Petersfield
Petersfield is a market town and civil parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is 15 miles (24 km) north of Portsmouth. The town has its own railway station on the Portsmouth Direct line, the mainline rail link connecting Portsmouth and London. Situated below the northern slopes of the South Downs, Petersfield lies wholly within the South Downs National Park.[2]
| Petersfield | |
|---|---|
Petersfield High Street | |
Flag | |
Petersfield Location within Hampshire | |
| Population | 14,974 (2011)[1] |
| OS grid reference | SU748232 |
| Civil parish |
|
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PETERSFIELD |
| Postcode district | GU31, GU32 |
| Dialling code | 01730 |
| Police | Hampshire and Isle of Wight |
| Fire | Hampshire and Isle of Wight |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| UK Parliament | |
| 51°00′14″N 0°56′15″W / 51.0038°N 0.9374°WCoordinates: 51°00′14″N 0°56′15″W / 51.0038°N 0.9374°W | |
The town is on the crossroads of well-used north–south (formerly the A3 road which now bypasses the town) and east–west routes (today the A272 road) and it grew as a coach stop on the Portsmouth to London route. Petersfield is twinned with Barentin in France, and Warendorf in Germany.
History
Petersfield Heath's burial mounds may be up to 4,000 years old; their distribution is mainly to the east and south east of the Heath. These are considered to be one of the more important lowland barrow groups in this country. The barrows indicate that the area of the Heath was occupied by people who may have come to regard this area as sacred to their religion. As yet no trace has been confirmed for the dwellings of these people as the structures would have been wooden[3] but Petersfield Museum hosts a community project to throw more light on this period of history.[4]
The town was founded during the 12th century by William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester, later chartered by his widow, Hawise de Beaumont,[5] and confirmed by charter in 1198 from "John, Count of Mortain" (later to be King John). In 1415 King Henry V granted the burgesses of Petersfield freedom from toll, stallage, picage, pannage, murage, and pontage throughout the realm of England. All charters are preserved in the archive files at Petersfield Town Council.
The town grew in prosperity due to its position on frequently travelled routes, local sheep farming, and cottage industries including leather and cloth. There were weekly markets in the town square for sheep, horse and cattle trading, and two annual fairs, in June (on the feast of St Peter and St Paul) and November (on the feast of St Andrew). An autumn fair which began in the early 19th century was held in October on The Heath, called "The Taro Fair".
The town's market square has an 18th-century statue of King William III by Henry Cheere. The king is mounted and the statue is on an engraved plinth. It is one of only five statues of William in the United Kingdom outside Northern Ireland (the others being in Glasgow, Brixham, Hull and Bristol) and, as such, attracts bands of marching Orangemen in mid-July to commemorate William's victory at the Battle of the Boyne.
Geography
Petersfield is situated in the valley of the Western Rother, on the Lower Greensand at the northern edge of the South Downs. The town lies at the western end of the Greensand Ridge, a sandstone ridge running through Hampshire, Surrey and Kent.
The town is surrounded on all sides by farmed countryside, with the South Downs south of the town, the Hampshire Downs to the west, and forested hills (Durford Wood) to the north east.
The town is a centre for exploring the South Downs National Park.
Close to the town and situated on the South Downs is Queen Elizabeth Country Park, which incorporates Butser Hill (270 metres), and has a variety of scenery including chalk hills, beech woodland and pine forest. The Hangers Way footpath starts from the country park, goes to Buriton, through Petersfield and in to Alton.
On the south east side of the town is Petersfield Heath, 95 acres (38 ha) of heathland including woodland, grassland, a pond, and a picnic and recreation area. Petersfield Heath is a Site of Nature Conservation Interest (SNCI). It also contains 21 Bronze Age barrows which have resulted in the site being given Scheduled Ancient Monument status.
Heathland is very rare throughout Europe and Petersfield Heath is a typical heathland mosaic of micro habitats. Across the site are sandy heath and acid heath areas, grassland and scrub which gives the area diverse zones for insects, reptiles, birds and small mammals.
Petersfield Heath is at one end of "The Serpent Trail", a 65-mile (105 km) walk through heath and downland of Hampshire and West Sussex to Haslemere.[6]
Attractions
Fairs and festivals
On the nearest week-end to 6 October every year the Taro Fair is held on Petersfield Heath, a reminder of cattle fairs that were held annually until the 1950s. It is now a fun fair.[7] ("Tarw" is the Welsh shout by the herders for "Bull"; pronounced "Taro" in English).[8]
Free festivals are held throughout the year. The Petersfield Spring Festival over the May Bank Holiday weekend, the Petersfield Summer Festival over the August Bank Holiday weekend and the Petersfield Christmas Festival Market on the first Sunday in December.[9]
Markets
Petersfield's market square holds markets every Wednesday and Saturday, there are also monthly Farmers' markets. Stallholders and farmers from Petersfield's French twin town Barentin visit Petersfield and hold a French market.
Gardens
In the High Street is the physic garden, which is a recreation of a 17th-century herb garden.[10] It is open to the public nearly every day of the year. Next to the Red Lion public house is the small Charles Dickens garden.
Petersfield has a small volunteer-run community garden, 'The Good Life (Petersfield) Community Garden', situated on the edge of the town next to Sheet railway crossing; the garden is open to members (membership is free).
Arts and institutions
Petersfield has an Arts and Crafts Society which was formed in 1934. One of the founder members was the artist Flora Twort. PACS holds regular demonstrations and workshops and also holds a yearly exhibition in the Petersfield Festival Hall.[11]
Theatre
Petersfield's Festival Hall shows plays and concerts during the year.
Petersfield Youth Theatre was formed in 1990 and performs annually at the Festival Hall, as well as delivering projects throughout the year. The artistic director is Nik Ashton, the associate director of Matilda the Musical.[12]
Winton Players was formed in 1947 and is one of the longest running Amateur Dramatics Societies in Petersfield. They are perhaps best known for their yearly pantomime which takes places at the Festival Hall.[13]
The Petersfield Shakespeare Festival takes place every July in the grounds of Bedales School in Steep. Its productions are professionally staged and are augmented with performers from the local community. The artistic director is theatre director Jake Smith.[14]
The Petersfield Musical Festival began in 1901 and is still held annually in the town's Festival Hall.[15]
Museums
Petersfield has one museum, run by the Petersfield Museum Trust. It is situated in the town's old courthouse and police station. Within it are the Flora Twort Gallery, the Bedales Historic costume collection, which consists of over 1,000 pieces dating from 1720, and the Edward Thomas collection. The museum also exhibits social-history collections made up from maps, photographs, archives, oral history and artefacts related to the history of the town. Exhibitions are sometimes also held at the Festival Hall, St Peter's Church, and the Physic Garden.
Petersfield was once home to the world's first Teddy Bear Museum, which opened in 1984. It closed at the end of 2006, and is now a private house.
Youth club
The King's Arms is a youth club situated near the town centre, started by Petersfield Area Churches Together (PACT), a charitable Christian organisation. The Kings Arms now runs independently.[16]
Cinema
Petersfield had a 700-seat cinema, the Savoy, that opened in the late 1930s. During the 1970s its use converted to a Bingo Hall before closure in January 1985. The building subsequently saw use as a nightclub from May 1985 for some years and it was demolished in May 2008.[17]
Religion
The parish church of St Peter, after which the town is named,[18] is the Anglican church of Norman origins in the town centre, The Square. Other churches include Methodist (Station Road), Catholic (St Laurence's, Station Road) and United Reformed Church (College Street).
The Evangelical fellowship meets at the Herne Farm Leisure Centre on the eponymous estate, the Religious Society of Friends in the Voluntary Centre, High Street, The Salvation Army in Swan Street and Life Church Petersfield, formerly Petersfield Christian Fellowship, is in Chapel Street.[19]
Sport
Sports venues include the Taro Centre, a leisure centre containing 3x swimming pools, squash courts, gymnasium, a sauna, steam room and other facilities. The town has tennis courts (both public and members only), an open-air pool, a number of playing fields and a golf club. Petersfield has clubs and teams for sports. Petersfield Town F.C. plays in the Wessex League. Several players have gone on to professional sporting careers, such as footballer Maik Taylor, rugby player Tim Rodber and more recently Calum Chambers who plays for Aston Villa and has been called up for England as well. The town has a Triathlon Club. [20]
Petersfield has cycling groups including a local CTC group and The Petersfield Mountain Bikers.[21]
Government
Before the creation of the East Hampshire constituency in 1983, the town had been represented through the Petersfield constituency. Petersfield is now part of the parliamentary constituency of East Hampshire. Its Member of Parliament (MP) is Damian Hinds, a member of the Conservative Party.
The East Hampshire District Council (EHDC) offices are in Petersfield.
Petersfield Cemetery, situated in Ramshill, was opened in 1857.[22]
Transport
Petersfield railway station is on the Portsmouth Direct Line between London and Portsmouth. A branch line to Midhurst closed in 1955. The main station buildings date from the opening of the line in 1859 and are of a "town" type.
Petersfield stood at a major crossroads until the A3 London to Portsmouth road was bypassed to the west of the town. The A272 bypasses the town via the A3 and a link road to Sheet on its route between Winchester, Hampshire's county town, and Heathfield, East Sussex.
Schools
State schools
The local state secondary school is The Petersfield School, usually referred to as 'TPS'. Primary schools are Petersfield Infant School, Sheet Primary School and Herne Junior School. A number of other local primary schools (Langrish, East Meon, West Meon, Steep and Buriton) feed into the Petersfield secondary schools.
Petersfield lacks a state-sector sixth-form. Pupils normally continue their education at Havant and South Downs College, Bohunt sixth form or Alton College.
Independent schools
The town and the surrounding villages are home to several independent schools. Churcher's College is in Petersfield, and counts Tim Rodber and Tiny Rowland amongst its former pupils. Ditcham Park School is just outside the town, and Bedales School is in the neighbouring village of Steep.
The former Moreton House School in the town centre was bought by Churcher's College in 1993 to become Churcher's College Junior School, but it soon outgrew these premises and subsequently relocated to Liphook. The old Moreton House school site was converted to housing.
Local media
ITV Meridian is the local ITV television franchise and viewers see the South version of BBC One. Services are received from the Midhurst transmitting station.
delta radio was the local radio station for the area until 2010 when it merged with Kestrel FM from Basingstoke. It became The Breeze in December 2012. That station was closed in September 2020 and replaced by a national service,[23] Greatest Hits Radio. A local volunteer group tested the potential for a non-profit community radio service in January 2019 and began making local speech podcasts that year. In August 2020 it started a 24-hour local radio service[24] for Petersfield called Petersfield's Shine Radio. The service broadcasts online. ITV News Chief Correspondent Richard Gaisford is among the project's supporters.[25]
Petersfield has three weekly newspapers, The Petersfield Messenger, Petersfield Post and Petersfield Herald. There is a monthly community magazine, Life in Petersfield.
Commerce, business, industry
There is employment in shops and offices in the town centre, and farms in nearby villages, while other people commute to London and Portsmouth. Light industry tends to be concentrated on the Bedford Road estate on the west side of Petersfield, including Whitman Laboratories (part of Estée Lauder). In 2007 the Norwegian-owned oil-supply giant Aibel Ltd added an engineering office in addition to their UK head office in Petersfield.
Rubber products were manufactured in the town from 1919 to the 1980s, making parts for footwear, and in the 1930s sets of interlocking bricks as construction toys, marketed as Minibrix, pre-dating the plastic versions created by Lego.[26]
Notable people
William Cowper (c.1666-1709), anatomist| Surgeon William Cowper (c. 1666 – 1709), who gave his name to Cowper's gland, was born in Petersfield. John Goodyer (botanist), Thomas Horder, 1st Baron Horder (Royal physician), Stuart Piggott (archaeologist),[27] Professor David Wands (cosmologist) and John Worlidge (agriculturalist) have links to the town.
Actors Jamie Campbell Bower, Arthur Brough, Tamsin Egerton, Ellis Jones, Alex Lawther[28] and Miranda Hart were all born or live in Petersfield, as are the BBC Radio 4's soap opera The Archers actors Charles Collingwood (Brian Aldridge) and Edward Kelsey (Joe Grundy).[citation needed] Sir Alec Guinness and his wife are buried in Petersfield.[29] In the music world, opera director Ella Marchment, tenor Wilfred Brown, Sir William Henry Harris and composer Michael John Hurd have connections to the town; Mark Owen of Take That lives in Petersfield.
Children's author Michelle Magorian lives in Petersfield.[30] Author Ursula Moray Williams (1911–2006) was born there[31] and John Wyndham (1903–1969), who wrote Day of the Triffids, lived in the town.[32]
Vice Admiral Sir Stuart Bonham Carter (1972) and Sir Percy Wyn-Harris, mountaineer and Governor of The Gambia (1979) died in Petersfield. Victoria Cross holder Commander Loftus William Jones, killed at the Battle of Jutland, was born in Petersfield. From the citation:
Commander Jones was hit by a shell, which took off his leg above the knee, but he continued to give orders to his gun's crew, while a Chief Stoker improvised a tourniquet round his thigh. Noticing that the Ensign was not properly hoisted, he gave orders for another to be hoisted.[33]
The Right Reverend Arthur Chandler, Bishop of Bloemfontein, retired to Petersfield where he died in 1939.[34] The Right Reverend Christopher Lowson, Bishop of Lincoln, was vicar of Petersfield from 1991 to 1999.[35]
In the sporting world, John Small, shopkeeper, cobbler, and Hambledon cricketer is buried in the churchyard of St Peter's. Footballer Calum Chambers was born in Petersfield in 1995. John Westwood, a notable football fan, lives in the town and is a partner in Petersfield Bookshop, which has two Royal Warrants and celebrated its centenary in 2018. Erica Roe, known for streaking at Twickenham in 1982, was working at the bookshop at the time.[36]
Twin Towns
Petersfield is twinned with:
References
- ^ "Parish Headcounts, Area: Petersfield CP". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. 2001. Retrieved 12 March 2008.
- ^ "Home". South Downs National Park.
- ^ "Archaeology of Petersfield & Surrounds". Retrieved 8 March 2015.
- ^ "People of the Heath". Retrieved 11 March 2015.
- ^ "Normandy". www.robertsewell.ca.
- ^ . Archived from the original on 11 January 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
- ^ "Petersfield Heath". Hampshire County Council. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
- ^ "Tarw in English with contextual examples - MyMemory". mymemory.translated.net.
- ^ "Petersfield Festivals". Retrieved 11 March 2015.
- ^ "RHS". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ^ "Petersfield Arts & Crafts Society - promoting arts & crafts in Petersfield". Petersfield Arts & Crafts Society. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
- ^ "About - Petersfield Youth Theatre". Petersfield Youth Theatre.
- ^ "About Us". Winton Players. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
- ^ "The Petersfield Shakespeare Festival". Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- ^ "Petersfield Musical Festival". Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- ^ "PACT - The Kings Arms". Retrieved 29 November 2014.
- ^ "NOSTALGIA: Decade has passed since popular cinema was demolished". Horndean Post.
- ^ "A brief history of Petersfield". Retrieved 11 March 2015.
- ^ "Life Church Petersfield". Retrieved 18 November 2022.
- ^ "Petersfield Taro Centre". Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ "Petersfield Mountain Bikers". Retrieved 25 April 2014.
- ^ "Cemetery service | East Hampshire District Council". www.easthants.gov.uk.
- ^ "Most of acquired Bauer stations to become Greatest Hits Radio". RadioToday. 27 May 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
- ^ "Shine Radio fast facts | Petersfield's Shine Radio". Retrieved 29 December 2020.
- ^ "Breakfast TV stalwart to help set up Petersfield radio station". Retrieved 28 December 2018.
- ^ Gerald Davies (1998). "The Rubber Industry in Petersfield" (PDF). Southampton University Industrial Archaeology Group. 7: 8–10. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
- ^ (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0-902-198-84-X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
- ^ "London's top 25 under-25s: they're young and successful - deal with it". Evening Standard. 28 March 2013.
- ^ Demetriou, Danielle (11 August 2000). "Sir Alec laid to rest near family home" – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
- ^ "Local author misses out on award". News, Portsmouth. 28 January 2009. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
- ^ "Obituary: Ursula Moray Williams". The Independent. 7 November 2006. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
- ^ "John Wyndham". Literary Encyclopedia. 7 November 2006. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- ^ "Admiralty". The London Gazette. No. 29972. 6 March 1917. p. 2254. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
- ^ "A history of Christianity in Petersfield: the stories of the local churches": Petersfield, Petersfield Area Historical Society, 2001 Monograph No 4 ISSN 0262-5970
- ^ "The History of St Peter's Petersfield". Retrieved 22 February 2019.
- ^ . The Independent. 25 January 2006. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009. Retrieved 10 December 2009.
- ^ a b Chapman, Phil (May 2006). "Petersfield Twinning Association". Hampshire County Council. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- ^ . Archant Community Media Ltd. Archived from the original on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
Further reading
- Jeffery, David (2017). Petersfield At Work: People and Industries Through the Years. Amberley Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4456-7261-8.
External links
- East Hampshire District Council
- Petersfield Area Historical Society (researching local history)
- Historical information and sources on GENUKI
- 1912-1922 historic film showing fair, horses and shopfronts