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Petty warfare (German: Kleiner Krieg; French: Petite guerre; Russian: малая война, romanized: malaya voyna) is a form of irregular warfare where small units attack the enemy's support operation to ensure that the main force enjoys favorable conditions for decisive battles. Petty warfare can be used in both ground and naval combat.[1] The term first appeared during the 18th century and was subsequently developed by Russian and Soviet tacticians.
The term "petty warfare" (German: "Kleinkrieg" or "kleiner Krieg"), was first adopted in the early modern period by German people, and was later on used in 18th- and 19th-century Russian literature to refer to a particular form of warfare in which small units, avoiding collisions with larger military forces, attack communication and small fortified posts, enemy convoys, armories, etc.
Petty warfare is similar to the later Spanish term guerrilla (literally, "little war") but differs by using solely special military forces; guerrilla warfare includes armed civilians and the irregular military. During the Napoleonic Wars, when the use of civilians in military actions became widespread, the term “little war” or petty warfare in Germany was superseded by “people’s war” concept (German: volkskrieg).
It was common for 19th-century writers to write about a people’s war against Napoleon to describe the events that took place in Russia. In the early 19th century, a number of books on the theory of petty warfare were published in Russia and were later included as part of officer examinations.
The term “little war” was created at the time of a cumbersome system of arsenal supply during the early modern period, when the main means of transport were horses and carts.
The Seven Years' War was full of examples of how supply troubles often arose by the capture of transports and the destruction of stores. Such attacks led to the breakdown of planned large-scale military operations. For example, a new expedition of Russian troops to Berlin in late 1761 failed after Prussian Lieutenant General von Platen on September 15, 1761 captured a Russian convoy of 5,000 wagons and burned a number of stores that had been prepared for the expedition. Similarly around the same time, a Prussian garrison surrendered because Serbian hussars under the command of Peter Tekeli intercepted their convoy that went from Stettin to Kolberg (now Poland), which was full of gunpowder stocks and bombs.
The development of theories of guerrilla and petty warfare continued in the 1920s and 1930s in the USSR. In 1931, M. A. Drobov wrote a book, "Petty warfare: partisan and sabotage," which summarized the views of military-political leadership in the USSR on the methods of petty warfare. “Petty warfare. Organization and combat tactics of small units” book is the most recent literature in Russian dated 1998.[2][3]
During the early modern period, the main petty warfare forces on ground were regular and irregular parts of light cavalry. In Austria, they were Croatian and Pandurs, and in Russia, they were Cossacks, Kalmyks and Bashkirs. King Frederick II of Prussia considered those ground forces to be one of the main advantages of Russian army during the early modern period.
Naval petty warfare
In 1920s, petty warfare theories were part of the official concepts of the Soviet Navy. Naval petty warfare tactics included rapid surprise attacks on ground enemy units from shores with the support of the air forces and the coastal artillery.
^V.V. Kvachkov Chast' vtoraya. Specyal'nye deistviya v voennom iskusstve sovetskogo vremeni. 2.1.Teoriya i praktika specyal'nyh deistviy (V.V. Kvachkov. Second part. Special tasks of soviet art of war. 2.1.Theory and practic of special tasks)
^Teoriya maloi voiny (Small war theory) Archived 2014-03-27 at archive.today
^Malaya voina: Partizanstvo i diversii (Small war: partisan and diversion)
^Malaya voina: Organizaciya i taktika boevyh deistviy malyh podrazdeleniy 1998 г. (Small War: Organization and tactics of small unit's military actions 1998 year)
^Strachan Hew European Armies and the Conduct of War. — New York: Routledge, 1983. — ISBN0415078636
Groznoe oruzhie. Malaya voina, partizanstvo i drugie vidy asimitrichnogo voevaniya v svete naslediya russkih voennyh myslitiley. Sostaviteli Aleksandr Savinkin, Igor Domnin, Izdatelstvo: Voennyi universitet, Russkiy put, Seriya: Rossiiskiy voennyi sbornik, 2007 g.
M. A. Drobov. Malaya voina: partizanstvo i diversii.
Taras A. E. "Malaya voina" (Organizaciya i taktika boevyh deistviy malyh podrazdeleniy)
Kvachkov V. V. Chast vtoraya. Specyalnye deistviya v voennom iskusstve sovetskogo vremeni 2.1. Teoriya i praktika spevyalnyh deistviy.
Taktika malyh podrazdeleniy (iz polegogo ustava SSO armii UAR).
Strachan Hew European Armies and the Conduct of War — New York: Routledge, 1983. — ISBN0415078636.
Pravila maloi voiny i upotrebleniya voisk. Obyasnennye primerami iz francuzkoi voiny maiorom Valentini.
Engelgardt A.E. Kratkoe nachertanie maloi voiny dlya vseh rodov orujiya SPB. 1850. 112 str.
Vuich I.V. Malaya voina S.-Peterburg 1850.(Ch1 Ohranenie voisk ot vnezapnogo napadeniya, Ch2 O deistviyah otryadami)
Liprandi И. П. Некоторые замечания по поводу двух сочинений, вышедших под заглавием <малая война>. СПб., 1851. 75 стр.
Srazheniya. Malaya voyna. Kurs po voyennomu delu. B.m.: Lit. Il'ina, 1855. 76 s.
Novitskiy N. D. Lektsii maloy voyny, chitanyye v Yelisavetgr. ofits. kav. uch. Odessa. 1865
Peritsonius G. Prikladnaya taktika. Razdel D- Malaya voyna. Voyennaya biblioteka. 1872. str. 544—563.
Teoriya bol'shoy voyny pri pomoshchi maloy ili partizanskoy i s uchastiyem Landvera. Per. s nem. V serii: Voyennaya biblioteka. Tom 4. 1872. str. 493—607.
Rodzishevskiy. Kurs taktiki. M. 1877. Otdel IX. Deystviya maloy voyny. str. 359—390.
Gershel'man F. K. Partizanskaya voyna (issledovaniye). S.-Peterburg, 1885. 423 str.
Fiedler, Siegfried: Taktik und Strategie der Kabinettskriege. 1650—1792, Bechtermünz-Verlag, Augsburg 2002
Groehler, Olaf: Die Kriege Friedrichs II.,Brandenburgisches Verlagshaus, Berlin 1990
External links
Vnimanie partizany! Taktika maloi voiny
December 31, 2022
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German October 2021 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the German article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 770 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de Kleiner Krieg see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated de Kleiner Krieg to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French October 2021 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 5 269 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Petite guerre see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated fr Petite guerre to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian February 2013 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Russian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 2 700 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at ru Malaya vojna see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated ru Malaya vojna to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Learn how and when to remove this template message Petty warfare German Kleiner Krieg French Petite guerre Russian malaya vojna romanized malaya voyna is a form of irregular warfare where small units attack the enemy s support operation to ensure that the main force enjoys favorable conditions for decisive battles Petty warfare can be used in both ground and naval combat 1 The term first appeared during the 18th century and was subsequently developed by Russian and Soviet tacticians Contents 1 History 2 Ground petty warfare 3 Naval petty warfare 4 See also 5 References 6 Literature 7 External linksHistory EditThe term petty warfare German Kleinkrieg or kleiner Krieg was first adopted in the early modern period by German people and was later on used in 18th and 19th century Russian literature to refer to a particular form of warfare in which small units avoiding collisions with larger military forces attack communication and small fortified posts enemy convoys armories etc Petty warfare is similar to the later Spanish term guerrilla literally little war but differs by using solely special military forces guerrilla warfare includes armed civilians and the irregular military During the Napoleonic Wars when the use of civilians in military actions became widespread the term little war or petty warfare in Germany was superseded by people s war concept German volkskrieg It was common for 19th century writers to write about a people s war against Napoleon to describe the events that took place in Russia In the early 19th century a number of books on the theory of petty warfare were published in Russia and were later included as part of officer examinations The term little war was created at the time of a cumbersome system of arsenal supply during the early modern period when the main means of transport were horses and carts The Seven Years War was full of examples of how supply troubles often arose by the capture of transports and the destruction of stores Such attacks led to the breakdown of planned large scale military operations For example a new expedition of Russian troops to Berlin in late 1761 failed after Prussian Lieutenant General von Platen on September 15 1761 captured a Russian convoy of 5 000 wagons and burned a number of stores that had been prepared for the expedition Similarly around the same time a Prussian garrison surrendered because Serbian hussars under the command of Peter Tekeli intercepted their convoy that went from Stettin to Kolberg now Poland which was full of gunpowder stocks and bombs The development of theories of guerrilla and petty warfare continued in the 1920s and 1930s in the USSR In 1931 M A Drobov wrote a book Petty warfare partisan and sabotage which summarized the views of military political leadership in the USSR on the methods of petty warfare Petty warfare Organization and combat tactics of small units book is the most recent literature in Russian dated 1998 2 3 Ground petty warfare EditGround petty warfare includes reconnaissance sabotage guerrilla and terrorism used by small combat groups 4 5 Such combat groups are usually part of special purpose units and militia 6 7 During the early modern period the main petty warfare forces on ground were regular and irregular parts of light cavalry In Austria they were Croatian and Pandurs and in Russia they were Cossacks Kalmyks and Bashkirs King Frederick II of Prussia considered those ground forces to be one of the main advantages of Russian army during the early modern period Naval petty warfare EditIn 1920s petty warfare theories were part of the official concepts of the Soviet Navy Naval petty warfare tactics included rapid surprise attacks on ground enemy units from shores with the support of the air forces and the coastal artillery See also EditGuerrilla warfare Small Wars JournalReferences Edit Voienaya Enciklopedia Military Encyclopedia V V Kvachkov Chast vtoraya Specyal nye deistviya v voennom iskusstve sovetskogo vremeni 2 1 Teoriya i praktika specyal nyh deistviy V V Kvachkov Second part Special tasks of soviet art of war 2 1 Theory and practic of special tasks Teoriya maloi voiny Small war theory Archived 2014 03 27 at archive today Malaya voina Partizanstvo i diversii Small war partisan and diversion Malaya voina Organizaciya i taktika boevyh deistviy malyh podrazdeleniy 1998 g Small War Organization and tactics of small unit s military actions 1998 year Strachan Hew European Armies and the Conduct of War New York Routledge 1983 ISBN 0415078636 Taktika malyh podrazdeleniy Small units tactics Literature EditGroznoe oruzhie Malaya voina partizanstvo i drugie vidy asimitrichnogo voevaniya v svete naslediya russkih voennyh myslitiley Sostaviteli Aleksandr Savinkin Igor Domnin Izdatelstvo Voennyi universitet Russkiy put Seriya Rossiiskiy voennyi sbornik 2007 g M A Drobov Malaya voina partizanstvo i diversii Taras A E Malaya voina Organizaciya i taktika boevyh deistviy malyh podrazdeleniy Kvachkov V V Chast vtoraya Specyalnye deistviya v voennom iskusstve sovetskogo vremeni 2 1 Teoriya i praktika spevyalnyh deistviy Taktika malyh podrazdeleniy iz polegogo ustava SSO armii UAR Strachan Hew European Armies and the Conduct of War New York Routledge 1983 ISBN 0415078636 Pravila maloi voiny i upotrebleniya voisk Obyasnennye primerami iz francuzkoi voiny maiorom Valentini Engelgardt A E Kratkoe nachertanie maloi voiny dlya vseh rodov orujiya SPB 1850 112 str Vuich I V Malaya voina S Peterburg 1850 Ch1 Ohranenie voisk ot vnezapnogo napadeniya Ch2 O deistviyah otryadami Liprandi I P Nekotorye zamechaniya po povodu dvuh sochinenij vyshedshih pod zaglaviem lt malaya vojna gt SPb 1851 75 str Srazheniya Malaya voyna Kurs po voyennomu delu B m Lit Il ina 1855 76 s Novitskiy N D Lektsii maloy voyny chitanyye v Yelisavetgr ofits kav uch Odessa 1865 Peritsonius G Prikladnaya taktika Razdel D Malaya voyna Voyennaya biblioteka 1872 str 544 563 Teoriya bol shoy voyny pri pomoshchi maloy ili partizanskoy i s uchastiyem Landvera Per s nem V serii Voyennaya biblioteka Tom 4 1872 str 493 607 Rodzishevskiy Kurs taktiki M 1877 Otdel IX Deystviya maloy voyny str 359 390 Gershel man F K Partizanskaya voyna issledovaniye S Peterburg 1885 423 str Fiedler Siegfried Taktik und Strategie der Kabinettskriege 1650 1792 Bechtermunz Verlag Augsburg 2002 Groehler Olaf Die Kriege Friedrichs II Brandenburgisches Verlagshaus Berlin 1990External links EditVnimanie partizany Taktika maloi voiny Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Petty warfare amp oldid 1113205059, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
