Picea omorika, common namePančić spruce[2][3] or Serbian spruce (Serbian: Панчићева оморика, Pančićeva omorika, pronounced[pâːnt͡ʃit͡ɕɛv̞aɔmɔ̌rika]), is a species of coniferous treeendemic to the Drina River valley in western Serbia, and eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a total range of only about 60 ha, at 800–1,600 m (2,625–5,249 ft) altitude. It was originally discovered near the Serbian village of Zaovine, on Mount Tara, in 1875, and named by the Serbian botanist Josif Pančić;[4][5][6] the specific epithetomorika is simply the Serbian word for the tree. (All other spruces are smrča.)
Picea omorika
Pančić spruce foliage, showing the blue-green undersides of the needles
Serbian spruce in its native range. Note extremely slender shape of crown.Picea omorika 'Pendula'Young female coneSerbian spruce seedling with flowers, Petrozavodsk
It is a medium-sized evergreentree growing to 20 m (66 ft) tall, exceptionally 40 m (131 ft), with a trunk diameter of up to 1 m (3 ft). The shoots are buff-brown, and densely pubescent (hairy). The leaves are needle-like, 10–20 mm long, flattened in cross-section, dark blue-green above, and blue-white below. The cones are 4–7 cm (2–3 in) long, fusiform (spindle-shaped, broadest in the middle), dark purple (almost black) when young, maturing dark brown 5–7 months after pollination, with stiff scales.[4][5][6]
Cultivationedit
Outside its native range, Serbian spruce is of major importance as an ornamental tree in large gardens, valued in northern Europe and North America for its very attractive crown form and ability to grow on a wide range of soils, including alkaline, clay, acid and sandy soil, although it prefers moist, drained loam.
It is also grown to a small extent in forestry for Christmas trees, timber and paper production, particularly in northern Europe, though its slow growth makes it less important than Sitka spruce or Norway spruce. In cultivation, it has produced hybrids with the closely related black spruceP. × Machala and also with Sitka spruce.[4][5]
Because of its limited range, it is not a major source of nutrition to wildlife, but does provide cover for birds and small mammals. Prior to the Pleistoceneice ages, it had a much larger range throughout most of Europe.[4]
Referencesedit
^Aleksić, J.M.; Ballian, D.; Isajev, D.; Mataruga, M.; Christian, T.; Gardner, M. (2017). "Picea omorika". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T30313A84039544. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T30313A84039544.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^Cabi, Wallingford; Cabi Invasive Species Compendium, Oxon (Oxford), UK (2019). "Picea omorika (Pancic spruce)". Retrieved 2021-03-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
picea, omorika, common, name, pančić, spruce, serbian, spruce, serbian, Панчићева, оморика, pančićeva, omorika, pronounced, pâːnt, ʃit, ɕɛv, ɔmɔ, rika, species, coniferous, tree, endemic, drina, river, valley, western, serbia, eastern, bosnia, herzegovina, wit. Picea omorika common name Pancic spruce 2 3 or Serbian spruce Serbian Panchiћeva omorika Panciceva omorika pronounced paːnt ʃit ɕɛv a ɔmɔ rika is a species of coniferous tree endemic to the Drina River valley in western Serbia and eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina with a total range of only about 60 ha at 800 1 600 m 2 625 5 249 ft altitude It was originally discovered near the Serbian village of Zaovine on Mount Tara in 1875 and named by the Serbian botanist Josif Pancic 4 5 6 the specific epithet omorika is simply the Serbian word for the tree All other spruces are smrca Picea omorikaPancic spruce foliage showing the blue green undersides of the needlesConservation statusEndangered IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade GymnospermaeDivision PinophytaClass PinopsidaOrder PinalesFamily PinaceaeGenus PiceaSpecies P omorikaBinomial namePicea omorika Pancic Purk Natural range Contents 1 Description 2 Cultivation 2 1 AGM cultivars 3 Ecology 4 References 5 External linksDescription edit nbsp Serbian spruce in its native range Note extremely slender shape of crown nbsp Picea omorika Pendula nbsp Young female cone nbsp Serbian spruce seedling with flowers PetrozavodskIt is a medium sized evergreen tree growing to 20 m 66 ft tall exceptionally 40 m 131 ft with a trunk diameter of up to 1 m 3 ft The shoots are buff brown and densely pubescent hairy The leaves are needle like 10 20 mm long flattened in cross section dark blue green above and blue white below The cones are 4 7 cm 2 3 in long fusiform spindle shaped broadest in the middle dark purple almost black when young maturing dark brown 5 7 months after pollination with stiff scales 4 5 6 Cultivation editOutside its native range Serbian spruce is of major importance as an ornamental tree in large gardens valued in northern Europe and North America for its very attractive crown form and ability to grow on a wide range of soils including alkaline clay acid and sandy soil although it prefers moist drained loam It is also grown to a small extent in forestry for Christmas trees timber and paper production particularly in northern Europe though its slow growth makes it less important than Sitka spruce or Norway spruce In cultivation it has produced hybrids with the closely related black spruce P Machala and also with Sitka spruce 4 5 AGM cultivars edit The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society s Award of Garden Merit 7 Picea omorika 8 Picea omorika Nana 9 dwarf form Picea omorika Pendula 10 weeping form Ecology editBecause of its limited range it is not a major source of nutrition to wildlife but does provide cover for birds and small mammals Prior to the Pleistocene ice ages it had a much larger range throughout most of Europe 4 References edit Aleksic J M Ballian D Isajev D Mataruga M Christian T Gardner M 2017 Picea omorika IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e T30313A84039544 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2017 2 RLTS T30313A84039544 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 Cabi Wallingford Cabi Invasive Species Compendium Oxon Oxford UK 2019 Picea omorika Pancic spruce Retrieved 2021 03 20 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Gligic Vojin Silic Cedomil amp Vukicevic Emilija 2021 Panciceva omorika Retrieved 2021 03 20 a b c d Farjon A 1990 Pinaceae Drawings and Descriptions of the Genera Koeltz Scientific Books ISBN 3 87429 298 3 a b c Rushforth K 1987 Conifers Helm ISBN 0 7470 2801 X a b Rushforth K 1999 Trees of Britain and Europe Collins ISBN 0 00 220013 9 AGM Plants Ornamental PDF Royal Horticultural Society July 2017 p 78 Retrieved 25 April 2018 Picea omorika Retrieved 6 February 2021 RHS Plant Selector Picea omorika Nana AGM RHS Gardening Apps rhs org uk Retrieved 10 February 2021 RHS Plant Selector Picea omorika Pendula AGM RHS Gardening Apps rhs org uk Retrieved 10 February 2021 External links edit nbsp Media related to Picea omorika at Wikimedia Commons Picea omorika information genetic conservation units and related resources European Forest Genetic Resources Programme EUFORGEN Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Picea omorika amp oldid 1177061535, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
