on the Care Bears, My Little Pony and Transformers.[4]: xv–xx 

Reception

Critical response was negative during its initial run. The Hollywood trade magazine, Variety, called it "uninvolving and endlessly derivative".[4]: 209  The Sacramento Bee deemed it "miserably drawn" in comparison to what Disney was offering at the time,[9] and the San Francisco Chronicle gave it an "empty chair" rating.[10] A reviewer in the Detroit Free Press found it "dull and unoriginal", but praised the songs that were written for it.[11]

Martha Baker of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch also denounced it and began her review thus:

If you're in your 40th year and not your fourth, Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw requires the extra dosage of insulin reserved for such treks into celluloid and commercial [sweetness]. But even 4-year-olds have trouble swallowing this cartoon whole.[5]

Writing for The Animated Movie Guide by animation expert Jerry Beck, Stuart Fisher gave one star out of four, and saw the film's artistic quality as "a mixed bag". "[While] the backgrounds are somewhat imaginative and colorful, the character animation is flat and lifeless. Rapid cuts to new angles of the same shot seem to try to cover up limitations of the animation technique," he continued.[4]: 209  Moreover, Fisher and The Philadelphia Inquirer took note of its purpose as a toy commercial,[12] a trend that was prevalent in the animation industry during the late 1980s.

Home media

Family Home Entertainment, a division of International Video Entertainment, distributor of Carolco's library, released Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw on the VHS format on September 14, 1989.[citation needed] Its successor, Lionsgate, released a region 1 DVD on October 24, 2006.[13] Like the Hanna-Barbera TV series before it, the film also enjoyed airplay on the Disney Channel during the early to mid-1990s.[14]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved 2022-10-01.
  2. ^ Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw at Box Office Mojo
  3. ^ Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. p. 199. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d Beck, Jerry (2005). The Animated Movie Guide. Chicago Reader Press. ISBN 1-55652-591-5.
  5. ^ a b Baker, Martha (April 4, 1988). "Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw". St. Louis Post Dispatch. p. 8e.
  6. ^ Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw – Index to Motion Picture Credits at AMPAS site. Retrieved January 5, 2007. February 6, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ Sharkey, Betsy (March 28, 1988). "Pound Puppies: A Hair-Raising Promotional Tale". Adweek. A/S/M Communications, Inc.
  8. ^ "Box office information for Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved September 22, 2006.
  9. ^ "Pound Puppies Draws on the Power of Love". The Sacramento Bee. March 31, 1988.
  10. ^ Stack, Peter (March 28, 1988). "Pound Puppies Come Up Short – No Sale". San Francisco Chronicle. p. D4.
  11. ^ "Lots of Bark, But No Bite". Detroit Free Press. April 3, 1988.
  12. ^ "Pound Puppy Tale Plus Pound Soundtrack". The Philadelphia Inquirer. March 26, 1988.
  13. ^ VIDEO PREVIEW: Week's top video debuts offer plenty of chills and thrills (2006, October 24). Retrieved December 27, 2006, from Las Vegas Review-Journal site.
  14. ^ They're back! Galoob Toys to relaunch $600 million brand of the 80s – Pound Puppies 2011-06-16 at the Wayback Machine (1995, July 11). Business Wire Magazine. Retrieved May 18, 2007.

External links

pound, puppies, legend, 1988, american, animated, musical, adventure, film, based, tonka, line, hanna, barbera, television, series, same, name, which, aired, around, same, time, directed, pierre, decelles, stars, voices, brennan, howard, ward, tony, longo, thi. Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw is a 1988 American animated musical adventure film based on the Tonka toy line and the Hanna Barbera television series of the same name which aired around the same time 3 It was directed by Pierre DeCelles and stars the voices of Brennan Howard B J Ward and Tony Longo This was the only animated feature film produced by Carolco Pictures as well as the first animated film distributed by TriStar Pictures Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big PawTheatrical release posterDirected byPierre DeCellesWritten byJim CarlsonTerrence McDonnellBased onPound Puppiesby TonkaProduced byDonald KushnerPeter LockeStarringBrennan HowardB J WardNancy CartwrightTony LongoEdited byJohn BlizekMusic byRichard KosinskiSam WinansBill Reichenbach Jr Ashley HallBob MannProductioncompaniesCarolco PicturesAtlantic Kushner LockeThe Maltese CompaniesCuckoo s Nest StudioWang Film ProductionsTonkaDistributed byTri Star PicturesRelease dateMarch 18 1988 1988 03 18 Running time77 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishBudget 6 million 1 Box office 586 938 2 The Legend of Big Paw was the final theatrically released animated feature from the late 1980s to promote a major toy line a common trend in the American cartoon industry of the time The film received negative reviews from critics and film fans alike during its original release in 1988 and was dismissed as a box office disaster Contents 1 Plot 2 Cast 3 Music 4 Production 5 Release 5 1 Reception 5 2 Home media 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksPlot EditOn the way to the museum with his niece and nephew Whopper tells them about the origin of Puppy Power the ability of humankind to communicate with the Pound Puppies and Purries In the Dark Ages specifically the 950s AD a boy named Arthur and his dog Digalot came across a stone which contained both the mythical sword Excalibur and the magical Bone of Scone While Arthur pulled the sword from the stone Digalot pulled the Bone of Scone from the stone and soon afterward Arthur and Digalot discovered that they could now understand one another Sir McNasty the Black Knight who had witnessed the withdrawals and Arthur s coronation as King of England planned to conquer the world by retrieving the Bone However it was kept hidden by the giant guardian Big Paw In the 1950s the Bone of Scone is in a museum in an unnamed American city Pound owners Tammy and Jeff hold a press conference to announce that the pound will be holding an adoption bazaar in commemoration of the Bone s thousand year anniversary Marvin McNasty a descendant of Sir McNasty arrives at the pound wishing to adopt some puppies Whopper discovers McNasty s true intentions McNasty will use his Mean Machine to transform the puppies into vicious guard dogs steal the Bone of Scone and use its power and his canine army to conquer the world Whopper attempts to warn his friends but their leader Cooler a descendant of Diaglot does not believe him Whopper then follows McNasty s henchmen as they attempt to steal the Bone of Scone but they accidentally break it in two this results in the loss of Puppy Power Whopper takes one half of the Bone with him back to the pound only for the henchmen to kidnap him and Collette and take the half of the Bone Cooler and the rest of the Pound Puppies head out to rescue them and retrieve the stolen half Collette and Whopper escape from McNasty s lab and briefly reunite with the rest of the Puppies However McNasty s henchmen recapture them The Puppies give chase but nearly all of them end up in a rat infested cave hanging on a rope before the Purries pull them up to safety The Puppies and Purries continue looking for their friends When they get caught in a patch of mire they are saved by the legendary Big Paw who agrees to help them When the Puppies try to enter McNasty s house they are captured and transformed into guard dogs save for Cooler who escapes by posing as a Purry as McNasty is allergic to cats Big Paw brings him and the Purries back to town to stop the evil trio who have taken over the pound and dug their way into the museum where the villains glue the Bone back together restoring Puppy Power Big Paw and Cooler arrive and the rest of the Puppies are turned back to normal when they hear the words I love you McNasty and his henchmen try to escape with the Bone but Big Paw and Cooler chase them back to the museum where the Mean Machine turns the villains into good men Big Paw and Nose Marie retrieve the Bone of Scone Whopper and his niece and nephew find themselves in the museum The Bone of Scone has returned for another visit and Whopper introduces Big Paw as a surprise for the young ones who did not believe before that he was real Cast EditPound Puppies and Pound PurriesBrennan Howard as Cooler a beagle who is the leader of the Pound Puppies and teams up with the other Puppies and Purries to help solve the mystery of the Bone of Scone Howard also voices Digalot an ancestor of Cooler who is owned by King Arthur Digalot pulls out the Bone of Scone in the Dark Ages segment Ashley Hall provides Cooler s singing voice Ruth Buzzi as Nose Marie a bloodhound who has a very keen sense of smell and always knows what the nose knows Hal Rayle as Howler a Jack Russell Terrier who is an inventor who always utters out his namesake and helps spread the word about the puppynapping with his Grapevine Rayle also voices Reflex a Schnoodle Old English sheepdog mix who turns lovesick whenever a bell rings kissing everyone he meets and shouting I love you every time and is later on used to turn the other Puppies back to normal Frank Welker provides his howling vocals B J Ward as Whopper a mischievous Golden Retriever Pupling who gets into trouble with Marvin McNasty As a grown up he shares the story of Puppy Power to his niece and nephew at the beginning and end of the film Nancy Cartwright as Bright Eyes a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel who is the cheerleader among the group and stamps out papers during the Adoption Bazaar as the film ends Cathy Cavadini as Collette an American Cocker Spaniel and a mother of six Puplings Along with Whopper she gets kidnapped by McNasty Her Puplings come to the rescue later in the film Greg Berg as Beamer a happy go lucky Scottish terrier Susan Silo as Florence an Australian Cattle Dog nurse who announces and attends to the birth of Colette s Puplings Tony Longo as Big Paw a Newfoundland Old English sheepdog mix who is the ages old guardian of the Bone of Scone He is introduced to the dogs and cats as a lonely puppy who is homeless and has no friends Mark Vieha provides Big Paw s singing voice Frank Welker and Cathy Cavadini as Hairball and Charlamange respectively They are the Pound Purries featured in the film HumansGeorge Rose as Marvin McNasty the film s villain and a descendant of Sir McNasty Like his ancestors he has always wanted to conquer the world with the Bone He is also allergic to cats Rose also voices Sir McNasty an evil knight from the Dark Ages segment Wayne Scherzer and Frank Welker as Lumpy and Bones respectively They are McNasty s two clumsy henchmen Janice Kawaye and Joey Dedio as Tammy and Jeff two teenagers who run the Puppies Pound and the Adoption Bazaar James Swodec as King Arthur a boy who pulls Excalibur out of the stone in the Dark Ages segment Music EditThe film s music was directed by Steve Tyrell with an original score by Richard Kosinski Sam Winans Bill Reichenbach Jr Ashley Hall and Bob Mann The six musical numbers influenced by popular songs and standards from the 1950s and after 4 209 were composed by Ashley Hall and Tyrell written by Stephanie Tyrell and recorded at the Tyrell Mann and Tempo Recording Studios in Los Angeles Title Based on Performer s At the Pound At the Hop Ashley Hall Now That You re Here Cathy Cavadini The King of Everything Riot in Cell Block Number 9 George Rose All in Your Mind Who Do You Love Ashley Hall I m a Puppy Too Duke of Earl Mark Vieha Puppy Power s Back Jailhouse Rock CastProduction EditPound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw was produced by Carolco Pictures and Atlantic Kushner Locke along with The Maltese Companies financed by Tonka the original owners of the Pound Puppies franchise and distributed by TriStar Pictures 5 The film s director Pierre DeCelles was also an art director and directing storyboard artist According to DeCelles production took five and a half months starting in the fall of 1987 6 The first two and a half months were spent on preparing its layouts and storyboards and the remaining time on the animation backgrounds and shooting The overseas work was done by Wang Film Productions and Cuckoo s Nest Studio two Taiwanese companies known for their contributions to children s animated television series The film s animation and character design were different from the Hanna Barbera series and did not contribute to the latter s continuity A new set of characters were introduced for the film Pound Puppies Collette Beamer and Reflex and the Pound Purries Hairball and Charlamange along with two teenagers Tammy and Jeff that replaced the 11 year old Holly Release EditDuring its short theatrical run The Legend of Big Paw played mainly in matinees 7 and only grossed US 586 938 8 The film was Carolco s sole family feature and distributor TriStar s only animated feature until The Trumpet of the Swan 2001 It was among the last in a line of 1980s animated productions for the big screen which featured established toy properties as their main characters Previous examples included films based on the Care Bears My Little Pony and Transformers 4 xv xx Reception Edit Critical response was negative during its initial run The Hollywood trade magazine Variety called it uninvolving and endlessly derivative 4 209 The Sacramento Bee deemed it miserably drawn in comparison to what Disney was offering at the time 9 and the San Francisco Chronicle gave it an empty chair rating 10 A reviewer in the Detroit Free Press found it dull and unoriginal but praised the songs that were written for it 11 Martha Baker of the St Louis Post Dispatch also denounced it and began her review thus If you re in your 40th year and not your fourth Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw requires the extra dosage of insulin reserved for such treks into celluloid and commercial sweetness But even 4 year olds have trouble swallowing this cartoon whole 5 Writing for The Animated Movie Guide by animation expert Jerry Beck Stuart Fisher gave one star out of four and saw the film s artistic quality as a mixed bag While the backgrounds are somewhat imaginative and colorful the character animation is flat and lifeless Rapid cuts to new angles of the same shot seem to try to cover up limitations of the animation technique he continued 4 209 Moreover Fisher and The Philadelphia Inquirer took note of its purpose as a toy commercial 12 a trend that was prevalent in the animation industry during the late 1980s Home media Edit Family Home Entertainment a division of International Video Entertainment distributor of Carolco s library released Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw on the VHS format on September 14 1989 citation needed Its successor Lionsgate released a region 1 DVD on October 24 2006 13 Like the Hanna Barbera TV series before it the film also enjoyed airplay on the Disney Channel during the early to mid 1990s 14 See also EditList of American films of 1988 List of animated feature length films Pound PuppiesReferences Edit Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw catalog afi com Retrieved 2022 10 01 Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw at Box Office Mojo Lenburg Jeff 1999 The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons Checkmark Books p 199 ISBN 0 8160 3831 7 Retrieved 6 June 2020 a b c d Beck Jerry 2005 The Animated Movie Guide Chicago Reader Press ISBN 1 55652 591 5 a b Baker Martha April 4 1988 Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw St Louis Post Dispatch p 8e Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw Index to Motion Picture Credits at AMPAS site Retrieved January 5 2007 Archived February 6 2012 at the Wayback Machine Sharkey Betsy March 28 1988 Pound Puppies A Hair Raising Promotional Tale Adweek A S M Communications Inc Box office information for Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw Box Office Mojo Retrieved September 22 2006 Pound Puppies Draws on the Power of Love The Sacramento Bee March 31 1988 Stack Peter March 28 1988 Pound Puppies Come Up Short No Sale San Francisco Chronicle p D4 Lots of Bark But No Bite Detroit Free Press April 3 1988 Pound Puppy Tale Plus Pound Soundtrack The Philadelphia Inquirer March 26 1988 VIDEO PREVIEW Week s top video debuts offer plenty of chills and thrills 2006 October 24 Retrieved December 27 2006 from Las Vegas Review Journal site They re back Galoob Toys to relaunch 600 million brand of the 80s Pound Puppies Archived 2011 06 16 at the Wayback Machine 1995 July 11 Business Wire Magazine Retrieved May 18 2007 External links EditPound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw at IMDb Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw at The Big Cartoon DataBase Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw at Box Office Mojo Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw at Rotten Tomatoes Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw amp oldid 1134098397, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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