Pirot rug[a], Pirot carpet or Pirot ćilim (Serbian Cyrillic: Пиротски ћилим, romanized: Pirotski ćilim) refers to a variety of flat tapestry- woven rugs traditionally produced in Pirot, a town in southeastern Serbia. The Pirot kilim is often referred as one of the national symbols of Serbia.[1] While Pirot is the historic center for the production of this carpet style, the Pirot rug is part of a broader history of Balkan rug making, with Pirot style carpets traditionally found across the region, from modern-day Bosnia to Turkey. The Turkish name for the town of Pirot, Şarköy, has also given the name "sarkoy" or "sharkoy" to carpets of the same style produced in modern-day Turkey,[2] while the adjacent town of Chiprovtsi across the border in Bulgaria has become recognized as another important center for this same carpet tradition.
Pirot Ćilim with the ornament Rašićeva ploča.
Pirot kilim making is the skill of making rugs on a vertical loom. The skill is used in the production of woollen kilims, decorated with various geometric, vegetal and figural ornaments.[1] Today's authentic tapestry has developed under the influence of Oriental[3] Rug-making in Pirot is included on the list Intangible cultural heritage of Serbia.[1] Together with Chiprovtsi carpets, the Pirot kilims are considered as part of a regional center of carpet weaving native to this mountain region of Eastern Serbia and Western Bulgaria.[4] An example of the patterns from the last periods is the Model of Rašič (Serbian Cyrillic: Рашичева шара, romanized: Rašičeva šara) which was based on ćilim brought by Serbian general Mihailo Rašič.[4]
Pirot kilims with some 122 ornaments and 96 different types have been protected by geographical indication in 2002. They are one of the most important traditional handicrafts in Serbia. In the late 19th century and up to the Second World War, Pirot kilims have been frequently used as insignia of Serbian royalty. This tradition was revived in 2011 when Pirot kilims were reintroduced for state ceremonies in Serbia.[citation needed]
Carpet weaving in Pirot dates back to the Middle Ages.[5] One of the first mentions of the Pirot kilim in written sources date to 1565, when it was said that the šajkaši boats on the Danube and Drava were covered with Pirot kilims.[6][better source needed]
Pirot was once the most important rug-making centre in the Balkans.[2] Pirot is located on the historical main highway which linked central Europe with Constantinople.[2] An interesting characteristic of some Pirot style carpets is the inscription of the Serbian or Bulgarian weaver and the year in which the carpet was weaved.[4]
Today many classical examples of Pirot kilims can be found throughout Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia, Turkey, and in many other international collections.[2] One of the chief qualities are the effects achieved through the choice and arrangement of colours.[2] In the beginning of the 19th century plant dyes were replaced by aniline colourings.[2]
"The best product of the country is the Pirot carpet, worth about ten shillings a square metre. The designs are extremely pretty, and the rugs, without being so heavy as the Persian, or so ragged and scant in the web and woof as Caramanian, wear for ever. The manufacture of these is almost entirely confined to Pirot,"[7]
From Pirot's old Turkish signification as Şarköy stems the traditional trade name of the rugs as Şarköy-kilims. Stemming from the homonym to the present-day Turkish settlement of Şarköy in Thrace, which had no established rug making tradition, Şarköys are often falsely ascribed to originate from Thrace. Also in the rug selling industry, Şarköy are mostly labeled as being of oriental or Turkish origin as to easier sell them to non familiar customers as they prefer rug with putative oriental origin. In fact, Şarköys have been established from the 17th century in the region of the Western Balkan or Stara Planina mountains in the towns of Pirot, Berkowiza, Lom, Chiprovtsi and Samokow. Later they were also produced in Knjaževac and Caribrod.[citation needed]
The Serbian name is Pirotski ćilim (Пиротски ћилим); in English "Pirot carpet", "Pirot kilim" and "Pirot rug"; in Turkish "Şarköy kilimleri". The carpet varieties are also referred to as "Thracian", "Serbian" or "Sarköy" rugs, in foreign literature.[2]
^ abcdefghMuseum of Applied Art, Belgrade. . Belgrade. Archived from the original on 2015-06-10. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
^Bratislava Idvorean Stefanovic. "Serbian Carpet Weaving in connection with Oriental kilim".
^ abcДимитър Д. Велев (Dimitar D. Velev), Български килими до края на XIX век(Bulgarian rugs to the end of the 19th century) Sofia, 1960, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
^The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science and Art, Volume 67. J. W. Parker and Son. 1889. p. 725.
^Palairet, M.R. (2003). The Balkan Economies C.1800-1914: Evolution Without Development. Cambridge University Press. p. 263. ISBN9780521522564. Retrieved 2015-06-24.
^, 1953, Zbog toga pirotski cilim postaje svakim danom sve više skup. b) Na opadanje pirotske čilimarske proizvodnje i uopšte uloge i znaeaja pirotskog eilimarstva kao takvog utiče, najzad, i savremeni raz- vitak materijalne i tehničke kulture, ...{{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
^Русалић, Драгана (2009). Нематеријално Наслеђе: Нова Реалност И Изазов Културне Баштине (in Serbian). p. 109. ISBN9788675870487.
^The National Geographic Magazine, Volume 27. 1915. p. 432.
Marina Cvetković, 2008: Игра шарених нити : колекција пиротских h̄илима Етнографског музеја у Београду (The Play of Varicolored filaments - collection of the Pirot Kilims in the Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade). Ethnografski muzej u Beogradu, Belgrad. ISBN8678910399
Alastair Hull & José Luczyc-Wyhowska, 1993: Kilim - the complete guide: History, pattern, technique, identification. Thames and Hundson, London. ISBN0-8118-0359-7
Yanni Petsopulos, 1980: Der Kelim. Prestel Verlag, München. ISBN3-7913-0474-7
Dobrila Stojanović, 1987: Пиротски ћилими (Pirotski ćilimi). Muzejske zbirke VIII, Museum of Applied Arts (Muzej primenjene umetnosti), Belgrad.
Vitković-Žikić, Milena (2001). Les Kilims de Pirot (in French). Belgrade: Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Narodna biblioteka Srbije. ISBN86-7415-068-3. (not used)
Petković, Milica; Vlatković, Radmila (1996). (in Serbian). Belgrade: Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. Archived from the original on 2015-01-16. Retrieved 2015-04-22.
Cvetković, Marina. "Спеҵифичност Пиротског Ћилимарства у Периоду 1945–2015". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
"Press Online :: Regioni - lokalne vesti, infostan, vodovod, kanalizacija, struja, telefon :: Dva velika pirotska ćilima izatkana za državni vrh". pressonline.rs. Retrieved 2015-06-24.
"Serbia | U.S. Agency for International Development". serbia.usaid.gov. Archived from the original on 2012-12-14. Retrieved 2015-06-24.
"Ćilim za uspeh i svekrvinu milost : Život i stil : Spektar : Politika". politika.rs. Retrieved 2015-06-24.
"Pirotski ćilim | Blog o Pirotu". jovanakostic.wordpress.com. 3 December 2012. Retrieved 2015-06-24.
pirot, carpet, pirot, pirot, ćilim, serbian, cyrillic, Пиротски, ћилим, romanized, pirotski, ćilim, refers, variety, flat, tapestry, woven, rugs, traditionally, produced, pirot, town, southeastern, serbia, pirot, kilim, often, referred, national, symbols, serb. Pirot rug a Pirot carpet or Pirot cilim Serbian Cyrillic Pirotski ћilim romanized Pirotski cilim refers to a variety of flat tapestry woven rugs traditionally produced in Pirot a town in southeastern Serbia The Pirot kilim is often referred as one of the national symbols of Serbia 1 While Pirot is the historic center for the production of this carpet style the Pirot rug is part of a broader history of Balkan rug making with Pirot style carpets traditionally found across the region from modern day Bosnia to Turkey The Turkish name for the town of Pirot Sarkoy has also given the name sarkoy or sharkoy to carpets of the same style produced in modern day Turkey 2 while the adjacent town of Chiprovtsi across the border in Bulgaria has become recognized as another important center for this same carpet tradition Pirot Cilim with the ornament Rasiceva ploca Pirot kilim making is the skill of making rugs on a vertical loom The skill is used in the production of woollen kilims decorated with various geometric vegetal and figural ornaments 1 Today s authentic tapestry has developed under the influence of Oriental 3 Rug making in Pirot is included on the list Intangible cultural heritage of Serbia 1 Together with Chiprovtsi carpets the Pirot kilims are considered as part of a regional center of carpet weaving native to this mountain region of Eastern Serbia and Western Bulgaria 4 An example of the patterns from the last periods is the Model of Rasic Serbian Cyrillic Rashicheva shara romanized Rasiceva sara which was based on cilim brought by Serbian general Mihailo Rasic 4 Pirot kilims with some 122 ornaments and 96 different types have been protected by geographical indication in 2002 They are one of the most important traditional handicrafts in Serbia In the late 19th century and up to the Second World War Pirot kilims have been frequently used as insignia of Serbian royalty This tradition was revived in 2011 when Pirot kilims were reintroduced for state ceremonies in Serbia citation needed Contents 1 Overview 2 Cultural organizations 3 Collections 4 Ornaments 5 Gallery 6 Notable people 7 See also 8 Annotations 9 References 9 1 Sources 10 External linksOverview edit nbsp Exhibition in Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade Carpet weaving in Pirot dates back to the Middle Ages 5 One of the first mentions of the Pirot kilim in written sources date to 1565 when it was said that the sajkasi boats on the Danube and Drava were covered with Pirot kilims 6 better source needed Pirot was once the most important rug making centre in the Balkans 2 Pirot is located on the historical main highway which linked central Europe with Constantinople 2 An interesting characteristic of some Pirot style carpets is the inscription of the Serbian or Bulgarian weaver and the year in which the carpet was weaved 4 Today many classical examples of Pirot kilims can be found throughout Bosnia Bulgaria Croatia Montenegro Serbia Turkey and in many other international collections 2 One of the chief qualities are the effects achieved through the choice and arrangement of colours 2 In the beginning of the 19th century plant dyes were replaced by aniline colourings 2 The best product of the country is the Pirot carpet worth about ten shillings a square metre The designs are extremely pretty and the rugs without being so heavy as the Persian or so ragged and scant in the web and woof as Caramanian wear for ever The manufacture of these is almost entirely confined to Pirot 7 8 9 From Pirot s old Turkish signification as Sarkoy stems the traditional trade name of the rugs as Sarkoy kilims Stemming from the homonym to the present day Turkish settlement of Sarkoy in Thrace which had no established rug making tradition Sarkoys are often falsely ascribed to originate from Thrace Also in the rug selling industry Sarkoy are mostly labeled as being of oriental or Turkish origin as to easier sell them to non familiar customers as they prefer rug with putative oriental origin In fact Sarkoys have been established from the 17th century in the region of the Western Balkan or Stara Planina mountains in the towns of Pirot Berkowiza Lom Chiprovtsi and Samokow Later they were also produced in Knjazevac and Caribrod citation needed Cultural organizations edit nbsp Pirot rugs Bombe u pregradama and Rasiceva sara seen in front of the king Alexander I of Yugoslavia and the queen Maria at the inauguration of the Monument of Gratitude to France in Belgrade 1930 Association Grlica 10 Association of Preserving and Development of the Pirot Carpet founded 1995 Pirot Carpet Cooperative or Pirot Carpet Zadruga founded 1902 11 Damsko srce Collections editSerbian The Ethnographic Museum Belgrade has a small collection of carpets on display The Museum of Applied Art has a valuable collection of ca 120 carpets from Pirot dating to the late 18th to the mid 20th century 2 International British Museum 2 rugs as of 2013 12 Ornaments editThis list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items June 2013 Pirot kilims with some 122 ornaments and 96 different types have been protected by geographical indication in 2002 Gallery edit nbsp Pirot rug Venci nbsp Scheme of a Pirot rug nbsp Scheme of the Razbacani đulovi type nbsp Scheme of the Bombe u pregradama type Ornaments at the border are called kornjaca turtle nbsp bombe u pregradama nbsp Bosanska saraNotable people editDarinka Petkovic 1868 1932 sister of merchant Kosta PetkovicSee also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pirot Kilim Chiprovtsi carpet Zmijanje embroideryAnnotations edit The Serbian name is Pirotski cilim Pirotski ћilim in English Pirot carpet Pirot kilim and Pirot rug in Turkish Sarkoy kilimleri The carpet varieties are also referred to as Thracian Serbian or Sarkoy rugs in foreign literature 2 References edit a b c Ministry of Culture and Information List of elements of intangible cultural heritage of the Republic of Serbia a b c d e f g h Museum of Applied Art Belgrade Textile collection 3 10 Belgrade Archived from the original on 2015 06 10 Retrieved 2012 11 28 Bratislava Idvorean Stefanovic Serbian Carpet Weaving in connection with Oriental kilim a b c Dimitr D Velev Dimitar D Velev Blgarski kilimi do kraya na XIX vek Bulgarian rugs to the end of the 19th century Sofia 1960 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pirotski Cilim Lepota Trajanja Suveniri Srbije Pirotski cilim The Saturday Review of Politics Literature Science and Art Volume 67 J W Parker and Son 1889 p 725 Palairet M R 2003 The Balkan Economies C 1800 1914 Evolution Without Development Cambridge University Press p 263 ISBN 9780521522564 Retrieved 2015 06 24 1953 Zbog toga pirotski cilim postaje svakim danom sve vise skup b Na opadanje pirotske cilimarske proizvodnje i uopste uloge i znaeaja pirotskog eilimarstva kao takvog utice najzad i savremeni raz vitak materijalne i tehnicke kulture a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a Missing or empty title help Rusaliћ Dragana 2009 Nemateriјalno Nasleђe Nova Realnost I Izazov Kulturne Bashtine in Serbian p 109 ISBN 9788675870487 The National Geographic Magazine Volume 27 1915 p 432 British Museum search query Pirot Sources edit Peter Bausback 1983 Kelim antike orientalische Flachgewebe Klinkhardt amp Biermann Munchen ISBN 3 7814 0206 1 Marina Cvetkovic 2008 Igra sharenih niti kolekciјa pirotskih h ilima Etnografskog muzeјa u Beogradu The Play of Varicolored filaments collection of the Pirot Kilims in the Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade Ethnografski muzej u Beogradu Belgrad ISBN 8678910399 Alastair Hull amp Jose Luczyc Wyhowska 1993 Kilim the complete guide History pattern technique identification Thames and Hundson London ISBN 0 8118 0359 7 Yanni Petsopulos 1980 Der Kelim Prestel Verlag Munchen ISBN 3 7913 0474 7 Dobrila Stojanovic 1987 Pirotski ћilimi Pirotski cilimi Muzejske zbirke VIII Museum of Applied Arts Muzej primenjene umetnosti Belgrad Vitkovic Zikic Milena 2001 Les Kilims de Pirot in French Belgrade Musee des Arts Decoratifs Narodna biblioteka Srbije ISBN 86 7415 068 3 not used Petkovic Milica Vlatkovic Radmila 1996 Pirotski ћilim Pirotski cilim in Serbian Belgrade Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti Archived from the original on 2015 01 16 Retrieved 2015 04 22 Cvetkovic Marina Speҵifichnost Pirotskog Ћilimarstva u Periodu 1945 2015 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help External links editVesna Knezevic Baletic September 2009 The Pirot Kilim Jat Review not used Gallery of historic Pirot rugs in the Museum of Ponisavlje in Pirot Kilimpirot com History and Tradition of Pirot rugs Pirot rug guild Damsko srce Pirot Radmila Vlatkovic kurator museum Ponisljava on Pirot rugs Sergej Ivanov Importance of Zackel sheep breed in development of Pirot and Chiprovtsi kilim brand in the stara planina region Balkanmagazin on Pirot carpet Bif rs Pirotski cilim Pirotski cilim opet pobedio Press Online Regioni lokalne vesti infostan vodovod kanalizacija struja telefon Dva velika pirotska cilima izatkana za drzavni vrh pressonline rs Retrieved 2015 06 24 Serbia U S Agency for International Development serbia usaid gov Archived from the original on 2012 12 14 Retrieved 2015 06 24 Cilim za uspeh i svekrvinu milost Zivot i stil Spektar Politika politika rs Retrieved 2015 06 24 Pirotski cilim Blog o Pirotu jovanakostic wordpress com 3 December 2012 Retrieved 2015 06 24 Nemci odusevljeni pirotskim cilimom 24sata rs 24sata rs Retrieved 2015 06 24 Pirotski Cilim Lepota Trajanja Glas Srbije 1 not used Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pirot carpet amp oldid 1191339508, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
