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Pascale Cossart

November 27, 2023

Pascale Cossart (born 21 March 1948) is a French bacteriologist who is affiliated with the Pasteur Institute of Paris. She is the foremost authority on Listeria monocytogenes,[2] a deadly and common food-borne pathogen responsible for encephalitis, meningitis, bacteremia, gastroenteritis, and other diseases.

Pascale Cossart
Cossart in 2013.
Born (1948-03-21) 21 March 1948 (age 75)
Alma materLille University, Georgetown University, University of Paris
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsBacteriology
InstitutionsPasteur Institute

Biography edit

Cossart was born in the north of France in 1948. She grew up and attended school in Arras.[3] Cossart earned a B.S. and M.S. from Lille University in 1968. She then earned an M.S. in chemistry from Georgetown University in 1971, and her Ph.D. in biochemistry at the Pasteur Institute and the University of Paris in 1977 (University Paris Diderot).[4] She completed her postdoctoral fellowship at the Pasteur Institute.[4] She is currently a Professor and Head of the Unité des Interactions Bactéries Cellules at the Pasteur Institute.[4] In 1998, she received the Richard Lounsbery Prize and the L'Oreal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science.[4] She was awarded the Balzan Prize for Infectious Diseases: Basic and Clinical Aspects in 2013.[5]

Works edit

Cossart's research has focused on infection by intracellular bacteria, and in particular the infectious agent Listeria monocytogenes.[4]

Listeria is a food-borne bacterial pathogen responsible for numerous illnesses and a mortality rate of 30%. The bacteria is one of the best models of intracellular parasitism because it is particularly hardy, able to survive in a variety of cells, cross multiple host barriers, and spreads through ActA, the protein responsible for actin-based motility.[6] Cossart's work has shed light on the genetic and biochemical processes that make Listeria so effective and lethal, identifying the bsh gene; regulatory mechanisms such as an RNA thermosensor that control expression of the virulence genes such as bsh; and the ways in which Listeria enters cells and crosses physiological barriers such as the blood–brain barrier, the intestinal barrier, and the placental barrier. The discovery by Cossart's lab of the interaction between L. monocytogenes' protein, internalin, and its cell receptor, E-cadherin, was the first such study that successfully demonstrated the molecular mechanism that permits a bacterial agent to cross the placental barrier.[3]

In 2009 Cossart published what she describes as the first "bacterial operon map"—the transcriptional program that regulates Listeria's behavior in different environmental conditions.[7] By comparing the sequences of Listeria drawn from soil and drawn from the human gut, Cossart identified non-coding RNAs that contribute to Listeria's virulence, identified additional RNA repressors, and determined that riboswitches can act both downstream and upstream.[3]

As part of her work she has also developed important biological tools, including a transgenic mouse that was the first animal model to overcome bacterial species-specificity. The mouse carried a human version of a host cell membrane receptor that L. monocytogenes used to enter cells.[3]

Significant publications edit

  • Cossart, Pascale; Boquet, Patrice; Normark, Staffan; Rappuoli, Rino, eds. (29 November 2004). Cellular Microbiology. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press. doi:10.1128/9781555817633. ISBN 978-1-68367-203-6.
  • Finlay, B. Brett (2001). "Cracking Listeria' s Password". Science. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). 292 (5522): 1665–1667. doi:10.1126/science.1062045. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 11387462. S2CID 12009460.
  • Toledo-Arana, Alejandro; Dussurget, Olivier; Nikitas, Georgios; Sesto, Nina; Guet-Revillet, Hélène; Balestrino, Damien; Loh, Edmund; Gripenland, Jonas; Tiensuu, Teresa; Vaitkevicius, Karolis; Barthelemy, Mathieu; Vergassola, Massimo; Nahori, Marie-Anne; Soubigou, Guillaume; Régnault, Béatrice; Coppée, Jean-Yves; Lecuit, Marc; Johansson, Jörgen; Cossart, Pascale (17 May 2009). "The Listeria transcriptional landscape from saprophytism to virulence". Nature. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. 459 (7249): 950–956. Bibcode:2009Natur.459..950T. doi:10.1038/nature08080. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 19448609. S2CID 4341657.

Awards, prizes, and honorary lectures edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Louis-Jeantet Prize
  2. ^ Sedwick, Caitlin (21 March 2011). "Pascale Cossart: The ins and outs of Listeria". Journal of Cell Biology. Rockefeller University Press. 192 (6): 904–905. doi:10.1083/jcb.1926pi. ISSN 1540-8140. PMC 3063141. PMID 21422225.
  3. ^ a b c d Cossart, Pascale (15 September 2023). "Raising a Bacterium to the Rank of a Model System: The Listeria Paradigm". Annual Review of Microbiology. 77 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-110422-112841. ISSN 0066-4227.
  4. ^ a b c d e . Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Archived from the original on 13 June 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  5. ^ . International Balzan Prize Foundation. 9 September 2013. Archived from the original on 17 July 2014. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
  6. ^ "Pascale Cossart", ASCB Newsletter, Dec. 2006, pp.32–34.
  7. ^ Nature, 17 May 2009.
  8. ^ a b c Hoffmann, Ilire Hasani, Robert. "Academy of Europe: Cossart Pascale". www.ae-info.org.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ "Pascale Cossart". German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  10. ^ "NIH Record—4/29/2003--Annual Pittman Lecture To Feature Pascale Cossart, May 7". nihrecord.nih.gov.
  11. ^ . asmmeeting.theasm.org.au. Archived from the original on 7 March 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
  12. ^ "FEMS-Lwoff Award » FEMS Meeting 2019". fems-microbiology.org.

External links edit

  • "Professor Pascale Cossart". VinFuture. 22 October 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021.

November 27, 2023
pascale, cossart, born, march, 1948, french, bacteriologist, affiliated, with, pasteur, institute, paris, foremost, authority, listeria, monocytogenes, deadly, common, food, borne, pathogen, responsible, encephalitis, meningitis, bacteremia, gastroenteritis, o. Pascale Cossart born 21 March 1948 is a French bacteriologist who is affiliated with the Pasteur Institute of Paris She is the foremost authority on Listeria monocytogenes 2 a deadly and common food borne pathogen responsible for encephalitis meningitis bacteremia gastroenteritis and other diseases Pascale CossartCossart in 2013 Born 1948 03 21 21 March 1948 age 75 Alma materLille University Georgetown University University of ParisAwardsRobert Koch Prize 2007 Louis Jeantet Prize for Medicine 2008 1 Balzan Prize 2013 Ernst Jung Gold Medal for Medicine 2017 Scientific careerFieldsBacteriologyInstitutionsPasteur Institute Contents 1 Biography 2 Works 3 Significant publications 4 Awards prizes and honorary lectures 5 References 6 External linksBiography editCossart was born in the north of France in 1948 She grew up and attended school in Arras 3 Cossart earned a B S and M S from Lille University in 1968 She then earned an M S in chemistry from Georgetown University in 1971 and her Ph D in biochemistry at the Pasteur Institute and the University of Paris in 1977 University Paris Diderot 4 She completed her postdoctoral fellowship at the Pasteur Institute 4 She is currently a Professor and Head of the Unite des Interactions Bacteries Cellules at the Pasteur Institute 4 In 1998 she received the Richard Lounsbery Prize and the L Oreal UNESCO Award for Women in Science 4 She was awarded the Balzan Prize for Infectious Diseases Basic and Clinical Aspects in 2013 5 Works editCossart s research has focused on infection by intracellular bacteria and in particular the infectious agent Listeria monocytogenes 4 Listeria is a food borne bacterial pathogen responsible for numerous illnesses and a mortality rate of 30 The bacteria is one of the best models of intracellular parasitism because it is particularly hardy able to survive in a variety of cells cross multiple host barriers and spreads through ActA the protein responsible for actin based motility 6 Cossart s work has shed light on the genetic and biochemical processes that make Listeria so effective and lethal identifying the bsh gene regulatory mechanisms such as an RNA thermosensor that control expression of the virulence genes such as bsh and the ways in which Listeria enters cells and crosses physiological barriers such as the blood brain barrier the intestinal barrier and the placental barrier The discovery by Cossart s lab of the interaction between L monocytogenes protein internalin and its cell receptor E cadherin was the first such study that successfully demonstrated the molecular mechanism that permits a bacterial agent to cross the placental barrier 3 In 2009 Cossart published what she describes as the first bacterial operon map the transcriptional program that regulates Listeria s behavior in different environmental conditions 7 By comparing the sequences of Listeria drawn from soil and drawn from the human gut Cossart identified non coding RNAs that contribute to Listeria s virulence identified additional RNA repressors and determined that riboswitches can act both downstream and upstream 3 As part of her work she has also developed important biological tools including a transgenic mouse that was the first animal model to overcome bacterial species specificity The mouse carried a human version of a host cell membrane receptor that L monocytogenes used to enter cells 3 Significant publications editCossart Pascale Boquet Patrice Normark Staffan Rappuoli Rino eds 29 November 2004 Cellular Microbiology Washington DC USA ASM Press doi 10 1128 9781555817633 ISBN 978 1 68367 203 6 Finlay B Brett 2001 Cracking Listeria s Password Science American Association for the Advancement of Science AAAS 292 5522 1665 1667 doi 10 1126 science 1062045 ISSN 0036 8075 PMID 11387462 S2CID 12009460 Toledo Arana Alejandro Dussurget Olivier Nikitas Georgios Sesto Nina Guet Revillet Helene Balestrino Damien Loh Edmund Gripenland Jonas Tiensuu Teresa Vaitkevicius Karolis Barthelemy Mathieu Vergassola Massimo Nahori Marie Anne Soubigou Guillaume Regnault Beatrice Coppee Jean Yves Lecuit Marc Johansson Jorgen Cossart Pascale 17 May 2009 The Listeria transcriptional landscape from saprophytism to virulence Nature Springer Science and Business Media LLC 459 7249 950 956 Bibcode 2009Natur 459 950T doi 10 1038 nature08080 ISSN 0028 0836 PMID 19448609 S2CID 4341657 Awards prizes and honorary lectures editCarlos J Finlay Prize for Microbiology 1995 Louis Rapkine Medal 1997 8 Richard Lounsbery Award 1998 Helena Rubenstein UNESCO Award for Women in Science Leadership 1998 Corresponding member French Academy of Sciences 1999 Nestle Prize L homme et sa nutrition 2000 Louis Pasteur Gold Medal Swedish Society of Medicine 2000 Howard Hughes Medical Institute International Research Scholar 2000 2005 2005 2011 2012 2017 Member German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina 2001 9 Valade Prize Fondation de France 2003 Margaret Pittman Lecture National Institutes of Health 2003 10 Member American Academy of Microbiology 2004 GlaxoSmithKline International Member of the Year Award 2007 11 Descartes Prize 2007 8 ERC Advanced Grant Award 2008 8 Member of the European Academy of Microbiology 2009 President Conseil Scientifique of the Pasteur Institute Member French Conseil National de la Science Robert Koch Prize 2007 Louis Jeantet Prize for Medicine 2008 1 Rene DESCARTES Prize 2008 for collaborative transnational research Brussels 2008 ERC Advanced Grant Award 2008 2014 2015 2019 Foreign member Royal Society of London 2010 Robert Koch Medal of the Robert Koch Institute Berlin Germany 2010 Van Deenen Medal of the Institute of Biomembranes Utrecht The Nertherlands 2011 Helmotz International Fellow Award Berlin Germany 2013 Balzan Prize 2013 H P R Seeliger Award Wurzburg Germany 2013 Foreign Member of the National Academy of Medicine NAM USA 2014 FEBS EMBO Women in Science Award 2014 6 Jurgen Manchot Guest Professorship 2014 Dusseldorf Germany 2014 Doctor honoris causa of the University of Birmingham United Kingdom 2015 Associated member of the Academie Nationale de Pharmacie Paris 2016 Ernst Jung Gold Medal for Medicine from the Jung Foundation 2017 Prix Rene et Andree Duquesne Paris France 2018 Heinrich Wieland Prize Munich Germany 2018 FEMS Lwoff Award 2019 12 Honorary Doctorate Karolinska Institute Stockholm 2020 Selman A Waksman Award in Microbiology NAS 2021 National Academy of Science Washington USA to be announced Grand officier of the Legion of Honor in 2020 commandeur in 2013 officier in 2007 Commandeur of the Ordre national du Merite in 2010 References edit a b Louis Jeantet Prize Sedwick Caitlin 21 March 2011 Pascale Cossart The ins and outs of Listeria Journal of Cell Biology Rockefeller University Press 192 6 904 905 doi 10 1083 jcb 1926pi ISSN 1540 8140 PMC 3063141 PMID 21422225 a b c d Cossart Pascale 15 September 2023 Raising a Bacterium to the Rank of a Model System The Listeria Paradigm Annual Review of Microbiology 77 1 1 22 doi 10 1146 annurev micro 110422 112841 ISSN 0066 4227 a b c d e Pascale F Cossart PhD Howard Hughes Medical Institute Archived from the original on 13 June 2017 Retrieved 19 April 2016 The Balzan Prizewinners 2013 International Balzan Prize Foundation 9 September 2013 Archived from the original on 17 July 2014 Retrieved 19 April 2016 Pascale Cossart ASCB Newsletter Dec 2006 pp 32 34 Nature 17 May 2009 a b c Hoffmann Ilire Hasani Robert Academy of Europe Cossart Pascale www ae info org a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Pascale Cossart German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina Retrieved 26 May 2021 NIH Record 4 29 2003 Annual Pittman Lecture To Feature Pascale Cossart May 7 nihrecord nih gov Invited Speakers ASM Meeting 2018 asmmeeting theasm org au Archived from the original on 7 March 2019 Retrieved 14 March 2018 FEMS Lwoff Award FEMS Meeting 2019 fems microbiology org External links edit Professor Pascale Cossart VinFuture 22 October 2021 Retrieved 28 November 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pascale Cossart amp oldid 1185744671, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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