Arturo Rawson (June 4, 1885 – October 8, 1952) was an Argentine politician, military officer, and the provisional President of the Republic from June 4, 1943, to June 6, 1943.[1][2][3]
Rawson was born in Santiago del Estero in 1885 to a San Juan family of American origin.[4][5] Through his grandfather Juan de Dios Rawson, he was related to Guillermo Rawson. Rawson attended Argentina’s Military College, which he graduated from in 1905[3] and subsequently taught at for a time. Rawson rose through the ranks of the Argentine Army and was eventually promoted to general. By 1943, Rawson was the Commanding Officer of Cavalry at Campo de Mayo.[citation needed] On June 3, 1943, Rawson was contacted by members of the GOU (United Officers' Group), a group of military officers planning to overthrow Argentina's civilian government. The GOU, lacking the sufficient number of troops needed to successfully implement a coup, knew Rawson could provide the soldiers they required. Rawson, who had been scheming to overthrow the government even before he was contacted by the GOU, agreed to their plan. On June 4, Rawson and 10,000 troops under his command entered Buenos Aires and overthrew the government of Ramón Castillo. This ended the historical period known as the Infamous Decade and started the Revolution of '43.
Rawson promptly declared himself president of Argentina the same day, beating Pedro Pablo Ramírez to do so.[6] However, his choices for his cabinet alienated the GOU leadership, who forced him to resign on June 7. Rawson, as Castillo did, supported the Allies of World War II, but the bulk of the military that organized the coup wanted Argentina to stay neutral in the conflict, considering that joining the war would prove destructive for the country. Colonel Elbio Anaya appeared at his office and told him that he was ruling because of a misunderstanding, as the president was Ramírez. Rawson resigned, and rejected the military escort, leaving the Casa Rosada on a military jeep. His time as president was so brief that he never actually made the Oath of office. Even so, he did not take power as an interim president, but expecting to rule for a long time.[7] Thus, Rawson has had the second shortest mandate of any Argentine president, and the shortest mandate of any Argentine non-acting president, holding the office for just three days (the first being Federico Pinedo with 12 hours).[6]
After resigning as president, Rawson was appointed Ambassador to Brazil, a post he would hold until 1944.[3] He congratulated Ramírez when he broke relations with Germany and Japan.[8] In 1945, Rawson was arrested and brought before a military tribunal for opposing the government of President Edelmiro Farrell, but he was quickly released. In September 1951, Rawson supported General José Benjamín Menéndez’s failed attempt to overthrow the government of Juan Perón, for which Rawson was temporarily imprisoned. He wrote the book Argentina y Bolivia en la epopeya de la emancipación (literally "Argentina and Bolivia in the Liberation epic"). Rawson died of a heart attack in Buenos Aires in 1952. He is buried at La Recoleta Cemetery in Buenos Aires.
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Arturo Rawson news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message Arturo Rawson June 4 1885 October 8 1952 was an Argentine politician military officer and the provisional President of the Republic from June 4 1943 to June 6 1943 1 2 3 Arturo RawsonPresident of ArgentinaDe factoIn office June 4 1943 June 6 1943Appointed byMilitary juntaVice PresidentNonePreceded byRamon CastilloSucceeded byPedro Pablo Ramirez de facto Personal detailsBorn 1885 06 04 June 4 1885Santiago del EsteroDiedOctober 8 1952 1952 10 08 aged 67 Buenos AiresNationalityArgentinePolitical partyIndependentSpouseDelia Sixta Borda 1895 1983 ProfessionMilitaryHis coup started a series which culminated in the accession to power of the Labor Party just 3 years later citation needed Contents 1 Biography 2 See also 3 Bibliography 4 ReferencesBiography editRawson was born in Santiago del Estero in 1885 to a San Juan family of American origin 4 5 Through his grandfather Juan de Dios Rawson he was related to Guillermo Rawson Rawson attended Argentina s Military College which he graduated from in 1905 3 and subsequently taught at for a time Rawson rose through the ranks of the Argentine Army and was eventually promoted to general By 1943 Rawson was the Commanding Officer of Cavalry at Campo de Mayo citation needed On June 3 1943 Rawson was contacted by members of the GOU United Officers Group a group of military officers planning to overthrow Argentina s civilian government The GOU lacking the sufficient number of troops needed to successfully implement a coup knew Rawson could provide the soldiers they required Rawson who had been scheming to overthrow the government even before he was contacted by the GOU agreed to their plan On June 4 Rawson and 10 000 troops under his command entered Buenos Aires and overthrew the government of Ramon Castillo This ended the historical period known as the Infamous Decade and started the Revolution of 43 Rawson promptly declared himself president of Argentina the same day beating Pedro Pablo Ramirez to do so 6 However his choices for his cabinet alienated the GOU leadership who forced him to resign on June 7 Rawson as Castillo did supported the Allies of World War II but the bulk of the military that organized the coup wanted Argentina to stay neutral in the conflict considering that joining the war would prove destructive for the country Colonel Elbio Anaya appeared at his office and told him that he was ruling because of a misunderstanding as the president was Ramirez Rawson resigned and rejected the military escort leaving the Casa Rosada on a military jeep His time as president was so brief that he never actually made the Oath of office Even so he did not take power as an interim president but expecting to rule for a long time 7 Thus Rawson has had the second shortest mandate of any Argentine president and the shortest mandate of any Argentine non acting president holding the office for just three days the first being Federico Pinedo with 12 hours 6 After resigning as president Rawson was appointed Ambassador to Brazil a post he would hold until 1944 3 He congratulated Ramirez when he broke relations with Germany and Japan 8 In 1945 Rawson was arrested and brought before a military tribunal for opposing the government of President Edelmiro Farrell but he was quickly released In September 1951 Rawson supported General Jose Benjamin Menendez s failed attempt to overthrow the government of Juan Peron for which Rawson was temporarily imprisoned He wrote the book Argentina y Bolivia en la epopeya de la emancipacion literally Argentina and Bolivia in the Liberation epic Rawson died of a heart attack in Buenos Aires in 1952 He is buried at La Recoleta Cemetery in Buenos Aires See also edit nbsp Biography portal nbsp Politics portalBibliography editMendelevich Pablo 2010 El Final Buenos Aires Ediciones B ISBN 978 987 627 166 0 References edit Argentina History Facts Map amp Culture Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 2018 08 18 Biografia de Arturo Rawson 2016 03 04 Archived from the original on 2016 03 04 Retrieved 2018 08 18 a b c TheBiography us Biography of Arturo Rawson 1884 1952 Archived from the original on 2018 08 18 Retrieved 2018 08 18 Biografia de Arturo Rawson www biografiasyvidas com in Spanish Retrieved 2018 08 18 Aman Rawson Hull b 1794 Montague MA Estados Unidos d 11 Jan 1847 San Juan San Juan Argentina Genealogia Familiar 2015 10 03 Archived from the original on 2015 10 03 Retrieved 2018 08 18 a b Mendelevich p 144 Mendelevich p 145 Mendelevich p 146 Political officesPreceded byRamon Castillo President of Argentina1943 Succeeded byPedro P Ramirez Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Arturo Rawson amp oldid 1174793607, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
