Pedro Pablo Ramirez Menchaca (30 January 1884 – 12 May 1962) was the fascist-leaning President of Argentina from 7 June 1943, to 24 February 1944. He was the founder and leader of Guardia Nacional, Argentina's fascist militia.[1]
After graduating from the Argentine military college in 1904 as a second lieutenant, Ramírez was promoted in 1910 as first lieutenant of the cavalry. In 1911, he was sent to Germany for training with the Fifth Hussars cavalry in Kaiser Wilhelm II's Prussian Army. He returned home in 1913, with a German wife, prior to the outbreak of World War I.[2] Advancing in rank as a specialist in cavalry tactics, he assisted fellow General José Félix Uriburu in an authoritarian coup that deposed Hipólito Yrigoyen in 1930. Ramírez was sent to Rome to observe Mussolini's army until his return in 1932.[citation needed]
When Uriburu set free elections and then died, General Ramírez worked behind the scenes to plan a return of fascism to Argentina. Over the next several years, he organized the Milicia Nacionalista (later the Guardia), and authored a program for a state ruled by the militia. In 1942, Ramírez was appointed War Minister by President Ramón Castillo, and began to reorganize the Argentine Army. At the same time, the Guardia Nacional joined with another party to form "Recuperacion Nacional," a fascist political party. Castillo fired Ramírez following a cabinet meeting on 18 May 1943. Two weeks later, on 4 June 1943, Ramírez assisted Arturo Rawson in overthrowing Castillo's government, and was again made Minister of War. Three days later, on 7 June Ramírez forced Rawson's resignation and maintained Argentina's neutrality during World War II. Because of this, the United States refused Argentine requests for Lend-Lease aid. Argentina finally declared war on Germany and Japan during the government of Edelmiro Farrell.[citation needed]
Despite having been brought to power through a coup d'état, Peronist historiography never calls him a dictator.[3]
In popular cultureEdit
Ramirez makes a brief appearance in the film Evita during the song "The Lady's Got Potential", which depicts Juan Perón's rise to power. Here he is depicted as a very elderly man, played by Hector Malamud.
pedro, pablo, ramírez, pedro, pablo, ramirez, menchaca, january, 1884, 1962, fascist, leaning, president, argentina, from, june, 1943, february, 1944, founder, leader, guardia, nacional, argentina, fascist, militia, president, argentinade, factoin, office, jun. Pedro Pablo Ramirez Menchaca 30 January 1884 12 May 1962 was the fascist leaning President of Argentina from 7 June 1943 to 24 February 1944 He was the founder and leader of Guardia Nacional Argentina s fascist militia 1 Pedro Pablo RamirezPresident of ArgentinaDe factoIn office 7 June 1943 23 February 1944Appointed byMilitary juntaVice PresidentSaba Sueyro Jun Oct 1943 Edelmiro Julian Farrell 1943 1944 Preceded byArturo Rawson de facto Succeeded byEdelmiro Julian Farrell de facto Personal detailsBorn30 January 1884La Paz Entre RiosDied12 May 1962 1962 05 12 aged 78 Buenos AiresNationalityArgentineSpouseMaria Ines Lobato MulleProfessionMilitarySignatureMilitary serviceBranch serviceArgentine ArmyYears of service1904 1944RankMajor General Contents 1 Life and career 2 In popular culture 3 References 4 External linksLife and career EditAfter graduating from the Argentine military college in 1904 as a second lieutenant Ramirez was promoted in 1910 as first lieutenant of the cavalry In 1911 he was sent to Germany for training with the Fifth Hussars cavalry in Kaiser Wilhelm II s Prussian Army He returned home in 1913 with a German wife prior to the outbreak of World War I 2 Advancing in rank as a specialist in cavalry tactics he assisted fellow General Jose Felix Uriburu in an authoritarian coup that deposed Hipolito Yrigoyen in 1930 Ramirez was sent to Rome to observe Mussolini s army until his return in 1932 citation needed When Uriburu set free elections and then died General Ramirez worked behind the scenes to plan a return of fascism to Argentina Over the next several years he organized the Milicia Nacionalista later the Guardia and authored a program for a state ruled by the militia In 1942 Ramirez was appointed War Minister by President Ramon Castillo and began to reorganize the Argentine Army At the same time the Guardia Nacional joined with another party to form Recuperacion Nacional a fascist political party Castillo fired Ramirez following a cabinet meeting on 18 May 1943 Two weeks later on 4 June 1943 Ramirez assisted Arturo Rawson in overthrowing Castillo s government and was again made Minister of War Three days later on 7 June Ramirez forced Rawson s resignation and maintained Argentina s neutrality during World War II Because of this the United States refused Argentine requests for Lend Lease aid Argentina finally declared war on Germany and Japan during the government of Edelmiro Farrell citation needed Despite having been brought to power through a coup d etat Peronist historiography never calls him a dictator 3 In popular culture EditRamirez makes a brief appearance in the film Evita during the song The Lady s Got Potential which depicts Juan Peron s rise to power Here he is depicted as a very elderly man played by Hector Malamud References Edit Current Biography 1943 p 608 Current Biography 1943 pp 608 611 Mendelevich Pablo 2010 El Final Buenos Aires Ediciones B p 147 ISBN 978 987 627 166 0 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pedro Pablo Ramirez Pedro Pablo Ramirez at Find a Grave nbsp Newspaper clippings about Pedro Pablo Ramirez in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBWPolitical officesPreceded byArturo Rawson President of Argentina1943 1944 Succeeded byEdelmiro Farrell Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pedro Pablo Ramirez amp oldid 1118052406, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
