Paul Wranitzky (Czech: Pavel Vranický, 30 December 1756 – 29 September 1808) was a Moravian-Austrian classicalcomposer. His half brother, Antonín, was also a composer.
From 1790, he conducted both royal theater orchestras. He was highly respected by Mozart, Haydn and Beethoven; the latter two preferred him as conductor of their new works (e.g., Beethoven's First Symphony in 1800)[citation needed]. Wranitzky was a prolific composer. His output comprises ten operas, 44 symphonies, at least 56 string quartets (some sources give a number as high as 73)[This quote needs a citation] and a large amount of other orchestral and chamber music. His opera, Oberon – The Fairy King from 1789 was a favorite in this genre and inspired Emanuel Schikaneder to write the libretto of The Magic Flute for Mozart in 1791; in the mid-1790s, Goethe sought to collaborate with Wranitzky on a sequel to the Mozart opera. Today, Wranitzky is identified as being one of three possible composers said to have composed the Austrian national anthem (the identity of the actual composer is not definitively known).[2]
In 1797, four years after the execution of Louis XVI, Wranitzky wrote Grand Characteristic Symphony for the Peace with the French Republic, which includes the "Funeral March on the Execution of Louis XVI".[3]
Wranitzky died in Vienna on 29 September 1808. Beethoven wrote Variations on a Russian Dance (WoO 71), based on a theme in Wranitzky's ballet Das Waldmädchen (The Forest Maiden).
Controversyedit
Although some scholars believe that he studied with Haydn, there is no proof of this. However, it is certain that he studied and was influenced by Haydn's string quartets. As with Haydn, Wranitzky's quartet writing went through many stages of development beginning with the pre-classical and evolving to the finished sonata form of late Viennese classicism. The majority of his quartets are in three movements; many share the qualities of the Parisian quatuor concertant, with virtuoso writing in all four parts. In these works, he explored the emerging Romantic style with (for the time) daring harmonic progressions, theatrical gestures and virtuoso display. Based on the ten Wranitzky quartets he has studied, music historian and Anton Reicha scholar Ron Drummond writes, "I can safely and with absolute confidence say that Wranitzky's achievement as a composer of string quartets is a greater achievement, overall, than Mozart's. Lest that statement be misunderstood, let me clarify: it's simply that Wranitzky's output dwarfs Mozart's, and the quality of each man's (mature) productions is so superb that Wranitzky wins by sheer numbers."[4]
Writing about Wranitzky's music in the last part of the 19th century, the Belgian critic and musicologist François-Joseph Fétis recalled, "The music of Wranitzky was in fashion when it was new because of his natural melodies and brilliant style. He treats the orchestra well, especially in symphonies. I recall that, in my youth, his works held up very well in comparison with those of Haydn. Their premature abandonment of today has been for me a source of astonishment."
Worksedit
Stage worksedit
Symphony Op. 31 The Revolution or La Paix
First part of the introduction
Symphony Op. 31 The Revolution or La Paix
2nd part of movement no. 2, known also as "The Funeral March for the Death of the King Louis XVI" as is in the original score
Symphony Op. 25 La Chasse
Movement no. 4; first 57 seconds (All three performances: Porticodoro / SmartCGArt Media Productions – Classical Orchestra)
"Bundeshymne der Republik Österreich"
The Austrian national anthem, which Wranitzky is said to have possibly composed.
^Diederichs, Joachim [in German] (2018). [From whom is the melody of the Austrian national anthem?]. Österreichische Musikzeitschrift (in German). Vienna: Hollitzer Verlag. pp. 79–82. Archived from the original on 2019-06-07. Retrieved 7 June 2019., year 73
^Will, Richard. "The Characteristic Symphony in the Age of Haydn and Beethoven". Introduction. Cambridge University Press (2010). ISBN9780511481895. P. 5
^"Czech Classicism – The Sweat of the Brow", Appendic C in The String Quartets of Anton Reicha by Ron Drummond
paul, wranitzky, czech, pavel, vranický, december, 1756, september, 1808, moravian, austrian, classical, composer, half, brother, antonín, also, composer, contents, life, controversy, works, stage, works, other, works, references, external, linkslife, editwran. Paul Wranitzky Czech Pavel Vranicky 30 December 1756 29 September 1808 was a Moravian Austrian classical composer His half brother Antonin was also a composer Paul Wranitzky Contents 1 Life 2 Controversy 3 Works 3 1 Stage works 3 2 Other works 4 References 5 External linksLife editWranitzky was born in Neureisch Nova Rise in Habsburg Moravia 1 He studied at the Faculty of Theology of University of Olomouc and later a theological seminary in Vienna At age 20 like so many other Czech composers of that period he moved to Vienna to seek out opportunities within the Austrian imperial capital From 1790 he conducted both royal theater orchestras He was highly respected by Mozart Haydn and Beethoven the latter two preferred him as conductor of their new works e g Beethoven s First Symphony in 1800 citation needed Wranitzky was a prolific composer His output comprises ten operas 44 symphonies at least 56 string quartets some sources give a number as high as 73 This quote needs a citation and a large amount of other orchestral and chamber music His opera Oberon The Fairy King from 1789 was a favorite in this genre and inspired Emanuel Schikaneder to write the libretto of The Magic Flute for Mozart in 1791 in the mid 1790s Goethe sought to collaborate with Wranitzky on a sequel to the Mozart opera Today Wranitzky is identified as being one of three possible composers said to have composed the Austrian national anthem the identity of the actual composer is not definitively known 2 In 1797 four years after the execution of Louis XVI Wranitzky wrote Grand Characteristic Symphony for the Peace with the French Republic which includes the Funeral March on the Execution of Louis XVI 3 Wranitzky died in Vienna on 29 September 1808 Beethoven wrote Variations on a Russian Dance WoO 71 based on a theme in Wranitzky s ballet Das Waldmadchen The Forest Maiden Controversy editAlthough some scholars believe that he studied with Haydn there is no proof of this However it is certain that he studied and was influenced by Haydn s string quartets As with Haydn Wranitzky s quartet writing went through many stages of development beginning with the pre classical and evolving to the finished sonata form of late Viennese classicism The majority of his quartets are in three movements many share the qualities of the Parisian quatuor concertant with virtuoso writing in all four parts In these works he explored the emerging Romantic style with for the time daring harmonic progressions theatrical gestures and virtuoso display Based on the ten Wranitzky quartets he has studied music historian and Anton Reicha scholar Ron Drummond writes I can safely and with absolute confidence say that Wranitzky s achievement as a composer of string quartets is a greater achievement overall than Mozart s Lest that statement be misunderstood let me clarify it s simply that Wranitzky s output dwarfs Mozart s and the quality of each man s mature productions is so superb that Wranitzky wins by sheer numbers 4 Writing about Wranitzky s music in the last part of the 19th century the Belgian critic and musicologist Francois Joseph Fetis recalled The music of Wranitzky was in fashion when it was new because of his natural melodies and brilliant style He treats the orchestra well especially in symphonies I recall that in my youth his works held up very well in comparison with those of Haydn Their premature abandonment of today has been for me a source of astonishment Works editStage works edit nbsp Symphony Op 31 The Revolution or La Paix source source First part of the introductionSymphony Op 31 The Revolution or La Paix source source 2nd part of movement no 2 known also as The Funeral March for the Death of the King Louis XVI as is in the original scoreSymphony Op 25 La Chasse source source Movement no 4 first 57 seconds All three performances Porticodoro SmartCGArt Media Productions Classical Orchestra Bundeshymne der Republik Osterreich source source track track track track track track track track track track track The Austrian national anthem which Wranitzky is said to have possibly composed Problems playing these files See media help Operas Die gute Mutter Johann Baptist von Alxinger Vienna 1795 Das Maroccanische Reich oder Die unterirdischen Schatze 1795 Die Dienstpflicht s a Operettas Das Fest der Lazaronen Joachim Perinet Vienna 1794 Singspiele Oberon Konig der Elfen libretto by Friederike S Seyler extensively revised by Karl Ludwig Giesecke Vienna 1789 Der dreifache Liebhaber Vienna 1791 Rudolph von Felseck J Korompay Vienna 1792 Merkur der Heiratstifter oder Der Geiz im Geldkasten Vienna 1793 Die Post Station oder Die unerwartete Zusammenkunft S F Kunster 1793 Der Schreiner August von Kotzebue Vienna 1799 Die drei Buckligen Warsaw 1808 Other types of opera works quadro musicale romantico Johanna von Montfaucon August von Kotzebue Vienna 1799 Liedspiel Das Mitgefuhl Friedrich Treitschke Vienna 1804 divertissement Das Picknick der Gotter Schonbrunn 1804 Die Erkenntlichkeit Vienna 1804 travestimenti melologhi Medea Macbeth Ballets Die Weinlese Vienna 1794 Zephir und Flora Vienna 1795 Das Waldmadchen Vienna 1796 Die Luftfahrer Vienna 1797 Cyrus and Tomyris 1797 Die Waise der Berghohle Vienna 1810 Walmir und Gertraud ca 1800 Das Urteil des Paris Vienna 1801 Der Raub der Sabinerinnen Vienna 1804 Zufriedenheit mehr als Reichtum Vienna 1805 Zelina und Gorano Vienna 1806 Theatre music Rollas Tod August von Kotzebue Vienna 1795 Achmet und Zenide August Wilhelm Iffland Jolantha Die Rache Siri Brahe Other works edit 1 cantata 56 symphonies 29 published symphonies 27 symphonies in manuscripts 3 piano sonatas 1 Missa Concertos For piano Violin Concerto in C Violin Concerto in D Violin Concerto in F Violin Concerto in G Cello Concerto in C Op 27 Flute Concerto in D Op 24 Op 1 Oboe Concerto in G Concertante for Flute and Oboe in C Op 39 Concertino for Oboe and Cello in D lost Concerto for Two Flutes in G lost Other orchestra works Overture Divertimenti Tafelmusik dances Chamber Music String Trio in G Major Op 3 No 3 recorded by The Vivaldi Project on MSR Classics 1623 5 Quartets quintets etc References edit Slonimsky Nicolas 1978 Wranitzky Paul Baker s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians 6th ed New York Schirmer Books p 1918 ISBN 0028702409 Diederichs Joachim in German 2018 Von wem stammt die Melodie der osterreichischen Bundeshymne From whom is the melody of the Austrian national anthem Osterreichische Musikzeitschrift in German Vienna Hollitzer Verlag pp 79 82 Archived from the original on 2019 06 07 Retrieved 7 June 2019 year 73 Will Richard The Characteristic Symphony in the Age of Haydn and Beethoven Introduction Cambridge University Press 2010 ISBN 9780511481895 P 5 Czech Classicism The Sweat of the Brow Appendic C in The String Quartets of Anton Reicha by Ron Drummond Catalog Title MSR Classics 14 March 2011 External links editOpera composers W Stanford University The Wranitzky Project includes biography catalogue of works and sheet music Biography Free scores by Paul Wranitzky at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Paul Wranitzky String Quartet Op 23 No 5 King of Prussia sound bites and information Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Paul Wranitzky amp oldid 1183857348, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
