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Placostylus

January 01, 1970

Placostylus, or flax snails, are a genus of very large, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Bothriembryontidae.[3][2]

Placostylus
A shell of the subspecies Placostylus ambagiosus priscus
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Stylommatophora
Superfamily: Orthalicoidea
Family: Bothriembryontidae
Subfamily: Placostylinae
Genus: Placostylus
Beck, 1837[1]
Type species
Limax fibratus Martyn, 1784
Synonyms[2]
  • Bulimus (Placostylus) H. Beck, 1837 (original rank)
  • Maoristylus F. Haas, 1935
  • Placostylus (Maoristylus) Haas, 1935

The shells of the snails in this genus can be as large as 4.5 inches (11 cm) in maximum dimension.

Many species within this genus are now extinct.

Taxonomy edit

Placostylus is the type genus of the family Placostylidae.[4] It was placed within Placostylidae.[4]

Breure et al. (2010)[5] moved Prestonella and Bothriembryon to Placostylidae. Subsequently, Breure & Romero (2012)[3] confirmed previous results from 2010 and they renamed Placostylidae to Bothriembryontidae.[3]

Distribution edit

This genus of snails occurs in the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Lord Howe Island, and Northland in New Zealand. There are three species in New Zealand and no subspecies.[6]

Species edit

In former classification, two subgenera were recognized: subgenus Basileostylus Haas, 1935[7][8] subgenus Maoristylus Haas, 1935[9][8]

Species within this genus include:

Synonyms
  • Placostylus albersi Dautzenberg & Bouge in Dautzenberg, 1923: synonym of Placostylus fibratus souvillei (Morelet, 1857) (nom. nov. pro Placostylus eximius Albers not Reeve)
  • Placostylus alexander (Crosse, 1855): synonym of Placostylus fibratus alexander (Crosse, 1855)
  • Placostylus alienus Pilsbry, 1893: synonym of Santacharis fuligineus (L. Pfeiffer, 1854) (original combination; junior synonym)
  • Placostylus annibal (Souverbie, 1869): synonym of Placostylus caledonicus (Petit, 1845) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus bavayi (Crosse & Marie, 1868): synonym of Placostylus eddystonensis bavayi (Crosse & Marie, 1868)
  • Placostylus bollonsi Suter, 1908[8][6] - New Zealand flax snail: synonym of Basileostylus bollonsi (Suter, 1908)
  • Placostylus calus E. A. Smith, 1892: synonym of Eumecostylus calus (E. A. Smith, 1892) (original combination)
  • Placostylus cleryi (Petit de la Saussage, 1850): synonym of Eumecostylus cleryi (Petit de la Saussaye, 1850)
  • Placostylus cuniculinsulae Cox, 1872: synonym of Placostylus bivaricosus (Gaskoin, 1855) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus dorseyi Dall, 1910: synonym of Partula grisea Lesson, 1831
  • Placostylus duplex (Gassies, 1871): synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus porphyrostomus (L. Pfeiffer, 1853)
  • Placostylus dupuyi Kobelt, 1890: synonym of Placostylus eddystonensis bavayi (Crosse & Marie, 1868) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus falcicula (Gassies, 1871): synonym of Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn, 1784)
  • Placostylus founaki (Rousseau, 1854): synonym of Placocharis founaki (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1847)
  • Placostylus francoisi Mabille, 1895: synonym of Poecilocharis bicolor (Hartman, 1889) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus gizoensis Clench, 1941: synonym of Placostylus bivaricosus (Gaskoin, 1855) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus goulvainensis Kobelt, 1891: synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus smithii Kobelt, 1891 (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus guestieri (Gassies, 1869): synonym of Placostylus fibratus guestieri (Gassies, 1869)
  • Placostylus guppyi E. A. Smith, 1892: synonym of Placocharis guppyi (E. A. Smith, 1892) (original combination)
  • Placostylus hienguensis Crosse, 1871: synonym of Placostylus eddystonensis (L. Pfeiffer, 1855) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus houailouensis Dautzenberg, 1901: synonym of Placostylus fibratus alexander (Crosse, 1855) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus kanalensis (L. Pfeiffer, 1877): synonym of Placostylus fibratus alexander (Crosse, 1855) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus layardi Kobelt, 1891: synonym of Placostylus bondeensis rossiteri (Brazier, 1881) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus leucolenus Crosse, 1896: synonym of Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn, 1784)
  • Placostylus loyaltyensis (Souverbie, 1879): synonym of Leucocharis loyaltyensis (Souverbie, 1879)
  • Placostylus manni Clapp, 1923: synonym of Placocharis manni (Clapp, 1923) (basionym)
  • Placostylus mariei (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1867): synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus mariei (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1867)
  • Placostylus miltocheilus Reeve, 1848: synonym of Aspastus miltocheilus (Reeve, 1848)
  • Placostylus ouveanus (Mousson, 1869): synonym of Placostylus fibratus ouveanus (Mousson, 1869)
  • Placostylus palmarum (Mousson, 1869): synonym of Placocharis palmarum (Mousson, 1869)
  • Placostylus paravicinianus B. Rensch, 1934: synonym of Placocharis paravicinianus (B. Rensch, 1934) (original combination)
  • Placostylus pseudocaledonicus (Montrouzier in Crosse, 1859): synonym of Placostylus scarabus (Albers, 1854) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus pyrostomus (L. Pfeiffer, 1860): synonym of Santacharis salomonis (L. Pfeiffer, 1852) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus remotus Hedley, 1898: synonym of Partula remota (Hedley, 1898) (original combination)
  • Placostylus sanchristovalensis (Cox, 1870): synonym of Eumecostylus sanchristovalensis (Cox, 1870)
  • Placostylus savesi Crosse, 1886: synonym of Placostylus eddystonensis savesi Crosse, 1886
  • Placostylus saxtoni Kobelt, 1891: synonym of Placostylus caledonicus (Petit, 1845) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus scottii (Cox, 1873): synonym of Eumecostylus scottii (Cox, 1873)
  • Placostylus seemanni (Dohrn, 1861): synonym of Euplacostylus seemanni (Dohrn, 1861)
  • Placostylus singularis (Morelet, 1857): synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus porphyrostomus (L. Pfeiffer, 1853) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus sinistrorsa (Crosse, 1884): synonym of Placostylus fibratus ouveanus (Mousson, 1869) (based on unavailable original name)
  • Placostylus smithii Kobelt, 1891: synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus smithii Kobelt, 1891 (basionym)
  • Placostylus souvillei (Morelet, 1857): synonym of Placostylus fibratus souvillei (Morelet, 1857)
  • Placostylus stutchburyi (L. Pfeiffer, 1860): synonym of Placocharis stutchburyi (L. Pfeiffer, 1860)
  • Placostylus superfasciatus (Gassies, 1871): synonym of Placostylus fibratus fibratus (Martyn, 1784) (junior synonym)
  • Placostylus unicus B. Rensch, 1934: synonym of Eumecostylus unicus (B. Rensch, 1934) (original combination)

References edit

  1. ^ Beck H. H. (1837). Index Moll. Mus. Ch. Fred. (1): 57.
  2. ^ a b MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Placostylus H. Beck, 1837. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818479 on 2020-11-14
  3. ^ a b c Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde: International Journal of Malacology 141(1): 1-20. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020.
  4. ^ a b Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. 47 (1–2). Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks: 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
  5. ^ Breure A. S. H., Groenenberg D. S. J. & Schilthuizen M. (2010). "New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) based on 28S sequence data". Basteria 74(1-3): 25-31.
  6. ^ a b c d Buckley T. R., Stringer I., Gleeson D., Howitt R., Attanayake D., Parrish R., Sherley G. & Rohan M. (2011). "A revision of the New Zealand Placostylus land snails using mitochondrial DNA and shell morphometric analyses, with implications for conservation". New Zealand Journal of Zoology 38(1): 55-81. doi:10.1080/03014223.2010.527997.
  7. ^ Haas (1935). Zool. Anz. 109: 189.
  8. ^ a b c d e "Class Gastropoda". New Zealand Mollusca, accessed 26 December 2010.
  9. ^ Haas (1935). Zool. Anz. 109: 188.
  10. ^ Ponder W. F., Colgan D. J., Gleeson D. M. & Sherley G. H. (2003). "Relationships of Placostylus from Lord Howe Island: an investigation using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene". Molluscan Research 23(2): 159-178. doi:10.1071/MR03001
  11. ^ ICZN (1992). "Opinion 1662. Limax fibratus Martyn, 1784 and Nerita hebraea Martyn, 1786 (currently Placostylus fibratus and Nerita hebraea; Mollusca, Gastropoda): specific names conserved; and Placostylus Beck, 1837; L. fibratus designated as the type species". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 49: 74-75.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Placostylus.
 
Wikispecies has information related to Placostylus.
  • Fabrice M. Brescia, Christine M. Pöllabauer, Murray A. Potter & Alastair W. Robertson, A review of the ecology and conservation of Placostylus (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Bulimulidae) in New Caledonia; Molluscan Research 28(2): 111–122; ISSN 1323-5818
  • Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
  • Flax snail on Department of Conservation (New Zealand) website

January 01, 1970
placostylus, flax, snails, genus, very, large, breathing, land, snails, terrestrial, pulmonate, gastropod, molluscs, family, bothriembryontidae, shell, subspecies, ambagiosus, priscus, scientific, classification, domain, eukaryota, kingdom, animalia, phylum, m. Placostylus or flax snails are a genus of very large air breathing land snails terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the family Bothriembryontidae 3 2 Placostylus A shell of the subspecies Placostylus ambagiosus priscus Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Subclass Heterobranchia Order Stylommatophora Superfamily Orthalicoidea Family Bothriembryontidae Subfamily Placostylinae Genus PlacostylusBeck 1837 1 Type species Limax fibratus Martyn 1784 Synonyms 2 Bulimus Placostylus H Beck 1837 original rank Maoristylus F Haas 1935 Placostylus Maoristylus Haas 1935 The shells of the snails in this genus can be as large as 4 5 inches 11 cm in maximum dimension Many species within this genus are now extinct Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Distribution 3 Species 4 References 5 External linksTaxonomy editPlacostylus is the type genus of the family Placostylidae 4 It was placed within Placostylidae 4 Breure et al 2010 5 moved Prestonella and Bothriembryon to Placostylidae Subsequently Breure amp Romero 2012 3 confirmed previous results from 2010 and they renamed Placostylidae to Bothriembryontidae 3 Distribution editThis genus of snails occurs in the Solomon Islands Vanuatu New Caledonia Fiji Lord Howe Island and Northland in New Zealand There are three species in New Zealand and no subspecies 6 Species editIn former classification two subgenera were recognized subgenus Basileostylus Haas 1935 7 8 subgenus Maoristylus Haas 1935 9 8 Species within this genus include Placostylus abbreviatus Gassies 1871 Placostylus ambagiosus Suter 1906 8 6 Placostylus bivaricosus Gaskoin 1855 10 Placostylus bondeensis Crosse amp Souverbie 1869 Placostylus caledonicus Petit 1845 Placostylus eddystonensis Pfeiffer 1855 Placostylus fibratus Martyn 1789 type species 11 Placostylus hongii Lesson 1830 8 6 Placostylus founaki Hombron amp Jacquinot 1853 synonym of Placocharis founaki Hombron amp Jacquinot 1847 Placostylus fraterculus Rensch 1934 Placostylus gracilis Broderip 1840 Placostylus leoni Haas 1935 Placostylus porphyrostomus Pfeiffer 1851 Placostylus priscus Powell 1938 Placostylus salomonis Pfeiffer 1853 Placostylus scarabus Albers 1854 Placostylus senilis Gassies 1869 Synonyms Placostylus albersi Dautzenberg amp Bouge in Dautzenberg 1923 synonym of Placostylus fibratus souvillei Morelet 1857 nom nov pro Placostylus eximius Albers not Reeve Placostylus alexander Crosse 1855 synonym of Placostylus fibratus alexander Crosse 1855 Placostylus alienus Pilsbry 1893 synonym of Santacharis fuligineus L Pfeiffer 1854 original combination junior synonym Placostylus annibal Souverbie 1869 synonym of Placostylus caledonicus Petit 1845 junior synonym Placostylus bavayi Crosse amp Marie 1868 synonym of Placostylus eddystonensis bavayi Crosse amp Marie 1868 Placostylus bollonsi Suter 1908 8 6 New Zealand flax snail synonym of Basileostylus bollonsi Suter 1908 Placostylus calus E A Smith 1892 synonym of Eumecostylus calus E A Smith 1892 original combination Placostylus cleryi Petit de la Saussage 1850 synonym of Eumecostylus cleryi Petit de la Saussaye 1850 Placostylus cuniculinsulae Cox 1872 synonym of Placostylus bivaricosus Gaskoin 1855 junior synonym Placostylus dorseyi Dall 1910 synonym of Partula grisea Lesson 1831 Placostylus duplex Gassies 1871 synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus porphyrostomus L Pfeiffer 1853 Placostylus dupuyi Kobelt 1890 synonym of Placostylus eddystonensis bavayi Crosse amp Marie 1868 junior synonym Placostylus falcicula Gassies 1871 synonym of Placostylus fibratus fibratus Martyn 1784 Placostylus founaki Rousseau 1854 synonym of Placocharis founaki Hombron amp Jacquinot 1847 Placostylus francoisi Mabille 1895 synonym of Poecilocharis bicolor Hartman 1889 junior synonym Placostylus gizoensis Clench 1941 synonym of Placostylus bivaricosus Gaskoin 1855 junior synonym Placostylus goulvainensis Kobelt 1891 synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus smithii Kobelt 1891 junior synonym Placostylus guestieri Gassies 1869 synonym of Placostylus fibratus guestieri Gassies 1869 Placostylus guppyi E A Smith 1892 synonym of Placocharis guppyi E A Smith 1892 original combination Placostylus hienguensis Crosse 1871 synonym of Placostylus eddystonensis L Pfeiffer 1855 junior synonym Placostylus houailouensis Dautzenberg 1901 synonym of Placostylus fibratus alexander Crosse 1855 junior synonym Placostylus kanalensis L Pfeiffer 1877 synonym of Placostylus fibratus alexander Crosse 1855 junior synonym Placostylus layardi Kobelt 1891 synonym of Placostylus bondeensis rossiteri Brazier 1881 junior synonym Placostylus leucolenus Crosse 1896 synonym of Placostylus fibratus fibratus Martyn 1784 Placostylus loyaltyensis Souverbie 1879 synonym of Leucocharis loyaltyensis Souverbie 1879 Placostylus manni Clapp 1923 synonym of Placocharis manni Clapp 1923 basionym Placostylus mariei Crosse amp P Fischer 1867 synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus mariei Crosse amp P Fischer 1867 Placostylus miltocheilus Reeve 1848 synonym of Aspastus miltocheilus Reeve 1848 Placostylus ouveanus Mousson 1869 synonym of Placostylus fibratus ouveanus Mousson 1869 Placostylus palmarum Mousson 1869 synonym of Placocharis palmarum Mousson 1869 Placostylus paravicinianus B Rensch 1934 synonym of Placocharis paravicinianus B Rensch 1934 original combination Placostylus pseudocaledonicus Montrouzier in Crosse 1859 synonym of Placostylus scarabus Albers 1854 junior synonym Placostylus pyrostomus L Pfeiffer 1860 synonym of Santacharis salomonis L Pfeiffer 1852 junior synonym Placostylus remotus Hedley 1898 synonym of Partula remota Hedley 1898 original combination Placostylus sanchristovalensis Cox 1870 synonym of Eumecostylus sanchristovalensis Cox 1870 Placostylus savesi Crosse 1886 synonym of Placostylus eddystonensis savesi Crosse 1886 Placostylus saxtoni Kobelt 1891 synonym of Placostylus caledonicus Petit 1845 junior synonym Placostylus scottii Cox 1873 synonym of Eumecostylus scottii Cox 1873 Placostylus seemanni Dohrn 1861 synonym of Euplacostylus seemanni Dohrn 1861 Placostylus singularis Morelet 1857 synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus porphyrostomus L Pfeiffer 1853 junior synonym Placostylus sinistrorsa Crosse 1884 synonym of Placostylus fibratus ouveanus Mousson 1869 based on unavailable original name Placostylus smithii Kobelt 1891 synonym of Placostylus porphyrostomus smithii Kobelt 1891 basionym Placostylus souvillei Morelet 1857 synonym of Placostylus fibratus souvillei Morelet 1857 Placostylus stutchburyi L Pfeiffer 1860 synonym of Placocharis stutchburyi L Pfeiffer 1860 Placostylus superfasciatus Gassies 1871 synonym of Placostylus fibratus fibratus Martyn 1784 junior synonym Placostylus unicus B Rensch 1934 synonym of Eumecostylus unicus B Rensch 1934 original combination References edit Beck H H 1837 Index Moll Mus Ch Fred 1 57 a b MolluscaBase eds 2020 MolluscaBase Placostylus H Beck 1837 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 818479 on 2020 11 14 a b c Breure A S H amp Romero P 2012 Support and surprises molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction Gastropoda Stylommatophora Archiv fur Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology 141 1 1 20 doi 10 1127 arch moll 1869 0963 141 001 020 a b Bouchet Philippe Rocroi Jean Pierre Fryda Jiri Hausdorf Bernard Ponder Winston Valdes Angel amp Waren Anders 2005 Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families Malacologia 47 1 2 Hackenheim Germany ConchBooks 1 397 ISBN 3 925919 72 4 ISSN 0076 2997 Breure A S H Groenenberg D S J amp Schilthuizen M 2010 New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea Gastropoda Stylommatophora based on 28S sequence data Basteria 74 1 3 25 31 a b c d Buckley T R Stringer I Gleeson D Howitt R Attanayake D Parrish R Sherley G amp Rohan M 2011 A revision of the New Zealand Placostylus land snails using mitochondrial DNA and shell morphometric analyses with implications for conservation New Zealand Journal of Zoology 38 1 55 81 doi 10 1080 03014223 2010 527997 Haas 1935 Zool Anz 109 189 a b c d e Class Gastropoda New Zealand Mollusca accessed 26 December 2010 Haas 1935 Zool Anz 109 188 Ponder W F Colgan D J Gleeson D M amp Sherley G H 2003 Relationships of Placostylus from Lord Howe Island an investigation using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene Molluscan Research 23 2 159 178 doi 10 1071 MR03001 ICZN 1992 Opinion 1662 Limax fibratus Martyn 1784 and Nerita hebraea Martyn 1786 currently Placostylus fibratus and Nerita hebraea Mollusca Gastropoda specific names conserved and Placostylus Beck 1837 L fibratus designated as the type species Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 49 74 75 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Placostylus nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Placostylus Fabrice M Brescia Christine M Pollabauer Murray A Potter amp Alastair W Robertson A review of the ecology and conservation of Placostylus Mollusca Gastropoda Bulimulidae in New Caledonia Molluscan Research 28 2 111 122 ISSN 1323 5818 Powell A W B New Zealand Mollusca William Collins Publishers Ltd Auckland New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0 00 216906 1 Flax snail on Department of Conservation New Zealand website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Placostylus amp oldid 1180460823, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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