This article is about the votive offering. For the EP, see Ex-Voto (EP).
An ex-voto is a votive offering to a saint or to a divinity; the term is usually restricted to Christian examples. It is given in fulfillment of a vow (hence the Latin term, short for ex voto suscepto, "from the vow made") or in gratitude or devotion.[1]
Ex-votos are placed in a church or chapel where the worshiper seeks grace or wishes to give thanks. The destinations of pilgrimages often include shrines decorated with ex-votos.
Ex-votos can take a wide variety of forms. They are not only intended for the helping figure, but also as a testimony to later visitors of the received help. As such they may include texts explaining a miracle attributed to the helper, or symbols such as a painted or modeled reproduction of a miraculously healed body part, or a directly related item such as a crutch given by a person formerly lame. There are places where a very old tradition of depositing ex-votos existed, such as Abydos in ancient Egypt.[2]
Ex-voto paintings
Especially in the Latin world, there is a tradition of votive paintings, typically depicting a dangerous incident which the offeror survived. The votive paintings of Mexico are paralleled in other countries. In Italy, where more than 15,000 ex-voto paintings are thought to survive from before 1600, these began to appear in the 1490s, probably modelled on the small predella panels below altarpieces.[3] These are a form of folk art, in Mexico typically painted cheaply on tin plates salvaged from packaging.
Other examples may be large and grand paintings, such as Titian's Jacopo Pesaro being presented by Pope Alexander VI to Saint Peter, given in thanks for a naval victory. In Venice it became the custom in the Renaissance for the higher officials, beginning with the Doge, to commission (at their personal expense) an ex-voto painting in the form of a portrait of themselves with religious figures, usually the Virgin or saints, in thanks for achieving their office. For lower officials only their coat of arms might represent the official. The painting was hung in the public building where they worked or presided.[4] An example is the Barbarigo Altarpiece, a votive portrait of Doge Agostino Barbarigo with the Virgin and Child, two saints and assorted angels, by Giovanni Bellini (1488). This was made for the Doge's Palace but is now in San Pietro Martire, Murano.
In the church of Notre-Dame de la Garde in Marseille, France, the site of a major local pilgrimage, the ex-votos include paintings, plaques, model boats, war medals and even football shirts given by players and supporters of Olympique de Marseille, the local team. The magnificent Lod mosaic is thought to be an ex-voto expressing gratitude for rescue from a shipwreck.[5] In the long Votive Chapel of Saint Joseph's Oratory in Montreal, there are fixed on iron grilles hundreds of crutches, canes and braces left behind by pilgrims who claimed to have received a healing while meeting with Brother André, CSC. Pope Benedict XVI recognized the authenticity of the miracles and canonized Saint André Bessette in 2011.[6]
^History of Egypt Chaldea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria in the Light of Recent Discovery, L. W. King, H. R. Hall, Echo Library, 2008
^"Recording Miracles in Renaissance Italy", Mary Laven, Past & Present, Volume 230, Issue suppl_11, 1 November 2016, Pages 191–212, [1], an account of the shrine of the Madonna dell’Arco near Naples.
^Lino Moretti, "Portraits", in Jane Martineau (ed), The Genius of Venice, 1500–1600, 1983, Royal Academy of Arts, London
^A suggested reconstruction of one of the merchant ships on the mosaic floor in Lod (Lydda) Israel, Elie Haddad and Miriam Avissar, The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology (2003) 32. I: 73-77
Everyday Miracles: Medical Imagery in Ex-Votos National Library of Medicine.
Marine french ex-voto of Marseille (France) 2021-03-01 at the Wayback Machine
January 13, 2023
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This article is about the votive offering For the EP see Ex Voto EP An ex voto is a votive offering to a saint or to a divinity the term is usually restricted to Christian examples It is given in fulfillment of a vow hence the Latin term short for ex voto suscepto from the vow made or in gratitude or devotion 1 Mexican votive painting of 1911 the man survived an attack by a bull attributed to the care of Our Lady of San Juan de los Lagos La Rochelle slave ship Le saphir ex voto 1741 Contents 1 Definition 2 Ex voto paintings 3 A few examples 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksDefinition EditEx votos are placed in a church or chapel where the worshiper seeks grace or wishes to give thanks The destinations of pilgrimages often include shrines decorated with ex votos Ex votos can take a wide variety of forms They are not only intended for the helping figure but also as a testimony to later visitors of the received help As such they may include texts explaining a miracle attributed to the helper or symbols such as a painted or modeled reproduction of a miraculously healed body part or a directly related item such as a crutch given by a person formerly lame There are places where a very old tradition of depositing ex votos existed such as Abydos in ancient Egypt 2 Ex voto paintings EditEspecially in the Latin world there is a tradition of votive paintings typically depicting a dangerous incident which the offeror survived The votive paintings of Mexico are paralleled in other countries In Italy where more than 15 000 ex voto paintings are thought to survive from before 1600 these began to appear in the 1490s probably modelled on the small predella panels below altarpieces 3 These are a form of folk art in Mexico typically painted cheaply on tin plates salvaged from packaging Other examples may be large and grand paintings such as Titian s Jacopo Pesaro being presented by Pope Alexander VI to Saint Peter given in thanks for a naval victory In Venice it became the custom in the Renaissance for the higher officials beginning with the Doge to commission at their personal expense an ex voto painting in the form of a portrait of themselves with religious figures usually the Virgin or saints in thanks for achieving their office For lower officials only their coat of arms might represent the official The painting was hung in the public building where they worked or presided 4 An example is the Barbarigo Altarpiece a votive portrait of Doge Agostino Barbarigo with the Virgin and Child two saints and assorted angels by Giovanni Bellini 1488 This was made for the Doge s Palace but is now in San Pietro Martire Murano The Ex Voto de 1662 is a painting by Philippe de Champaigne now Louvre showing two nuns one of whom recovered from serious illness A few examples EditIn the church of Notre Dame de la Garde in Marseille France the site of a major local pilgrimage the ex votos include paintings plaques model boats war medals and even football shirts given by players and supporters of Olympique de Marseille the local team The magnificent Lod mosaic is thought to be an ex voto expressing gratitude for rescue from a shipwreck 5 In the long Votive Chapel of Saint Joseph s Oratory in Montreal there are fixed on iron grilles hundreds of crutches canes and braces left behind by pilgrims who claimed to have received a healing while meeting with Brother Andre CSC Pope Benedict XVI recognized the authenticity of the miracles and canonized Saint Andre Bessette in 2011 6 Votive tablets to Saint Mary in Himmerod Abbey Germany A model ship probably thanking help during a storm hanging in a Soderkoping church Ex votos in the Lady Chapel of Jasna Gora Czestochowa Several body parts in a Cypriot plaque from the Roman age Jacopo Pesaro being presented by Pope Alexander VI to Saint Peter by Titian The Barbarigo Altarpiece Doge Agostino Barbarigo with the Virgin and Child by Giovanni Bellini 1488 Roadside Votivtafeln Ganz East Tirol Metal ex votos in Gesu Nuovo Naples Body part models in the Shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida Brazil Modele 1951 helmet of the French Army on display as an ex voto at Notre Dame de la Garde in Marseille The back of the helmet is slightly bent suggesting that it was hit by a shrapnel and saved its owner The collection of ex votos in the Abbey of St Maria del Monte Cesena Italy Ex voto plaques in Rome on a wall on the street See also EditPinax Tama votive Votive candle Milagro votive References Edit Ex Voto Votive Giving Across Cultures Ittai Weinryb ed Bard Graduate Publications History of Egypt Chaldea Syria Babylonia and Assyria in the Light of Recent Discovery L W King H R Hall Echo Library 2008 Recording Miracles in Renaissance Italy Mary Laven Past amp Present Volume 230 Issue suppl 11 1 November 2016 Pages 191 212 1 an account of the shrine of the Madonna dell Arco near Naples Lino Moretti Portraits in Jane Martineau ed The Genius of Venice 1500 1600 1983 Royal Academy of Arts London A suggested reconstruction of one of the merchant ships on the mosaic floor in Lod Lydda Israel Elie Haddad and Miriam Avissar The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 2003 32 I 73 77 saint joseph orgExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ex voto Everyday Miracles Medical Imagery in Ex Votos National Library of Medicine Marine french ex voto of Marseille France Archived 2021 03 01 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ex voto amp oldid 1128953927, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
