This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (October 2016) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
View a machine-translated version of the French article.
Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 5,324 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Paul Ier (roi des Hellènes)]]; see its history for attribution.
You should also add the template {{Translated|fr|Paul Ier (roi des Hellènes)}} to the talk page.
Paul (Greek: Παύλος, Pávlos; 14 December 1901 – 6 March 1964) was King of Greece from 1 April 1947 until his death in 1964. He was succeeded by his son, Constantine II.
From 1917 to 1920, Paul lived in exile with his father, Constantine I. From 1923 to 1935, he lived in exile again in England, this time with his brother, George II. He worked briefly in an aircraft factory under an alias, and through Viscount Tredegar met and befriended notorious literary muse Denham Fouts, who later alleged an affair.[2], claiming they had themselves identically tattooed with a small blue insignia above the heart.[3][4] A friend of Fouts, John B. L. Goodwin said Fouts often made up stories about his life,[5] and literary critic Katherine Bucknell thought many of the tales about him were myths.[6]Henry Channon wrote in his diary that Paul was a bisexual rake before his marriage.[7]
During most of World War II, from 1941 to 1946, when Greece was under German occupation, Paul was with the Greek government-in-exile in London and Cairo. From Cairo, he broadcast messages to the Greek people.
By 1949 the Civil War was effectively over, with the Communist insurgents ceasing the majority of their operations, and the task of rebuilding the shattered north of the country began.[9]
In the 1950s Greece recovered economically, and diplomatic and trade links were strengthened by Paul’s state visits abroad. He became the first Greek Monarch to visit a Turkish Head of State. However, links with Britain became strained over Cyprus, where the majority Greek population favored union with Greece, which Britain, as the colonial power, would not endorse. Eventually, Cyprus became an independent state in 1960.[10]
Meanwhile, republican sentiment was growing in Greece. Both Paul and Frederica attracted criticism for their interference in politics,[11] frequent foreign travels, and the cost of maintaining the Royal Family. Paul responded by economising and donated his private estate at Polidendri to the State.[12]
In 1959, he had an operation for a cataract, and in 1963 an emergency operation for appendicitis. In late February 1964, he underwent a further operation for stomach cancer, and about a week later on 6 March 1964, King Paul I died in Athens.[13] He was succeeded by his son, Constantine II.
In March 2014, a memorial service took place in the grounds of Tatoi Palace in Athens commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of Paul's death. Members of the Greek and Spanish royal families were present.[15][16]
^"Page 972 | Supplement 39779, 13 February 1953 | London Gazette | the Gazette".
^"GRC: Greece and Spanish Royal Families Attend Commemorative Mass For King Paul I of Greece Pictures & News Photos | Getty Images". gettyimages.co.uk. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
^"Spanish and Greek royals come together in Athens to remember King Paul I of Greece". Hello Magazine. 6 March 2014.
^ abChisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "George I., King of the Hellenes" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^ abcdMeisner, Heinrich Otto (1961), "Friedrich III", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 5, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 487–489; (full text online)
Wishart, Michael (1977). High Diver. Blond and Briggs
Woodhouse, C.M. (1998). Modern Greece: A Short History, Mackays of Chatham, Kent
Μιχάλης Φύλλας, «Στιγμές από την ιστορία της σύγχρονης Ελληνικής θεολογίας. Ο βασιλιάς Παύλος και η «Ένωση Ελλήνων Θεολόγων», Σύναξη, τχ.156, (Οκτώβριος-Δεκέμβριος 2020), σελ.85-88.[1]
paul, greece, pavlos, greece, redirects, here, crown, prince, pavlos, crown, prince, greece, this, article, expanded, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, french, october, 2016, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine,. Pavlos of Greece redirects here For the Crown Prince see Pavlos Crown Prince of Greece This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French October 2016 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 5 324 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Paul Ier roi des Hellenes see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated fr Paul Ier roi des Hellenes to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Paul Greek Paylos Pavlos 14 December 1901 6 March 1964 was King of Greece from 1 April 1947 until his death in 1964 He was succeeded by his son Constantine II PaulPaul in 1939King of the HellenesReign1 April 1947 6 March 1964PredecessorGeorge IISuccessorConstantine IIPrime MinistersSee list Dimitrios MaximosKonstantinos TsaldarisThemistoklis SofoulisAlexandros DiomidisIoannis TheotokisSophoklis VenizelosNikolaos PlastirasDimitrios KiousopoulosAlexander PapagosKonstantinos KaramanlisKonstantinos GeorgakopoulosKonstantinos DovasPanagiotis PipinelisStylianos MavromichalisGeorgios PapandreouIoannis ParaskevopoulosBorn 1901 12 14 14 December 1901Tatoi Palace Athens GreeceDied6 March 1964 1964 03 06 aged 62 Athens GreeceBurial12 March 1964Royal Cemetery Tatoi Palace GreeceSpouseFrederica of Hanover m 1938 wbr IssueSofia Queen of Spain Constantine II King of Greece Princess IreneHouseGlucksburgFatherConstantine I of GreeceMotherSophia of PrussiaSignaturePaul was first cousin to Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh and father in law to Juan Carlos I of Spain Contents 1 Early life 2 Marriage and children 3 World War II 4 Reign 5 Foreign Honours 6 Legacy 7 Ancestry 8 Notes and sources 9 References 10 External linksEarly life Edit Paul as a teenager Paul was born on 14 December 1901 at the Tatoi Palace in Attica north of Athens the third son of King Constantine I of Greece and his wife Princess Sophia of Prussia He trained as an army officer at the Royal Military College Sandhurst and later at the Hellenic Military Academy in Kypseli Athens Paul was an army officer cadet in the Coldstream Guards and Lieutenant with the Evzones To his family he was known as Palo 1 From 1917 to 1920 Paul lived in exile with his father Constantine I From 1923 to 1935 he lived in exile again in England this time with his brother George II He worked briefly in an aircraft factory under an alias and through Viscount Tredegar met and befriended notorious literary muse Denham Fouts who later alleged an affair 2 claiming they had themselves identically tattooed with a small blue insignia above the heart 3 4 A friend of Fouts John B L Goodwin said Fouts often made up stories about his life 5 and literary critic Katherine Bucknell thought many of the tales about him were myths 6 Henry Channon wrote in his diary that Paul was a bisexual rake before his marriage 7 Marriage and children Edit Paul of Greece with Spyridon Louis in Berlin during the 1936 Summer Olympics On 9 January 1938 Paul married Princess Frederica of Hanover his first cousin once removed through Frederick III German Emperor and Victoria Princess Royal and second cousin through Christian IX of Denmark in Athens They had three children Sophia Queen of Spain born 1938 Constantine II King of the Hellenes 1940 2023 Irene born 1942 World War II EditDuring most of World War II from 1941 to 1946 when Greece was under German occupation Paul was with the Greek government in exile in London and Cairo From Cairo he broadcast messages to the Greek people Reign EditPaul returned to Greece in 1946 He succeeded to the throne in 1947 upon the death of his childless elder brother King George II during the Greek Civil War between Greek Communists and the non communist Greek government In 1947 he was unable to attend the wedding of his first cousin Prince Philip Duke of Edinburgh to the future Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom as he was suffering from typhoid fever 8 By 1949 the Civil War was effectively over with the Communist insurgents ceasing the majority of their operations and the task of rebuilding the shattered north of the country began 9 In the 1950s Greece recovered economically and diplomatic and trade links were strengthened by Paul s state visits abroad He became the first Greek Monarch to visit a Turkish Head of State However links with Britain became strained over Cyprus where the majority Greek population favored union with Greece which Britain as the colonial power would not endorse Eventually Cyprus became an independent state in 1960 10 In December 1959 Prince Maximillian of Bavaria presented King Otto s coronation regalia to Paul It had been almost a century since they were last in Greece Meanwhile republican sentiment was growing in Greece Both Paul and Frederica attracted criticism for their interference in politics 11 frequent foreign travels and the cost of maintaining the Royal Family Paul responded by economising and donated his private estate at Polidendri to the State 12 In 1959 he had an operation for a cataract and in 1963 an emergency operation for appendicitis In late February 1964 he underwent a further operation for stomach cancer and about a week later on 6 March 1964 King Paul I died in Athens 13 He was succeeded by his son Constantine II Foreign Honours Edit United Kingdom Honorary Knight Grand Cross Royal Victorian Order 1937 Honorary Admiral Royal Navy Feb 1953 14 Stranger Knight of the Order of the Garter 1963Legacy EditIn March 2014 a memorial service took place in the grounds of Tatoi Palace in Athens commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of Paul s death Members of the Greek and Spanish royal families were present 15 16 Ancestry EditAncestors of Paul of Greece8 Christian IX of Denmark 19 4 George I of Greece 17 9 Princess Louise of Hesse Kassel 19 2 Constantine I of Greece10 Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia 20 5 Grand Duchess Olga Constantinovna of Russia 17 11 Princess Alexandra of Saxe Altenburg 20 1 Paul of Greece12 William I German Emperor 18 6 Frederick III German Emperor 18 13 Princess Augusta of Saxe Weimar Eisenach 18 3 Princess Sophia of Prussia14 Prince Albert of Saxe Coburg and Gotha 21 7 Victoria Princess Royal 18 15 Victoria of the United Kingdom 21 Notes and sources Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paul I of Greece The Duke Portrait of Prince Philip Written by Tim Heald Vanderbilt p 30 Wishart p 52 Vanderbilt Arthur 2014 Riverdale Avenue Books ed Best Kept Boy in the World New York p 112 ISBN 978 1936833 41 2 Capote Answered Prayers p 5 Clarke p 172 Bucknell p 941 Simon Heffer ed Henry Chips Channon The Diaries 1938 43 Penguin London 2022 fn429 Van der Kiste p 177 Van der Kiste p 179 Van der Kiste p 180 Clogg p 153 Woodhouse p 283 Van der Kiste pp 182 183 Van der Kiste pp 183 184 Page 972 Supplement 39779 13 February 1953 London Gazette the Gazette GRC Greece and Spanish Royal Families Attend Commemorative Mass For King Paul I of Greece Pictures amp News Photos Getty Images gettyimages co uk Retrieved 4 September 2015 Spanish and Greek royals come together in Athens to remember King Paul I of Greece Hello Magazine 6 March 2014 a b Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 George I King of the Hellenes Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 11 11th ed Cambridge University Press a b c d Meisner Heinrich Otto 1961 Friedrich III Neue Deutsche Biographie in German vol 5 Berlin Duncker amp Humblot pp 487 489 full text online a b Bricka Carl Frederik ed Louise Dansk Biografisk Leksikon Vol 5 p 593 a b Olga Constantinovna 1851 1926 Women in World History A Biographical Encyclopedia Gale Research 2002 a b Louda Jiri Maclagan Michael 1999 Lines of Succession Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe London Little Brown p 34 ISBN 978 1 85605 469 0References EditBucknell Katherine 1996 Christopher Isherwood Diaries Volume One 1939 1960 London Methuen ISBN 0 413 69680 4 Clarke Gerald 1988 Capote A Biography London Hamish Hamilton ISBN 0 241 12549 9 Clogg Richard 1992 A Concise History of Greece Cambridge University Press Vanderbilt Arthur 2014 Best Kept Boy in the World The Life and Loves of Denny Fouts Magnus Books Van der Kiste John 1994 Kings of the Hellenes Stroud Gloucestershire Alan Sutton Publishing ISBN 0 7509 0525 5 Wishart Michael 1977 High Diver Blond and Briggs Woodhouse C M 1998 Modern Greece A Short History Mackays of Chatham Kent Mixalhs Fyllas Stigmes apo thn istoria ths sygxronhs Ellhnikhs 8eologias O basilias Paylos kai h Enwsh Ellhnwn 8eologwn Syna3h tx 156 Oktwbrios Dekembrios 2020 sel 85 88 1 External links EditNewspaper clippings about Paul of Greece in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBWPaul of GreeceHouse of Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg GlucksburgCadet branch of the House of OldenburgBorn 14 December 1901 Died 6 March 1964Regnal titlesPreceded byGeorge II King of the Hellenes1 April 1947 6 March 1964 Succeeded byConstantine II Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Paul of Greece amp oldid 1134035144, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
