fbpx
Wikipedia

Penguin (missile)

May 09, 2023

The Penguin anti-ship missile, designated AGM-119 by the U.S. military, is a Norwegian passive IR seeker-based short-to-medium range anti-ship guided missile, designed for naval use.

Penguin
A U.S. Navy SH-60B Seahawk helicopter fires an AGM-119 missile off the coast of Okinawa, Japan, in July 2002.
Typelittoral anti-ship missile
Place of originNorway
Service history
In service1972-present
Production history
ManufacturerKongsberg Defence & Aerospace
Specifications
Mass385 kg (849 lb) (MK2), 370 kg (820 lb) (MK3)
Length3.0 m (MK2), 3.2 m (MK3)
Diameter28 cm
Warhead120 kg (MK2), 130 kg (MK3)
Detonation
mechanism
delay fuze
EngineSolid propellant sustainer
Wingspan1.4 m (MK2), 1.0 m (MK3)
Operational
range
34+ km (MK2), 55+ km (MK3)
Flight altitudesea skimming
Maximum speed high subsonic
Guidance
system
pulse-laser, passive IR (MK2), passive IR, radar altimeter (MK3)
Launch
platform
naval ships, helicopters (MK2), fixed-wing aircraft (MK3)

Overview

Penguin was originally developed in a collaboration between the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (NDRE; Norw. FFI) and Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk[1] starting in the early 1960s, with financial support from the U.S. and West Germany. US Navy test facilities and technical assistance were made available to facilitate development.[2] It was the first NATO anti-shipping missile with an IR seeker instead of the commonly used active radar seeker. Both hardware and software have been updated since entering series production in 1972.

Initial installation was in 500 kg deck-mounted box launchers with snap-open doors. These were designed for minimal deck intrusion, allowing them to be retrofitted to existing small ships. The first such installations were on Snøgg-class and Storm-class patrol boats of the Norwegian Navy. The first airborne installations were on F-104Gs of the Norwegian Air Force, the missiles being fitted to standard Bullpup rails on the two underwing hardpoints.

Fire-control was provided by a Kongsberg SM-3 computer which could cue the missiles based on either active radar or passive ESM data.[3]

The Penguin can be fired singly or in coordinated-arrival salvoes. Once launched the launching craft is free to turn away as the missile is inertially guided until the autonomous terminal homing phase. Propelled by a solid rocket engine, latest variants of Penguin can perform random weaving manoeuvres at target approach and strike the target close to the waterline.

Of NATO's inventory of such missiles, it is the only variant that performs a terminal bunt and weave manoeuvre[citation needed] (although the US Harpoon missile retains its ability to execute a terminal bunt). The 120 kg warhead (originally based on that of the AGM-12 Bullpup, built under license by Kongsberg) detonates inside the target ship by using a delay fuze. The MK3 when launched from high altitudes can initially act as a glidebomb, only firing its rocket engine to extend range, or ideally to achieve maximum speed before hitting the target; for better penetration.

 
Penguin MK3 (missile) displayed in the Norwegian Armed Forces Aircraft Collection
 
A Penguin MK2 mod 6 of the Norwegian Navy with its launch canister

In its various versions, the Penguin can be launched from a number of different weapons platforms:

KDA's successor to the Penguin is the Naval Strike Missile (NSM), offered from 2007 onwards. NSM features an imaging IR-seeker, GPS navigation, a turbojet sustainer engine (for much longer ranges: 185+ km), and significantly more computer performance and digital signal processing power.

Penguin missiles were donated to Ukraine in May 2022.

Operators

Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA) stated in November 2022 that Penguin Mk 2 mod 7 was in service in Brazil, Greece, New Zealand, Spain and Turkey and had been phased out by the US Navy.[4]

Current

Former


Notes

  1. ^ Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA) was formerly a part of Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk (KV) (1814–1986) and Norsk Forsvarsteknologi (NFT) (1987–1994), and is now part of Kongsberg Gruppen (KOG).
  2. ^ Bill Gunston, Illustrated Encyclopaedia of Rockets and Missiles, Salamander Books, 1979
  3. ^ Jane's Weapon Systems, 1970 - 71
  4. ^ "Missilet påsto både at det var armert og ikke armert – da gikk alarmen på Rygge". Teknisk Ukeblad. 26 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  5. ^ "Diário Oficial da União".[permanent dead link]
  6. ^ Rolleiv Solholm (2 October 2012). "Kongsberg to deliver missiles to Brazil". The Norway Post. Retrieved 7 October 2012.[permanent dead link]
  7. ^ "Royal New Zealand Navy selects KONGSBERGs Penguin anti-ship missile for Seasprite helicopters". 29 November 2013.
  8. ^ Solholm, Rolleiv (3 December 2013). "New Zealand selects Norwegian made anti-ship missile". The Norway Post. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
  9. ^ Rathbone, John (20 May 2022). "Military briefing: Ukraine seeks way to break Russia's Black Sea blockade". The Financial Times. Retrieved 20 August 2022.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to AGM-119 Penguin.
  • FFI - The Norwegian penguin can fly

May 09, 2023
penguin, missile, penguin, anti, ship, missile, designated, military, norwegian, passive, seeker, based, short, medium, range, anti, ship, guided, missile, designed, naval, penguina, navy, seahawk, helicopter, fires, missile, coast, okinawa, japan, july, 2002,. The Penguin anti ship missile designated AGM 119 by the U S military is a Norwegian passive IR seeker based short to medium range anti ship guided missile designed for naval use PenguinA U S Navy SH 60B Seahawk helicopter fires an AGM 119 missile off the coast of Okinawa Japan in July 2002 Typelittoral anti ship missilePlace of originNorwayService historyIn service1972 presentProduction historyManufacturerKongsberg Defence amp AerospaceSpecificationsMass385 kg 849 lb MK2 370 kg 820 lb MK3 Length3 0 m MK2 3 2 m MK3 Diameter28 cmWarhead120 kg MK2 130 kg MK3 Detonationmechanismdelay fuzeEngineSolid propellant sustainerWingspan1 4 m MK2 1 0 m MK3 Operationalrange34 km MK2 55 km MK3 Flight altitudesea skimmingMaximum speedhigh subsonicGuidancesystempulse laser passive IR MK2 passive IR radar altimeter MK3 Launchplatformnaval ships helicopters MK2 fixed wing aircraft MK3 Contents 1 Overview 2 Operators 2 1 Current 2 2 Former 3 Notes 4 External linksOverview EditPenguin was originally developed in a collaboration between the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment NDRE Norw FFI and Kongsberg Vapenfabrikk 1 starting in the early 1960s with financial support from the U S and West Germany US Navy test facilities and technical assistance were made available to facilitate development 2 It was the first NATO anti shipping missile with an IR seeker instead of the commonly used active radar seeker Both hardware and software have been updated since entering series production in 1972 Initial installation was in 500 kg deck mounted box launchers with snap open doors These were designed for minimal deck intrusion allowing them to be retrofitted to existing small ships The first such installations were on Snogg class and Storm class patrol boats of the Norwegian Navy The first airborne installations were on F 104Gs of the Norwegian Air Force the missiles being fitted to standard Bullpup rails on the two underwing hardpoints Fire control was provided by a Kongsberg SM 3 computer which could cue the missiles based on either active radar or passive ESM data 3 The Penguin can be fired singly or in coordinated arrival salvoes Once launched the launching craft is free to turn away as the missile is inertially guided until the autonomous terminal homing phase Propelled by a solid rocket engine latest variants of Penguin can perform random weaving manoeuvres at target approach and strike the target close to the waterline Of NATO s inventory of such missiles it is the only variant that performs a terminal bunt and weave manoeuvre citation needed although the US Harpoon missile retains its ability to execute a terminal bunt The 120 kg warhead originally based on that of the AGM 12 Bullpup built under license by Kongsberg detonates inside the target ship by using a delay fuze The MK3 when launched from high altitudes can initially act as a glidebomb only firing its rocket engine to extend range or ideally to achieve maximum speed before hitting the target for better penetration Penguin MK3 missile displayed in the Norwegian Armed Forces Aircraft Collection A Penguin MK2 mod 6 of the Norwegian Navy with its launch canister In its various versions the Penguin can be launched from a number of different weapons platforms Surface vessels Missile boats its initial application as well as larger ships Fighter aircraft certified for F 16 Helicopters certified for the following aircraft Bell 412 SP Kaman SH 2 Seasprite Sikorsky SH 60 Seahawk MH 60 Seahawk Westland Super LynxKDA s successor to the Penguin is the Naval Strike Missile NSM offered from 2007 onwards NSM features an imaging IR seeker GPS navigation a turbojet sustainer engine for much longer ranges 185 km and significantly more computer performance and digital signal processing power Penguin missiles were donated to Ukraine in May 2022 Operators EditKongsberg Defence amp Aerospace KDA stated in November 2022 that Penguin Mk 2 mod 7 was in service in Brazil Greece New Zealand Spain and Turkey and had been phased out by the US Navy 4 Current Edit Brazil Acquired for use in Brazilian Navy s S 70B helicopters at a cost of 33 million 5 6 Greece In service with the Hellenic Navy since 1980 New Zealand In service with the Royal New Zealand Navy s purchased Royal Australian Navy s cancelled Super Seasprite helicopters including Penguin Mk 2 Mod 7 missiles and simulator 7 8 Spain In service with the Spanish Navy since 2003 Turkey In service with the Turkish Navy since 1972 Ukraine In service with the Armed Forces of Ukraine since 2022 as part of foreign military aid delivered due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine 9 Former Edit Norway In service with both the Royal Norwegian Navy since 1972 and Royal Norwegian Air Force since 1989 Sweden Was in service with the Swedish Navy from 1980 as Robotsystem 12 Taken out of service in 2005 In storage Set to be replaced United States In service with the United States Navy as the AGM 119 since 1994 Notes Edit Kongsberg Defence amp Aerospace KDA was formerly a part of Kongsberg Vapenfabrikk KV 1814 1986 and Norsk Forsvarsteknologi NFT 1987 1994 and is now part of Kongsberg Gruppen KOG Bill Gunston Illustrated Encyclopaedia of Rockets and Missiles Salamander Books 1979 Jane s Weapon Systems 1970 71 Missilet pasto bade at det var armert og ikke armert da gikk alarmen pa Rygge Teknisk Ukeblad 26 November 2022 Retrieved 26 November 2022 Diario Oficial da Uniao permanent dead link Rolleiv Solholm 2 October 2012 Kongsberg to deliver missiles to Brazil The Norway Post Retrieved 7 October 2012 permanent dead link Royal New Zealand Navy selects KONGSBERGs Penguin anti ship missile for Seasprite helicopters 29 November 2013 Solholm Rolleiv 3 December 2013 New Zealand selects Norwegian made anti ship missile The Norway Post Retrieved 7 December 2013 Rathbone John 20 May 2022 Military briefing Ukraine seeks way to break Russia s Black Sea blockade The Financial Times Retrieved 20 August 2022 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to AGM 119 Penguin FFI The Norwegian penguin can fly Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Penguin missile amp oldid 1153017217, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.